RÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: Repeated administration of cisplatin causes CKD. In previous studies, we reported that the kidney-secreted survival protein renalase (RNLS) and an agonist peptide protected mice from cisplatin-induced AKI. METHODS: To investigate whether kidney-targeted delivery of RNLS might prevent cisplatin-induced CKD in a mouse model, we achieved specific delivery of a RNLS agonist peptide (RP81) to the renal proximal tubule by encapsulating the peptide in mesoscale nanoparticles (MNPs). We used genetic deletion of RNLS, single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, and Western blotting to determine efficacy and to explore underlying mechanisms. We also measured plasma RNLS in patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma receiving their first dose of cisplatin chemotherapy. RESULTS: In mice with CKD induced by cisplatin, we observed an approximate 60% reduction of kidney RNLS; genetic deletion of RNLS was associated with significantly more severe cisplatin-induced CKD. In this severe model of cisplatin-induced CKD, systemic administration of MNP-encapsulated RP81 (RP81-MNP) significantly reduced CKD as assessed by plasma creatinine and histology. It also decreased inflammatory cytokines in plasma and inhibited regulated necrosis in kidney. Single-cell RNA sequencing analyses revealed that RP81-MNP preserved epithelial components of the nephron and the vasculature and suppressed inflammatory macrophages and myofibroblasts. In patients receiving their first dose of cisplatin chemotherapy, plasma RNLS levels trended lower at day 14 post-treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Kidney-targeted delivery of RNLS agonist RP81-MNP protects against cisplatin-induced CKD by decreasing cell death and improving the viability of the renal proximal tubule. These findings suggest that such an approach might mitigate the development of CKD in patients receiving cisplatin cancer chemotherapy.
Sujet(s)
Cisplatine/effets indésirables , Monoamine oxidase/métabolisme , Insuffisance rénale chronique/induit chimiquement , Insuffisance rénale chronique/prévention et contrôle , Séquence d'acides aminés , Animaux , Antinéoplasiques/administration et posologie , Antinéoplasiques/effets indésirables , Lignée cellulaire , Cisplatine/administration et posologie , Créatinine/sang , Modèles animaux de maladie humaine , Expression des gènes/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Débit de filtration glomérulaire , Récepteur cellulaire-1 du virus de l'hépatite A/sang , Humains , Rein/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Rein/métabolisme , Rein/anatomopathologie , Souris , Souris de lignée C57BL , Souris knockout , Monoamine oxidase/déficit , Monoamine oxidase/génétique , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Peptides/administration et posologie , Peptides/génétique , Insuffisance rénale chronique/anatomopathologieRÉSUMÉ
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding is menstrual bleeding in abnormal volume, duration, or time, and it is a common problem in women. A wide range of drug therapies, with varying efficacy, is available for women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding. The use of herbal and traditional medicine is one of the ways to treat this disease, which has fewer side effects than chemical drugs. On the other hand, these medicines have less effect on treatment than chemical drugs. Therefore, increasing their effectiveness in the treatment of diseases has always been important. For this purpose, in this study, a comparison was done between direct use and PLGA nanocapsules containing Tiaojing Zhixue, in the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. First, PLGA nanocapsules containing Tiaojing Zhixue were synthesized by the electrospray technique. Then 80 women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding were treated with this medicine. These people were divided into two groups of 40 people. The first group was treated with 20mg of Tiaojing Zhixue and the other group was treated with PLGA nanocapsules containing Tiaojing Zhixue for eight months. The duration and frequency of bleeding from one month before the start of treatment and during the eight months after the start of treatment (second, fourth, and eighth month) were assessed in two groups. The two groups were homogeneous in terms of mean frequency of bleeding and mean duration of bleeding before starting treatment. The positive response in the PLGA nanocapsules treatment group (75%) was higher than the direct use drug treatment group (42.5%) (P < 0.01). The rate of side effects was the same in each group. Due to the effectiveness of PLGA nanocapsules in the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding and the lack of side effects, it can be considered as an alternative medicine for the treatment of this disorder.
Sujet(s)
Médicaments issus de plantes chinoises/administration et posologie , Médicaments issus de plantes chinoises/usage thérapeutique , Médecine traditionnelle chinoise/méthodes , Métrorragie/traitement médicamenteux , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Copolymère d'acide poly(lactique-co-glycolique)/composition chimique , Adulte , Femelle , Humains , Microscopie électronique à balayage , Nanocapsules/composition chimique , Nanocapsules/ultrastructure , Facteurs temps , Résultat thérapeutiqueRÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND AND AIM: The current study aimed to assess the effect of fortified yogurt with nano-encapsulated vitamin D on serum pro-oxidant anti-oxidant balance (PAB) in adults with or without metabolic syndrome. METHODS: In a quadruple blind clinical trial study, 139 adults with an age range of 30-50 years were randomly selected to receive either 1500 IU nano-encapsulated vitamin D fortified yogurt or placebo for ten weeks. Before and after the intervention period, blood sample was taken to determine the serum levels of vitamin D, pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). The laboratory tests were checked at baseline and at the end of the treatment. RESULTS: Serum vitamin D increased significantly, from 14.47 ± 6.07 ng/mL to 21.39 ± 6.54 ng/mL (P < 0.001) after ten weeks in the intervention group. Serum hs-CRP and PAB were significantly lower following consumption period in intervention group [1.95(0.4-8.15) g/dL vs. 1.35(0.25-3.62) g/dL; P = 0.013] and (135.19 ± 42.4 HK vs. 115.39 ± 44.69) HK; P = 0.018] respectively. There were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups regarding weight and BMI at the end of the intervention period (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Low-fat yogurt fortified with nano-encapsulated vitamin D was found to reduce serum PAB levels in adults with metabolic syndrome. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The findings of the present study indicated that a low-fat yogurt fortified with 1500 IU nano-encapsulated vitamin D for ten weeks, leads to a significant reduction in serum hs-CRP and PAB concentrations highlighted the anti-inflammatory/anti-oxidative effect of vitamin D.
Sujet(s)
Antioxydants/métabolisme , Syndrome métabolique X/sang , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Oxydants/sang , Vitamine D/administration et posologie , Yaourt , Adulte , Régime pauvre en graisses/méthodes , Méthode en double aveugle , Femelle , Études de suivi , Aliment enrichi , Humains , Mâle , Syndrome métabolique X/diétothérapie , Adulte d'âge moyen , Espèces réactives de l'oxygène/sang , Résultat thérapeutiqueRÉSUMÉ
Polyphenols play a therapeutic role in vascular diseases, acting in inherent illness-associate conditions such as inflammation, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and oxidative stress, as demonstrated by clinical trials and epidemiological surveys. The main polyphenol cardioprotective mechanisms rely on increased nitric oxide, decreased asymmetric dimethylarginine levels, upregulation of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes via the Nrf2-ARE pathway and anti-inflammatory action through the redox-sensitive transcription factor NF-κB and PPAR-γ receptor. However, poor polyphenol bioavailability and extensive metabolization restrict their applicability. Polyphenols carried by nanoparticles circumvent these limitations providing controlled release and better solubility, chemical protection, and target achievement. Nano-encapsulate polyphenols loaded in food grade polymers and lipids appear to be safe, gaining resistance in the enteric route for intestinal absorption, in which the mucoadhesiveness ensures their increased uptake, achieving high systemic levels in non-metabolized forms. Nano-capsules confer a gradual release to these compounds, as well as longer half-lives and cell and whole organism permanence, reinforcing their effectiveness, as demonstrated in pre-clinical trials, enabling their application as an adjuvant therapy against cardiovascular diseases. Polyphenol entrapment in nanoparticles should be encouraged in nutraceutical manufacturing for the fortification of foods and beverages. This study discusses pre-clinical trials evaluating how nano-encapsulate polyphenols following oral administration can aid in cardiovascular performance.
Sujet(s)
Antioxydants/pharmacologie , Cardiotoniques/pharmacologie , Préparation de médicament/méthodes , Hypertension artérielle/traitement médicamenteux , Ischémie myocardique/traitement médicamenteux , Polyphénols/pharmacologie , Éléments de réponse aux anti-oxydants , Antioxydants/composition chimique , Antioxydants/pharmacocinétique , Arginine/analogues et dérivés , Arginine/antagonistes et inhibiteurs , Arginine/métabolisme , Cardiotoniques/composition chimique , Cardiotoniques/pharmacocinétique , Diabète/traitement médicamenteux , Diabète/génétique , Diabète/métabolisme , Diabète/physiopathologie , Vecteurs de médicaments , Dyslipidémies/traitement médicamenteux , Dyslipidémies/génétique , Dyslipidémies/métabolisme , Dyslipidémies/physiopathologie , Régulation de l'expression des gènes/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Humains , Hypertension artérielle/génétique , Hypertension artérielle/métabolisme , Hypertension artérielle/physiopathologie , Ischémie myocardique/génétique , Ischémie myocardique/métabolisme , Ischémie myocardique/physiopathologie , Facteur-2 apparenté à NF-E2/génétique , Facteur-2 apparenté à NF-E2/métabolisme , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Nanocapsules/composition chimique , Monoxyde d'azote/antagonistes et inhibiteurs , Monoxyde d'azote/biosynthèse , Stress oxydatif/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Polyphénols/composition chimique , Polyphénols/pharmacocinétique , Transduction du signalRÉSUMÉ
The use of exogenous antioxidants or the combination of them during in vitro oocyte/embryo culture media is reasonable. Co-delivery by nanocarrier has been designed to overcome the limitations of combining them traditionally. In this work, amphiphilic chitosan nanocarrier (ACN) was applied to co-encapsulate melatonin (Mel) and tretinoin (TTN) by the self-assembled method and evaluate their synergistic antioxidant efficacy in mice oocytes/embryos. The formation of single/dual-ACN was confirmed by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The average particle diameter, size distribution, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential of them were measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS), and the morphology was evaluated by TEM and SEM technologies. Also, the encapsulation efficiency (EE%) and drug loading content (DL%) of the nanocapsules were determined by UV-vis spectrophotometry. Studies of the in vitro release showed a continued drug release without any bursting effect of Mel+TTN-ACNs compared with single Mel/TTN-ACNs. Then, in both experiments, nuclear staining (Aceto-orcein and Hoechst 33342), fluorescent staining of H2DCFDA, chemiluminescence test, and qRT-PCR technique were performed as in vitro toxicity studies. The results of all these evaluations demonstrated that the dual delivery of Mel and TTN could accumulate a safety (without high-dose toxicity) synergistic anti-oxidative effect in oocyte/embryo by passive controlled, and inhibit intra/extracellular ROS levels by an enhanced intracellular penetration.
Sujet(s)
Antioxydants/administration et posologie , Chitosane/administration et posologie , Mélatonine/administration et posologie , Morula/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Ovocytes/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Trétinoïne/administration et posologie , Animaux , Antioxydants/métabolisme , Chitosane/métabolisme , Vecteurs de médicaments/administration et posologie , Vecteurs de médicaments/métabolisme , Synergie des médicaments , Techniques de culture d'embryons/méthodes , Développement embryonnaire/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Développement embryonnaire/physiologie , Femelle , Mâle , Mélatonine/métabolisme , Souris , Morula/métabolisme , Ovocytes/métabolisme , Trétinoïne/métabolismeRÉSUMÉ
Microbial keratitis (MK) is a vision-threatening disease and the fourth leading cause of blindness worldwide. In this work, we aim to develop moxifloxacin (MXN)-loaded chitosan-based cationic mucoadhesive polyelectrolyte nanocapsules (PENs) for the effective treatment of MK. PENs were formulated by polyelectrolyte complex coacervation method and characterized for their particle size, surface charge, morphology, mucoadhesive property, in-vitro and ex-vivo release, ocular tolerance, and antimicrobial efficacy studies. The pharmacodynamic study was conducted on rabbit eye model of induced keratitis and it is compared with marketed formulation (MF). Developed PENs showed the size range from 230.7 ± 0.64 to 249.0 ± 0.49 nm and positive surface charge, spherical shape along with appropriate physico-chemical parameters. Both in-vitro and ex-vivo examination concludes that PENs having more efficiency in sustained release of MXN compared to MF. Ocular irritation studies demonstrated that no corneal damage or ocular irritation. The in-vivo study proved that the anti-bacterial efficacy of PENs was improved when compared with MF. These results suggested that PENs are a feasible choice for MK therapy because of their ability to enhance ocular retention of loaded MXN through interaction with the corneal surface of the mucous membrane.
Sujet(s)
Développement de médicament/méthodes , Kératite/traitement médicamenteux , Moxifloxacine/synthèse chimique , Nanocapsules/composition chimique , Polyélectrolytes/synthèse chimique , Animaux , Antibactériens/administration et posologie , Antibactériens/synthèse chimique , Antibactériens/pharmacocinétique , Embryon de poulet , Cornée/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Cornée/métabolisme , Cornée/microbiologie , Capra , Kératite/métabolisme , Kératite/microbiologie , Moxifloxacine/administration et posologie , Moxifloxacine/pharmacocinétique , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Polyélectrolytes/administration et posologie , Polyélectrolytes/pharmacocinétique , LapinsRÉSUMÉ
Psoriasis is a life-threatening autoimmune inflammatory skin disease, triggered by T lymphocyte. Recently, the drugs most commonly used for the treatment of psoriasis include methotrexate (MTX), cyclosporine (CsA), acitretin, dexamethasone, and salicylic acid. However, conventional formulations due to poor absorptive capacity, inconsistent drug release characteristics, poor capability of selective targeting, poor retention of drug molecules in target tissue, and unintended skin reactions restrict the clinical efficacy of drugs. Advances in topical nanocarriers allow the development of prominent drug delivery platforms can be employed to address the critical issues associated with conventional formulations. Advances in nanocarriers design, nano-dimensional configuration, and surface functionalization allow formulation scientists to develop formulations for a more effective treatment of psoriasis. Moreover, interventions in the size distribution, shape, agglomeration/aggregation potential, and surface chemistry are the significant aspects need to be critically evaluated for better therapeutic results. This review attempted to explore the opportunities and challenges of current revelations in the nano carrier-based topical drug delivery approach used for the treatment of psoriasis.
Sujet(s)
Vecteurs de médicaments/administration et posologie , Systèmes de délivrance de médicaments/tendances , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Psoriasis/traitement médicamenteux , Administration par voie cutanée , Animaux , Ciclosporine/administration et posologie , Ciclosporine/métabolisme , Vecteurs de médicaments/métabolisme , Systèmes de délivrance de médicaments/méthodes , Libération de médicament/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Libération de médicament/physiologie , Humains , Liposomes/administration et posologie , Liposomes/métabolisme , Méthotrexate/administration et posologie , Méthotrexate/métabolisme , Psoriasis/métabolisme , Acide salicylique/administration et posologie , Acide salicylique/métabolismeRÉSUMÉ
In the present study, different in situ hydrogel formulations of docetaxel (DTX) based on biocompatible polymers such as Hyaluronic Acid (HA), poloxamer-407, chitosan and gellan gum were formulated to increase its therapeutic efficacy and reduce toxicity. DTX was loaded in nanovesicles (20 mg/mL equivalent to commercial strength) and further incorporated into the hydrogel bases to possess a dual rationale of protection against burst release and enhanced solubility of the drug. The optimized hydrogel formulation (NV-TPGS-3-GG-4) showed ideal rheological behavior and in situ characteristics at 37±0.5°C with sustained release of more than 144 h. The optimized formulation had instant in vitro gelation (2.8±0.3 min) with good injectability in comparison to the conventional commercial DTX injectable formulation having instant release (<2 h). Additionally, developed formulation exhibited an improved biodisponibility (25.1±0.2 h) in comparison to the commercially available formulation (1.7±0.1 h). The Solid Tumor Carcinoma model in Swiss albino mice revealed that the optimized formulation (based on gellan gum) showed better tumor reduction (85.7±1.2%) and lower toxicity as compared to the commercial formulation (77.3±1.3%). Pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies demonstrated 3 to 4 times higher localization of drug in tumors. Our findings suggested that injectable gellan gum-based in situ hydrogel formulation can be an effective delivery system for DTX with enhanced solubility, reduced toxicity, and better targeting to the tumors for improved therapeutics.Graphical abstract.
Sujet(s)
Antinéoplasiques/administration et posologie , Docetaxel/administration et posologie , Préparation de médicament/méthodes , Systèmes de délivrance de médicaments/méthodes , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Polyosides bactériens/administration et posologie , Animaux , Antinéoplasiques/composition chimique , Antinéoplasiques/métabolisme , Lignée cellulaire tumorale , Préparations à action retardée/administration et posologie , Préparations à action retardée/composition chimique , Préparations à action retardée/métabolisme , Docetaxel/composition chimique , Docetaxel/métabolisme , Femelle , Hydrogels/administration et posologie , Hydrogels/composition chimique , Hydrogels/métabolisme , Souris , Nanocapsules/composition chimique , Polyosides bactériens/composition chimique , Polyosides bactériens/métabolisme , Distribution tissulaire/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Distribution tissulaire/physiologie , Tests d'activité antitumorale sur modèle de xénogreffe/méthodesRÉSUMÉ
Accurate discrimination of inflammations and cancers as well as differential inhibition of cancers are significant for early diagnoses and timely treatments. Nanoparticles have become new modalities for diagnosis and therapy. However, they are still challenged by the efficient delivery of multiple reagents into living cells, discriminating multisignals without any interference, and differential treatments of different diseases. Here, multifunctional spiky topological nanocapsules (STNs) are prepared for the discrimination and differential inhibition of inflammation and cancer. With unique spiky hollow architectures, STNs' advantages including excellent loading capacity, enhanced cellular uptake, DNAs' protection against degradation, target-controlled drug release, and efficient endo-/lysosome escape are demonstrated. Therefore, sequential detection of inflammation-related miR-155 (by external modified hairpin DNAs) and the cancer target of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) (by internal loaded pH-sensitive carbon dots and MCT1 inhibitor-AZD3965) are achieved. Furthermore, the release of AZD3965 from the cavities of STNs is controlled by the miR-155 amount (first target). Therefore, the released drug of AZD3965 realizes the stage-dependent differential treatment of diseases via cellular acidosis induced by MCT1 inhibition. Via in vivo evaluations of normal, inflammatory, and liver cancer cells/mice, as well as the efficient inhibition of tumor growth, the possibility of STN-based discrimination and differential treatment is confirmed. This would encourage new strategies for multidiagnosis and differential treatment of early-stage cancer.
Sujet(s)
Carcinome hépatocellulaire/traitement médicamenteux , Libération de médicament , Inflammation/traitement médicamenteux , Tumeurs du foie/traitement médicamenteux , Transporteurs d'acides monocarboxyliques/antagonistes et inhibiteurs , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Pyrimidinones/pharmacologie , Symporteurs/antagonistes et inhibiteurs , Thiophènes/pharmacologie , Animaux , Apoptose , Carcinome hépatocellulaire/génétique , Carcinome hépatocellulaire/métabolisme , Carcinome hépatocellulaire/anatomopathologie , Mouvement cellulaire , Prolifération cellulaire , Femelle , Humains , Inflammation/génétique , Inflammation/métabolisme , Inflammation/anatomopathologie , Tumeurs du foie/génétique , Tumeurs du foie/métabolisme , Tumeurs du foie/anatomopathologie , Souris , Souris de lignée BALB C , Souris nude , microARN/génétique , Nanocapsules/composition chimique , Pyrimidinones/composition chimique , Thiophènes/composition chimique , Cellules cancéreuses en culture , Tests d'activité antitumorale sur modèle de xénogreffeRÉSUMÉ
Light activatable porphyrinic photosensitizers (PSs) are essential components of anticancer and antimicrobial therapy and diagnostic imaging. However, their biological applications are quite challenging due to the lack of hydrophilicity and biocompatibility. To overcome such drawbacks, photosensitizers can be doped into a biocompatible polymer such as gelatin and further can be used for biomedical applications. Herein, first, a novel A4 type porphyrin PS [5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-pyridylamidephenyl)porphyrin; TPyAPP] was synthesized via a rational route with good yield. Further, this porphyrin was encapsulated into the gelatin nanoparticles (GNPs) to develop hydrophilic phototherapeutic nanoagents (PTNAs, A4por-GNPs). Notably, the synthesis of such porphyrin-doped GNPs avoids the use of any toxic chemicals or solvents. The nanoprobes have also shown good fluorescence quantum yield demonstrating their applicability in bioimaging. Further, the mechanistic aspects of the anticancer and antimicrobial efficacy of the developed A4por-GNPs were evaluated via singlet oxygen generation studies. Overall, our results indicated porphyrin-doped biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles act as effective phototherapeutic agents against a broad range of cancer cell lines and microbes upon activation by the low-cost LED light.
Sujet(s)
Lumière , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Photothérapie dynamique , Photosensibilisants/administration et posologie , Porphyrines/administration et posologie , Matériaux biocompatibles , Lignée cellulaire tumorale , Tests de criblage d'agents antitumoraux , Fluorescence , Cellules HEK293 , Humains , Interactions hydrophobes et hydrophiles , Théorie quantique , Espèces réactives de l'oxygène/métabolismeRÉSUMÉ
To determine whether the permeation capacity and analgesic efficacy of articaine (ATC) could be increased and cytotoxicity decreased by encapsulation in poly(É-caprolactone) nanocapsules (ATCnano), aiming at local or topical anesthesia in dentistry. Cellular viability was evaluated (using the MTT test and fluorescence microscopy) after 1 h and 24 h exposure of HaCaT cells to ATC, ATCnano, ATC with epinephrine (ATCepi), and ATC in nanocapsules with epinephrine (ATCnanoepi). The profiles of permeation of 2% ATC and 2% ATCnano across swine esophageal epithelium were determined using Franz-type vertical diffusion cells. Analgesic efficacy was evaluated with a von Frey anesthesiometer in a postoperative pain model in rats, comparing the 2% ATC, 2% ATCnano, 2% ATCepi, and 2% ATCnanoepi formulations to 4% ATCepi (a commercially available formulation). We show that use of the nanocapsules decreased the toxicity of articaine (P<0.0001) and increased its flux (P = 0.0007). The 2% ATCepi and 4% ATCepi formulations provided higher analgesia success and duration (P<0.05), compared to 2% ATC, 2% ATCnano, and 2% ATCnanoepi. Articaine-loaded poly(É-caprolactone) nanocapsules constitute a promising formulation for intraoral topical anesthesia (prior to local anesthetic injection), although it is not effective when injected in inflamed tissues for pain control, such as irreversible pulpitis.
Sujet(s)
Anesthésie dentaire/méthodes , Anesthésie locale/méthodes , Articaïne/administration et posologie , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Animaux , Lignée cellulaire , Survie cellulaire/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Humains , Kératinocytes/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Rats , Rat WistarRÉSUMÉ
In this study, a comparative efficacy of Cananga odorata EO (CoEO) and its nanoencapsulated formulation into chitosan nanoemulsion (CoEO-CsNe) against a toxigenic strain of Aspergillus flavus (AF-M-K5) were investigated for the first time in order to determine its efficacy in preservation of stored food from fungal, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contamination and lipid peroxidation. GC and GC-MS analysis of CoEO revealed the presence of linalool (24.56%) and benzyl acetate (22.43%) as the major components. CoEO was encapsulated into chitosan nanoemulsion (CsNe) through ionic-gelation technique and characterized by High Resolution-Scanning Electron Microscopy (HR-SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis. The CoEO-CsNe during in vitro investigation against A. flavus completely inhibited the growth and AFB1 production at 1.0 µL/mL and 0.75 µL/mL, respectively. Additionally, CoEO-CsNe showed improved antioxidant activity against DPPH⢠and ABTSâ¢+ with IC50 value 0.93 and 0.72 µL/mL, respectively. Further, CoEO-CsNe suppressed fungal growth, AFB1 secretion and lipid peroxidation in Arachis hypogea L. during in situ investigation without causing any adverse effect on seed germination. Overall results demonstrated that the CoEO-CsNe has potential of being utilized as a suitable plant based antifungal agent to improve the shelf-life of stored food against AFB1 and lipid peroxidation mediated biodeterioration.
Sujet(s)
Antifongiques/administration et posologie , Antioxydants/administration et posologie , Arachis/microbiologie , Aspergillus flavus/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Cananga/composition chimique , Conservateurs alimentaires/administration et posologie , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Huile essentielle/administration et posologie , Huiles végétales/administration et posologie , Aflatoxine B1/métabolisme , Antifongiques/pharmacologie , Antioxydants/pharmacologie , Aspergillus flavus/métabolisme , Évaluation préclinique de médicament , Émulsions , Conservateurs alimentaires/pharmacologie , Chromatographie gazeuse-spectrométrie de masse , Germination/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Technologie de la chimie verte , Concentration inhibitrice 50 , Peroxydation lipidique/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Microscopie électronique à balayage , Huile essentielle/pharmacologie , Huiles végétales/pharmacologie , Graines/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Fourier , Diffraction des rayons XRÉSUMÉ
The SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic has seen rapid spread, disease morbidities and death associated with substantive social, economic and societal impacts. Treatments rely on re-purposed antivirals and immune modulatory agents focusing on attenuating the acute respiratory distress syndrome. No curative therapies exist. Vaccines remain the best hope for disease control and the principal global effort to end the pandemic. Herein, we summarize those developments with a focus on the role played by nanocarrier delivery.
Sujet(s)
Vaccins contre la COVID-19/administration et posologie , COVID-19/prévention et contrôle , Vecteurs de médicaments/administration et posologie , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , SARS-CoV-2/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Animaux , COVID-19/immunologie , Vaccins contre la COVID-19/immunologie , Systèmes de délivrance de médicaments/méthodes , Systèmes de délivrance de médicaments/tendances , Humains , SARS-CoV-2/immunologie , Vaccins antiviraux/administration et posologie , Vaccins antiviraux/immunologieSujet(s)
Animaux , Femelle , Souris , Rats , Maladies des ovins/parasitologie , Monoterpènes/pharmacologie , Tube digestif/parasitologie , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Anthelminthiques/pharmacologie , Nématodoses/médecine vétérinaire , Numération des oeufs de parasites , Maladies des ovins/traitement médicamenteux , Benzimidazoles/pharmacologie , Résistance aux substances/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Ovis/parasitologie , Lévamisole/pharmacologie , Rat Wistar/sang , Tests de toxicité , Tests de sensibilité parasitaire , Monoterpènes/toxicité , Monoterpènes/usage thérapeutique , Nanocapsules/toxicité , Nanocapsules/usage thérapeutique , Réaction de polymérisation en chaine en temps réel , Infections à Haemonchus/traitement médicamenteux , Haemonchus/isolement et purification , Haemonchus/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Helminthoses animales/traitement médicamenteux , Anthelminthiques/toxicité , Anthelminthiques/usage thérapeutique , Souris , Nématodoses/traitement médicamenteuxRÉSUMÉ
Mucoadhesive polymeric nanocapsules have attracted interest of researchers from different fields from natural sciences because of their ability to interact with the mucosa and increase drug permeation. Anesthesia by immersion causes absorption through the skin and gills of fish, so it is important to evaluate the exposure of these organs to drug nanosystems. Benzocaine (BENZ) is one of the most popular anesthetic agents used in fish anesthesia, but it has drawbacks because of its low bioavailability, resulting in weak absorption after immersion. Here we describe method developed for preparing and characterizing chitosan-coated PLGA mucoadhesive nanoparticles containing BENZ (NPMAs) for zebrafish immersion anesthesia. We determined the lowest effective concentration, characterized the interaction of the mucoadhesive system with fish, measured the anesthetic efficacy, and evaluated possible toxic effects in embryos and adults exposed to the nanoformulations. This study opens perspectives for using nanoformulations prepared with BENZ in aquaculture, allowing reduction of dosage as well as promoting more effective anesthesia and improved interaction with the mucoadhesive system of fish.
Sujet(s)
Anesthésie/médecine vétérinaire , Benzocaïne/administration et posologie , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Danio zébré , Animaux , Aquaculture , Chitosane/administration et posologie , Chitosane/toxicité , Vecteurs de médicaments/administration et posologie , Vecteurs de médicaments/toxicité , Libération de médicament , Branchies/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Nanocapsules/toxicité , Peau/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiquesRÉSUMÉ
Artemisinin (ART) was initially described for the control of inflammation and pain. However, the mechanisms involved with its antinociceptive effect are still poorly understood. Thus, this present study aimed to investigate the effect of ART in both free and nanocapsulated form on postoperative pain, as well as the participation of the spinal Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in this process. Postoperative pain was induced using the skin/muscle incision retraction (SMIR) model in male Swiss mice. After 3 and 28 days of SMIR, the animals received an intrathecal injection of free or nanocapsulated ART, and the nociceptive threshold was evaluated by von Frey filament test. To evaluate the involvement of the microglia, astrocytes, and TLR4, minocycline (a microglia inhibitor), fluorocitrate (an astrocyte inhibitor), and Lipopolysaccharide Rhodobacter sphaeroides (LPS-RS), a TLR4 antagonist, were intrathecally injected on the third day of SMIR. The levels of spinal TLR4 protein and proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-1-beta (IL-1ß) were quantified by western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The results showed that free ART reduced postoperative pain (P < 0.001, F5,30 = 7.49, 16.66% for 1000 ng dose; and P < 0.01, F5,30 = 7.49, 14.58% for 500 ng dose) on the 3rd day of SMIR; while the ART nanocapsule had this effect on both the third (P < 0.001; F5,30 = 4.94; 43.75, 39.58 and 72.91% for the 250, 500 and 1000 ng doses, respectively) and 28th (P < 0.05; F5,30 = 7.71; 29.16 and 33.33% for the 500 and 1000 ng doses, respectively) day. The ART nanocapsule had a more potent and longer antinociceptive effect than free ART or morphine. Postoperative pain was also reduced by minocycline and LPS-RS. The ART nanocapsule also reduced the increased levels of TLR4, TNF-α, and IL-1ß induced by SMIR. These data suggest that the ART nanocapsule has a potent analgesic effect on postoperative pain at the spinal level, and this response involves the inhibition of TLR4 and the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1ß.
Sujet(s)
Analgésiques/pharmacologie , Artémisinines/pharmacologie , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Douleur postopératoire/traitement médicamenteux , Moelle spinale/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Récepteur de type Toll-4/antagonistes et inhibiteurs , Animaux , Cytokines/métabolisme , Hyperalgésie/traitement médicamenteux , Hyperalgésie/métabolisme , Mâle , Souris , Microglie/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Microglie/métabolisme , Douleur postopératoire/métabolisme , Moelle spinale/métabolisme , Régulation positive/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiquesRÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: The control of schistosomiasis has been centered to date on a single drug, praziquantel, with shortcomings including treatment failure, reinfection, and emergence of drug resistance. Drug repurposing, combination therapy or nanotechnology were explored to improve antischistosomal treatment. The aim of the present study was to utilize a novel combination of the three strategies to improve the therapeutic profile of praziquantel. This was based on a fixed-dose nanocombination of praziquantel and miltefosine, an antischistosomal repurposing candidate, co-loaded at reduced doses into lipid nanocapsules, for single dose oral therapy. METHODS: Two nanocombinations were prepared to provide 250 mg praziquantel-20 mg miltefosine/kg (higher fixed-dose) or 125 mg praziquantel-10 mg miltefosine/kg (lower fixed-dose), respectively. Their antischistosomal efficacy in comparison with a non-treated control and their praziquantel or miltefosine singly loaded counterparts was assessed in murine schistosomiasis mansoni. A single oral dose of either formulation was administered on the initial day of infection, and on days 21 and 42 post-infection. Scanning electron microscopic, parasitological, and histopathological studies were used for assessment. Preclinical data were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey's post-hoc test for pairwise comparisons. RESULTS: Lipid nanocapsules (~ 58 nm) showed high entrapment efficiency of both drugs (> 97%). Compared to singly loaded praziquantel-lipid nanocapsules, the higher nanocombination dose showed a significant increase in antischistosomal efficacy in terms of statistically significant decrease in mean worm burden, particularly against invasive and juvenile worms, and amelioration of hepatic granulomas (P ≤ 0.05). In addition, scanning electron microscopy examination showed extensive dorsal tegumental damage with noticeable deposition of nanostructures. CONCLUSIONS: The therapeutic profile of praziquantel could be improved by a novel multiple approach integrating drug repurposing, combination therapy and nanotechnology. Multistage activity and amelioration of liver pathology could be achieved by a new praziquantel-miltefosine fixed-dose nanocombination providing 250 mg praziquantel-20 mg miltefosine/kg. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a fixed-dose nano-based combinatorial therapy for schistosomiasis mansoni. Further studies are needed to document the nanocombination safety and explore its prophylactic activity and potential to hinder the onset of resistance to the drug components.
Sujet(s)
Phosphoryl-choline/analogues et dérivés , Praziquantel/administration et posologie , Schistosoma mansoni/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Schistosomiase à Schistosoma mansoni/traitement médicamenteux , Schistosomicides/administration et posologie , Administration par voie orale , Animaux , Modèles animaux de maladie humaine , Association médicamenteuse , Préparation de médicament , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Souris , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Phosphoryl-choline/administration et posologie , Phosphoryl-choline/composition chimique , Praziquantel/composition chimique , Schistosoma mansoni/croissance et développement , Schistosomiase à Schistosoma mansoni/parasitologieRÉSUMÉ
PURPOSE: Design imiquimod-loaded chitosan nanocapsules for transdermal delivery and evaluate the depth of imiquimod transdermal absorption as well as the kinetics of this absorption using Raman Microscopy, an innovative strategy to evaluate transdermal absorption. This nanovehicle included Compritol 888ATO®, a novel excipient for formulating nanosystems whose administration through the skin has not been studied until now. METHODS: Nanocapsules were made by solvent displacement method and their physicochemical properties was measured by DLS and laser-Doppler. For transdermal experiments, newborn pig skin was used. The Raman spectra were obtained using a laser excitation source at 532 nm and a 20/50X oil immersion objective. RESULTS: The designed nanocapsules, presented nanometric size (180 nm), a polydispersity index <0.2 and a zeta potential +17. The controlled release effect of Compritol was observed, with the finding that half of the drug was released at 24 h in comparison with control (p < 0.05). It was verified through Raman microscopy that imiquimod transdermal penetration is dynamic, the nanocapsules take around 50 min to penetrate the stratum corneum and 24 h after transdermal administration, the drug was in the inner layers of the skin. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated the utility of Raman Microscopy to evaluate the drugs transdermal penetration of in the different layers of the skin. Graphical Abstract New imiquimod nanocapsules: evaluation of their skin absorption by Raman Microscopy and effect of the compritol 888ATO® in the imiquimod release profile.
Sujet(s)
Chitosane/pharmacocinétique , Systèmes de délivrance de médicaments/méthodes , Acides gras/pharmacocinétique , Imiquimod/pharmacocinétique , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Peau/métabolisme , Administration par voie cutanée , Animaux , Chitosane/administration et posologie , Chitosane/composition chimique , Acides gras/administration et posologie , Acides gras/composition chimique , Imiquimod/administration et posologie , Imiquimod/composition chimique , Nanocapsules/composition chimique , Microscopie optique non linéaire/méthodes , Absorption cutanée , SuidaeRÉSUMÉ
INTRODUCTION: Adoptive T-cell immunotherapy emerged as a powerful and promising cancer therapy, as the problem regarding the immuno-reaction between different donors and recipients can be avoided. However, this approach is challenging. After long cultivation and expansion under laboratory media conditions, T-cells are losing their viability and function due to immune checkpoint proteins, leading to decreased efficiency in killing cancer cells. Therefore, a new strategy to improve T-cell survival and function is needed. With the advantages of nanotechnology and the biocompatibility of silica-based material, silica nanocapsules (SiNCs) provide an ideal delivery system to transport therapeutic biomolecules to T-cells. Up to now, there is a lack of cellular uptake studies of nanocarriers towards T-cells. METHODS: We systematically studied the influence of various physicochemical properties such as sizes, core hydrophobicities, surface charges, and surface functionalities of SiNC for their impact on cellular uptake and toxicity in CD8+ T-cells by flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Cytokine secretion assay was performed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. To identify suitable uptake conditions for SiNCs into CD8+ T-cells, the impact of human serum in cell culture medium was also investigated. RESULTS: The major impact on cellular uptake and toxicity was found to be size- and dose-dependent. Smaller sizes of SiNCs than 100 nm caused significant toxicity to the cells. It was found that the formed protein corona reduced the toxicity of the SiNCs. However, it also inhibited their uptake. CONCLUSION: Overall, we present a set of different criteria for a suitable design of nanocarriers and cell culture conditions, which need to be carefully considered for T-cell immunotherapy in vitro to facilitate uptake while avoiding toxicity.
Sujet(s)
Lymphocytes T CD8+/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Vecteurs de médicaments/composition chimique , Vecteurs de médicaments/pharmacocinétique , Nanocapsules/administration et posologie , Nanocapsules/composition chimique , Vecteurs de médicaments/administration et posologie , Électrophorèse sur gel de polyacrylamide , Cytométrie en flux , Humains , Interactions hydrophobes et hydrophiles , Microscopie confocale , Couronne de protéines/composition chimique , Silice/composition chimiqueRÉSUMÉ
PURPOSE: Gallic acid (GA) is a polyphenolic compound with proven efficacy against hepatic fibrosis in experimental animals. However, it suffers from poor bioavailability and rapid clearance that hinders its clinical investigation. Accordingly, we designed and optimized reverse micelle-loaded lipid nanocapsules (RMLNC) using Box-Behnken design that can deliver GA directly into activated-hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs) aiming to suppress hepatic fibrosis progression. METHODS: GA-RMLNC was prepared using soft energy, solvent free phase inversion temperature method. Effects of formulation variables on particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency (EE%) and GA release were studied. In-vivo biodistribution of GA-RMLNC in rats and in-vitro activities on aHSCs were also explored. RESULTS: Nano-sized GA-RMLNCs (30.35 ± 2.34 nm) were formulated with high GA-EE% (63.95 ± 2.98% w/w) and physical stability (9 months). The formulated system showed burst GA release in the first 2 h followed by sustained release profile. In-vivo biodistribution imaging revealed that RMLNC-loaded with rhodamine-B accumulated mainly in rats' livers. Relative to GA; GA-RMLNC displayed higher anti-proliferative activities, effective internalization into aHSCs, marked down-regulation in pro-fibrogenic biomarkers' expressions and elevated HSCs' apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: These findings emphasize the promising application of RMLNC as a delivery system in hepatic fibrosis treatment, where successful delivery of GA into aHSCs was ensured via increased cellular uptake and antifibrotic activities.