Impact of COVID-19 on pediatric dental care in two epicenters: Italy and Brazil.

The study aimed to compare the adherence of Brazilian and Italian pediatric dentists to the biosafety measures and operative protocols recommended by the health authorities during COVID-19 pandemic and to classify the participants according to their risk of infection. An online questionnaire with 34 questions about sociodemographic and occupational data, dental practice organization, biological risk management, and clinical operative protocols was sent to Brazilian and Italian pediatric dentists using a convenience sampling strategy. Chi-square test and multivariate analysis (two-step cluster) were performed (α = 5%). Of 641 respondents (377 Brazilians and 264 Italians), most were female (94% and 70%, respectively), aged 20-39 years (63%), with over 10 years of professional experience (58% and 49%, respectively). Based on adherence to recommended biosafety measures, participants were classified as "safer" (n = 219) or "less safe" (n = 422). Adherence to recommended protocols by the majority of participants resulted in low contagion rates (Brazilians = 5%; Italians = 12.5%). Participants with extensive professional experience in the dental setting exhibited a greater tendency to implement multiple adaptations (three or more) in their practice. Most participants (Brazilians = 92%; Italians = 80.7%) adopted the recommended minimal intervention dentistry approaches, with the use of fissure sealants and the use of non-rotary instruments for caries removal the most frequently techniques used among Brazilians (36%) and Italians (66%), respectively. Two different profiles of pediatric dentists were identified based on the biosafety protocols adopted during the pandemic. In addition, changes were implemented in the dental care provided to children, with focus on the minimal intervention dentistry.

Outpatient dental procedures carried out by Pediatric Dentists within Brazil's public healthcare system.

Brazil's public healthcare system (SUS) offers specialized oral health services to Brazilians, but the productivity of specialists, such as Pediatric Dentists, has not been characterized. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the outpatient dental procedures (ODPs) carried out by Pediatric Dentists within the SUS. An epidemiological study with an ecological, longitudinal, retrospective, and quantitative approach was conducted. The ODPs carried out by Pediatric Dentists within the SUS were characterized based on type of procedure, complexity level, and circumstance (urgent or elective). Data were analyzed using a descriptive and analytical approach, considering a significance level of 5%, as well as the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (the 2020-2022 years were not included in secondary analyses). In the last 15 years, 29,234,972 ODPs were carried out by Pediatric Dentists within the SUS. Clinical procedures were the majority (55.4%), significantly more frequent than all other types of procedures (all p <0.05). Among these, restorative and periodontal procedures were the most common (30.7% and 21.0%, respectively). From 2008 to 2019, excluding COVID-19 pandemic years, the trend over the last 15 years was constant for all types of procedures (all p >0.05). In addition, low complexity ODPs were the majority (90.1%), significantly more frequent than medium (9.7%) and high complexity procedures (0.1%) (both p <0.05). At last, most ODPs were not characterized by circumstance in the outpatient production reports (96.9%). Therefore, it was possible to conclude that Pediatric Dentists carried out diverse ODPs within the SUS over the past 15 years, although there was a dominant pattern of type and complexity.

Procedimentos odontopediátricos realizados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde no Rio Grande do Sul, antes e durante a pandemia de covid-19: diferença entre os anos de 2018 e 2021 / Procedimientos de odontopediatría realizados en el Sistema Único de Salud del estado de Rio Grande do Sul antes y durante la pandemia de COVID-19: diferencia entre los años 2018 y 2021 / Pediatric dentistry procedures performed within the Brazilian National Health System in the state of Rio Grande do Sul before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: difference between the years 2018 and 2021

Objective: to analyze the difference in the number of primary teeth dental procedures performed within the Brazilian National Health System (SUS) in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: this was a descriptive ecological study, using secondary data from the SUS Outpatient Information System (SIA-SUS), from 2018 to 2021, in the state and in its seven health macro-regions; we calculated the relative and absolute frequencies and the percentage difference of the dental procedures performed. Results: 94,443 and 36,151 dental procedures were recorded before and during the pandemic, respectively, corresponding to a 61.7% reduction; relevant percentage reductions were found in restorative procedures, which reached 20% in the southern region of the state; an increase in the percentage of exodontic and endodontic procedures was found. Conclusion: the results suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic had negative repercussions on the performance of primary teeth dental procedures in Rio Grande do Sul.

Objetivo: analizar la diferencia en el número de procedimientos odontológicos en dentición temporal realizados en el Sistema Único de Salud del estado de Rio Grande do Sul, antes y durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: estudio ecológico descriptivo, utilizando datos secundarios del Sistema de Información Ambulatorio del SUS (SIA-SUS), de 2018 a 2021, en el estado y en las siete macrorregiones de salud. Se calcularon las frecuencias relativas, absolutas y la diferencia porcentual de los procedimientos odontológicos realizados. Resultados: se registraron 94.443 y 36.151 procedimientos odontológicos antes y durante la pandemia, respectivamente, lo que corresponde a una reducción del 61,7%. Se observaron reducciones porcentuales relevantes en los procedimientos restaurativos, que alcanzaron 20 puntos porcentuales en la región sur del estado. Se observó un aumento en el porcentaje de procedimientos de exodoncia y endodoncia. Conclusión: los resultados sugieren que la pandemia de COVID-19 tuvo repercusiones negativas en la realización de procedimientos odontológicos en dentición temporal en el estado.

Objetivo: analisar a diferença no número de procedimentos odontológicos na dentição decídua, realizados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, antes e durante a pandemia de covid-19. Métodos: estudo ecológico descritivo, utilizando-se dados secundários do Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais do SUS (SIA/SUS), de 2018 a 2021, no estado e em suas sete macrorregiões de saúde; foram calculadas as frequências relativas e absolutas, e a diferença percentual dos procedimentos odontológicos realizados. Resultados: foram registrados 94.443 e 36.151 procedimentos odontológicos antes e durante a pandemia, respectivamente, correspondendo a uma redução de 61,7%; reduções percentuais relevantes foram observadas nos procedimentos restauradores, atingindo 20 pontos percentuais na região Sul do estado; observou-se aumento no percentual de procedimentos exodônticos e endodônticos. Conclusão: os resultados sugerem que a pandemia de covid-19 teve repercussões negativas sobre a realização dos procedimentos odontológicos na dentição decídua, no estado.

Job Satisfaction and Relocation Desire among Pediatric Dentists in Puerto Rico.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the levels of satisfaction, license status, and desire to relocate of pediatric dentists in Puerto Rico. METHODS: Pediatric dentists in Puerto Rico were surveyed via telephone interviews. Data were collected through a 34-item questionnaire that explored satisfaction as related to income, continuing education, professional goals, and participation in the Mi Salud program. Frequencies, chi-square analysis, and Fisher's exact 2-tailed t-test were utilized to determine the relationships between satisfaction and the demographics of the pediatric dentists. RESULTS: Sixty pediatric dentists participated in our survey-77% of the total number of pediatric dentists practicing in Puerto Rico. Overall, 65% of the participating pediatric dentists expressed dissatisfaction. Male pediatric dentists were more dissatisfied than their female colleagues were. Most pediatric dentists participating in Mi Salud expressed dissatisfaction. When asked about whether or not they had considered migrating to the mainland, those who were dissatisfied were more likely to have considered that idea than were those who were satisfied. Overall, 57% of the pediatric dentists comprising our sample had considered relocating to the continental United States. CONCLUSION: In general, the pediatric dentists who participated in our study expressed dissatisfaction in most areas except when asked about their ability to reach professional goals. Determining the levels of satisfaction of health care providers is important in the maintaining of an adequate workforce. As current levels of dissatisfaction are high, it is important to determine what variables are related to satisfaction so that corrective measures can be taken to ensure that retention rates improve, thereby maintaining an adequate pediatric dental workforce.

Minimal intervention dentistry procedures: a ten year retrospective study.

UNLABELLED: Minimal Intervention Dentistry (MID) is an effective treatment approach with increasing acceptance among dental professionals. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the MID impact on Dentistry by analyzing procedures performed on patients treated at a Pediatric Dentistry Graduate Program clinic which implemented MID. STUDY DESIGN: The number of procedures including sealants, modified atraumatic restorative treatment (mART), resin crowns, direct pulp capping, pulpotomy, pulpectomy, and deciduous/ permanent extractions from 333 pediatric patients treated between the years 2001 to 2003 and 2008 to 2010 in Distrito Federal, Brazil were analyzed. Statistical analysis involved chi-square and G Williams tests. RESULTS: 783 procedures were analyzed and demonstrated that there was a significant reduction of sealant placement in the last triennium when compared to the first one (p<0.0001). Moreover, there was a significant increase in the amount of mART (p<0.0001). This increase in mART procedures resulted in a significant reduction in procedures with pulp involvement: direct pulp capping (p=0.0014), pulpotomy (p=0.0014) and pulpectomy (p=0.0002). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results, MID represented a positive impact on the intervention on caries lesions in patients, mainly reflected by the significant reduction in the number of direct pulp capping, pulpotomy and pulpectomy.

Cistos radiculares em incisivos decíduos traumatizados: série de casos / Radicular cysts in traumatized primary teeth: case series

Este estudo buscou verificar a ocorrência de casos de cisto radicular em incisivos superiores decíduos traumatizados e descrever suas características relacionadas à criança, ao dente, ao trauma e ao cisto. Para tanto, realizou-se um levantamento das informações clínicas e radiográficas, de 2498 prontuários de pacientes atendidos na Clínica do Centro de Pesquisa e Atendimento de Traumatismo de Dentes Decíduos da Disciplina de Odontopediatria da FOUSP, no período de 1998 a setembro de 2013. Foi utilizado o método exploratório descritivo de uma série de casos. Foram avaliados 30 prontuários com casos de cistos, totalizando 32 incisivos superiores decíduos traumatizados com cisto. A ocorrência de cisto em pacientes com incisivos superiores decíduos traumatizados foi de 1,2%. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos cistos acometeram o gênero feminino (59,4%), os incisivos centrais superiores decíduos (93,8%), em crianças maiores de 5 anos (81,2%), mas que sofreram traumatismos com menos de 4 anos de idade (81,2%). A maioria dos casos não apresentou alteração clínica que levasse a suspeita de lesão cística, pois não foi encontrado em 90,7% retração gengival, 65,6% alteração de cor da mucosa vestibular, 65,6% fistula, 75% abscesso, 56,2% abaulamento gengival, 78,1% depressão da mucosa vestibular e 56,3% flutuação cistíca. A alteração clínica mais frequente foi a alteração de cor da coroa (56,3%). A média da idade do paciente no momento do trauma foi de 2,7 anos e do diagnóstico do cisto de 5,9 anos, sendo que a média de tempo do trauma até o diagnóstico do cisto foi de 2,8 anos. Em 46,9% dos dentes ocorreu trauma dental. A maioria dos traumas foram de baixa severidade (59,3%)

Em 46,8% dos casos, o dente decíduo envolvido na lesão apresentava maior formação radicular que seu homólogo e em 62,5% o germe sucessor do dente decíduo com a lesão cística encontrava-se em estágio de Nolla anterior que o homólogo. A maioria das lesões císticas (81,2%) não envolveu dentes adjacentes, mas promoveram deslocamento de germes em 56,2%. Na dentição permanente foram encontrados repercussões em 31,3,% dos casos e retenção prolongada do permanente em 15,6%. Diante dos achados deste estudo observou-se que o cisto radicular em incisivos decíduos traumatizados é raro, assume um perfil menos agressivo, de crescimento controlado e necessitando de um tempo longo para se desenvolver. Além do mais, parece causar sequelas menos danosas às dentições, influenciar no processo de rizólise e rizogênese e estar relacionado a traumas de baixa severidade. O diagnóstico deve ser realizado pelos achados radiográficos, sendo que a reabsorção radicular externa sem formação óssea, assimetria no tamanho do folículo do germe dentário sucessor ao dente envolvido com a lesão cística e o folículo homólogo, bem como a diferença de altura e/ou posição entre os germes dentários homólogos deveriam ser considerados como sinais radiográficos no diagnóstico de cistos radiculares.

The present study aimed to verify the occurrence of radicular cyst in traumatized primary upper incisors and describe their characteristics in relation to the children, teeth, trauma and cysts. The survey of 2, 498 patients that presented and were treated at the Research and Clinical Center of Dental Trauma in Primary Teeth of the School of Dentistry of the University of Sao Paulo from 1998 to September 2013 was carried out, in order to collect clinical and radiographic information. A descriptive and exploratory approach was taken in the study. A total of thirty clinical records involving radicular cysts included thirty two traumatized primary upper incisors were studied in detail. The overall occurrence of cysts in patients with traumatized primary incisors was 1.2% with females affected more (59.4%) often than males 93.8% involved the upper central incisors. 81.2% of the children were older than 5 year of age but suffered traumatic injuries before 4 years old. In most cases, gingival recession (90.7%); color change of the vestibular mucosa (65.6%); fistula (65.6%); abscess (75%); gingival bulging (56.2%); depression of the vestibular mucosa (78.1%) and cystic fluctuation (56.3%) were not present showing no clinical alterations that might suggest cystic lesion. The most frequent clinical alteration was the color change of the crown (56.3%). The mean patient age at the time of traumatic injury was 2.7 years and the diagnosis of cyst at 5.9 years, and the mean time from trauma to diagnosis of cysts was 2.8 years. The hard tissue trauma occurred in 46.9% of teeth. Most injuries (59.3%) were of low severity.

The radicular formation in the primary tooth involved in the lesion in 46.8% of cases was larger than its homologous and 62.5 % of cases the successor tooth germ of primary tooth with the cystic lesion was at a Nolla stage earlier than the homologous. The majority (81.2%) of cystic lesions did not involve adjacent teeth but promoted displacement of tooth germs in 56.2%. Repercussions in the permanent dentition were found in 31.3% of cases and prolonged retention of permanent in 15.6%. Given the findings, this study observed that the radicular cyst in traumatized primary incisors is rare. It assumes a less aggressive profile, controlled growth and requiring a long time to develop. Moreover, it seems to cause less harmful sequelae in dentitions, influence the process of root resorption and root formation and is associated with low severity trauma. The diagnosis must be made by radiographic findings. An external root resorption without bone formation, asymmetry in size between dental follicle (dental follicle of successor germ to the primary tooth involved with the cystic lesion and th homologous tooth follicle) and the difference in height and/or position between homologous teeth germs should also be considered amongst the radiographic signs in the diagnosis of radicular cysts.

Dental emergencies in a university pediatric dentistry clinic: a retrospective study.

A significant number of children visit a dentist for the first time due to emergency situations. However, little is known regarding the prevalence, etiology, and treatment provided for children at emergency dental visits. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of children attending a dental school emergency clinic, the reasons for seeking dental care, and the treatment provided. Records of 270 patients who attended an emergency clinic during 2010 were analyzed, and 253 were selected. Demographic, diagnostic, and procedural information was collected. The mean child age was 7.8 years. For 208 children (82%), pain was the main reason for the emergency visit. Nearly 79% of the visits were due to caries, and the most frequently required treatment was endodontic intervention (31.22%). Of the decayed teeth, 61.70% were primary posterior teeth and 31.9% permanent posterior teeth. Pain caused by dental decay was the most frequent chief complaint. A large number of children were brought to the dentist with complaints that had started long before, for which over-the-counter medications had been used.

Dental emergencies in a university pediatric dentistry clinic: a retrospective study

A significant number of children visit a dentist for the first time due to emergency situations. However, little is known regarding the prevalence, etiology, and treatment provided for children at emergency dental visits. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of children attending a dental school emergency clinic, the reasons for seeking dental care, and the treatment provided. Records of 270 patients who attended an emergency clinic during 2010 were analyzed, and 253 were selected. Demographic, diagnostic, and procedural information was collected. The mean child age was 7.8 years. For 208 children (82%), pain was the main reason for the emergency visit. Nearly 79% of the visits were due to caries, and the most frequently required treatment was endodontic intervention (31.22%). Of the decayed teeth, 61.70% were primary posterior teeth and 31.9% permanent posterior teeth. Pain caused by dental decay was the most frequent chief complaint. A large number of children were brought to the dentist with complaints that had started long before, for which over-the-counter medications had been used.

Frecuencia de pérdida de primeros molares permanentes en niños que acudieron al servicio de cirugía de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción en el año 2010 / Ferceuncia loss of first permanent molars in children we hire the surgery department of the Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Asuncion in 2010

El primer molar permanente es una pieza fundamental en la cavidad bucal, realiza el levante de mordida en la dentición permanente, estabiliza la oclusión y favorece la masticación. Es una pieza clave para la armonía oclusal y por desconocimiento de los padres suele ser una de las primeras piezas permanentes en perderse. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo de corte transversal con componente analítico temporalmente restrospectivo, en la cátedra de Odontopediatría e Higiene de la Facultad de Odontología, de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción, con el objetivo de determinar la frecuencia de pérdida de primeros molares permanentes. La muestra estuvo constituída por 100 niños que acudieron al servicio de cirugía en el año 2010. La frecuencia de exodoncia fue 75%, el 65% de la muestra correspondió al sexo femenino y 35% a niños con dentición permanente. Mayor cantidad de molares fueron extraídos en la arcada inferior, siendo mayor el número en el lado izquierdo. Considerando la alta frecuencia, se realizaron charlas educativas destinadas a los padres que acompañaron a sus hijos a la institución, para concienciar a los mismos sobre la importancia de la higiene bucal para la preservación de los dientes, dando especial énfasis al primer molar permanente explicando la importancia de su mantenimiento en boca y su etapa de erupción, considerando que por lo general se lo confunde con un diente de leche

Conhecimento de pais sobre saúde bucal na primeira infância / Knowledge of parents about oral health in early childhood

Objetivo: Este estudo descritivo teve o propósito de avaliar o conhecimento de pais em relação à saúde bucal dos bebês atendidos no setor de Puericultura do Hospital Universitário Lauro Wanderley, em João Pessoa, PB. Métodos: A amostra correspondeu a 70 pais de bebês atendidos no mês de agosto de 2006. Para coleta de dados se utilizou um questionário anônimo e autoaplicável, contendo perguntas objetivas, relativas a dados socioeconômicos e culturais dos pais e saúde bucal na primeira infância. A análise dos dados foi realizada pelo programa estatístico Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SPSS v.11.0, trabalhados sob forma de estatística descritiva. Resultados: Observou-se que 51,4% dos pesquisados desconheciam a transmissibilidade da cárie dentária 42,8% acreditavam no aparecimento desta doença devido a um único fator 54,3% necessitavam de grande quantidade de dentifrício para escovação dos dentes de seus bebês e 15,7% responderam adequadamente quanto à idade ideal para o início da higiene bucal do bebê (antes da erupção dentária). Conclusão: Houve conhecimento limitado dos participantes da pesquisa sobre Odontologia na primeira infância, evidenciando a necessidade da implementação de programas de educação continuada sobre o tema.

Preferência da criança pelo gênero do ondontopediatra / Children’s preference for the odontopediatric gender

O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a preferência da criança pelo gênero do cirurgião dentista quanto ao seu atendimento odontopediátrico. A amostra consistiu de 34 crianças, 16 meninas e 18 meninos, matriculados em uma escola pública de Belo Horizonte, MG, e seus pais. A idade das crianças variou de 4 a 6 anos. Foram enviados aos pais das crianças o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido e um questionário abordando as experiências da criança com o atendimento médico e odontológico. A seguir, para cada criança foram mostradas 2 fotografias, sendo uma de um dentista do gênero masculino e outra do gênero feminino, e perguntado qual dos dois ela gostaria que fosse o seu dentista. A maioria das crianças entrevistadas (62%)preferiu ser atendida pelo dentista do sexo feminino, assim como os pais (68%). O gênero da criança mostrou ser a única variável que influenciou sua escolha. A chance de uma criança ter preferência por ser atendida por dentista de gênero igual ao dela foi 15 vezes maior do que a de ela preferir um profissional de gênero oposto, independentemente das demais variáveis (p=0,04). Conclui-se que o gênero da criança está diretamente associado à sua opção pelo gênero do cirurgião dentista que o atenderá, ou seja, as meninas preferencialmente gostariam de ser atendidas por dentistas mulheres, enquanto que os meninos preferiram ser atendidos por dentistas homens.

Quistes de los maxilares en niños: un análisis clínico / Jaw cysts in children: a clinical analysis

Objetivo: Realizar una evaluación epidemiológica de los quistes odontogénicos en pacientes de 0 a 14 años de edad, verificando cuáles son las lesiones de mayor incidencia entre estas edades. Métodos: Fueron evaluadas 100 fichas histopatológicas de lesiones diagnosticadas como quistes de naturaleza odontogénica, enfatizando las características clínicas (género, edad, tipo de lesión quística, localización anatómica y tamaño de la lesión) y radiográficas. Resultados: Fue observado que el género masculino, con edad media de 9, 78 años, así como las regiones posterior de mandíbula y anterior de la maxila fueron más comprometidos. El quiste dentígero fue la lesión más común, seguida del quiste radicular. Se observó además, que en la muestra evaluada el aspecto radiográfico unilocular y las lesiones asintomáticas fueron las más frecuentes. Conclusiones: Se concluyó que es muy importante realizar este tipo de estudios, una vez que a través de ellos podemos conocer la frecuencia e incidencia de diversas lesiones, principalmente en pacientes pediátricos, en los cuales poco se conoce sobre la prevalencia de las lesiones quísticas de los maxilares.

Objective: To realize an epidemiologic survey of odontogenic cysts in patients from 0 to 14 years old in order to find out the most prevalent lesions of each age period. Methods: 100 histopathologic files of lesions diagnosed as cysts of odontogenic origin were retrieved emphasing their clinic (cystic lesion pattern, gender, age, anatomical site and lesion lenght) and radiographic features, which the surgical specimens were forwarded for the Oral Pathology Service of UFRN. Results: It could be identified that either the male gender, with an age average of 9,78 years, or the mandible posterior and the anterior maxilla region were more involved. Dentigerous cyst was the most prevalent lesions, followed by the radicular cyst. Moreover, a unilocular radiolucence and asymptomatic lesions were more common in the sample. Conclusions: To sum up, it can be infered the outstanding relevance of studies like the present since that it is through than that it can be reached the knowledge of the frequency and incidence of several lesions, especially in paediatric patients in as much as the few knowledge of the cystic lesion prevalence in their jaws.

Relação entre nível de escolaridade de mães e percepção sobre saúde bucal de bebês / Association between the educational background of moters and their knowledge on oral health of babies

Neste estudo avaliou-se a percepção das mães em relação à saúde bucal de seus bebês, correlacionando com o nível de escolaridade das mesmas. A amostra foi constituída de setenta e oito mães que responderam um questionário que abordava os conhecimentos sobre saúde bucal. Os resultados mostraram correlação estatisticamente significante (teste de coeficiente de correlação de Spearman R=0,50) entre grau de conhecimento das mães sobre saúde bucal e nível de escolaridade. Concluiu-se que quanto maior o nível de escolaridade das mães, maior o conhecimento sobre saúde bucal e que há necessidade de maiores esclarecimentos destas mães sobre este assunto.

This study evaluated mothers’ perception about oral health of their babies and its correlation with mother's education levels. Seventy eight mothers completed a questionnaire enquiring their dental health knowledge. The results showed that mother's education levels influence the perception of their babie's oral heath, and that they do not have enough knowledge about the required procedures for children's health. It could be concluded that the lower the mother's education levels, the lower is the oral health perception. Therefore, dental professionals should provide mothers with more explanation regarding this subject.

Variações do comportamento de bebês em visitas odontológicas / Babies' behavior at dental visits

Este trabalho se propôs observar as variações do comportamento de bebês, a partir de 6 a 36 meses de idade, após 3 primeiras visitas de rotina, realizadas de 6 em 6 meses. Foram analisados prontuários de 100 pacientes atendidos na Clínica de bebês, 52 do sexo feminino e 48 do sexo masculino. Adotou-se classificar a conduta em: BOM, REGULAR e RUIM. Foi utilizado o programa Epi Info versão 6.04, para análise estatística dos dados. Os resultados indicaram que na primeira visita, 87% dos bebês de 6 a 12 meses tiveram BOM comportamento, 9% REGULAR e 4% RUIM (x2 = 33,01; O.R=6,97 (3,28; 15,00)). Na segunda visita, apenas 49% obtiveram BOM, enquanto 39% apresentaram comportamento REGULAR e 12% RUIM. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que é muito importante e oportuno o bebê ser levado à primeira consulta odontológica, aos 6 meses de idade, quando há uma melhor tolerância ao contato com estranhos, pré-dispondo uma interação satisfatória do pequeno paciente com o profissional

General anesthesia: as a challenge and treatment need option in pediatric dentistry

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the type and characteristics of the interventions, indications of dental treatment and procedures performed to patients treated under general anesthesia (GA) by pediatric dentistry residents, during the 1997-1999 period. METHOD: A sample of 57 hospital records of patients treated as part of the Special Pediatric Course at the Puerto Rico Pediatric Hospital were reviewed. Statistical analysis was done using the chi-square test for inferences on proportions. RESULTS: MR patients made up 59.7and NMR patients made up 40.3of the sample studied. Ages ranged from 2 to 35 years with a mean age of 11 years (SD=8.54). MR patients were classified into 7 categories: mental retardation (38.2), cerebral palsy (14.7), epileptic (5.9), mental syndromes (26.9), hydrocephalic (5.9), autism (5.9) and others (2.9). The NMR were classified into 5 categories: early childhood caries (65.2), cardiac patients (8.7), maxillofacial anomalies (4.3), organic syndromes (13.1) and others (8.7). The dental procedures performed were: dental extractions 84(MR) and 68(NMR), restorative procedures 87.3(MR) and 12.7(NMR). Oral prophylaxis was performed in 76.8, fissure sealants in 10.7and topical fluoride applications in 21.8. CONCLUSION: Dental extraction was a frequently performed procedure in both groups. The prevalence of exodontia and restorative procedures indicates the need to design and implement prevention programs for special pediatric patients.

General anesthesia: as a challenge and treatment need option in pediatric dentistry.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the type and characteristics of the interventions, indications of dental treatment and procedures performed to patients treated under general anesthesia (GA) by pediatric dentistry residents, during the 1997-1999 period. METHOD: A sample of 57 hospital records of patients treated as part of the Special Pediatric Course at the Puerto Rico Pediatric Hospital were reviewed. Statistical analysis was done using the chi-square test for inferences on proportions. RESULTS: MR patients made up 59.7% and NMR patients made up 40.3% of the sample studied. Ages ranged from 2 to 35 years with a mean age of 11 years (SD=8.54). MR patients were classified into 7 categories: mental retardation (38.2%), cerebral palsy (14.7%), epileptic (5.9%), mental syndromes (26.9%), hydrocephalic (5.9%), autism (5.9%) and others (2.9%). The NMR were classified into 5 categories: early childhood caries (65.2%), cardiac patients (8.7%), maxillofacial anomalies (4.3%), organic syndromes (13.1%) and others (8.7%). The dental procedures performed were: dental extractions 84%(MR) and 68% (NMR), restorative procedures 87.3%(MR) and 12.7%(NMR). Oral prophylaxis was performed in 76.8%, fissure sealants in 10.7% and topical fluoride applications in 21.8%. CONCLUSION: Dental extraction was a frequently performed procedure in both groups. The prevalence of exodontia and restorative procedures indicates the need to design and implement prevention programs for special pediatric patients.

Utilización del consentimiento informado por odontopediatras en la ciudad de México / Utilization of informed consent by pediatric dentists in the Mexico city

En los últimos años se ha incrementado el número de demandas en México, por lo que cada vez resulta más importante un consentimiento informado por parte del paciente, por lo cual es importante conocer el porcentaje de aplicación de técnicas de conducta que utilizan los odontopediatras en pacientes pediátricos en la ciudad de México. ¿Cómo ayuda el consentimiento informado para la aplicación de técnicas de manejo conductual en pacientes pediátricos en prevenir demandas? ¿Estarían los odontopediatras dispuestos a aceptar un formato preestablecido de consentimiento informado para dicha aplicación? El método utilizado en dicha investigación fue la aplicación de un cuestionario directo de 8 preguntas, el cual nos arrojó que la mayoría de los odontopediatras utilizan el consentimiento informado, las técnicas de manejo de conducta las explican de forma verbal y están conscientes de que este documento puede prevenir posibles demandas, estando dispuestos a utilizar algún formato preestablecido.

Frecuencia de caries de la infancia temprana en una muestra de niños de 1 a 4 años de Santafé de Bogotá y exploración del riesgo de la lactancia prolongada, perfil familiar y entorno socioeconómico / Dental caries frequency of the early childhood in a sample of children form 1 to 4 years old in Bogota city and exploration of the risk of the prolonged lactation, familiar profile and socioeconomic surroundings

Propósito: El propósito del presente estudio fue determinar el porcentaje de niños entre 1 y 4 años de edad en una muestra de Santafé de Bogotá, que están afectados por la caries de la infancia temprana (CIT) y establecer la asociación de ésta con el perfil familiar, entorno socioeconómico, conocimiento del cuidado oral y lactancia prolongada. Método: 396 niós de 1 a 4 aós de edad en Santafé de Bogotá fueron examinados, y padres o acudientes entrevistados por tres examinadores previamente calibrados. Los posibles factores de riesgos se analizaron estableciendo la razón de disparidad (O.R) y la prueba de chi cuadrado, p<0.05. Las variables examinadas incluyeron aspectos clínicos, entorno socioeconómico, perfil familiar, conocimiento sobre salud oral y hábitos de lactancia. Resultados: El porcentaje de CIT fue de 11.3 para la población examinada. De la muestra total de el 86.6 tuvo lactancia prolongada, y solamente un 13.6 de este grupo presentó CIT. Se halló una asociación significativa entre CIT y género, estrato socioeconómico bajo, nivel educativo ninguno-primaria de los padres , forma de corrección física, pocos conocimientos sobre salud oral, y consulta al odontólogo para tratamiento. No se encontró una asociación entre CIT y perfil familiar. Conclusiones: El 11.3 de los niños presentaron caries de la infancia temprana en Santafé de Bogotá. La variable de mayor asociación se encontró entre CIT, nivel educativo de la madre y entorno socioeconómico. La asociación entre lactancia prolongada y caries de la infancia temprana fue más débil que las variables mencionadas, aunque hubo significancia estadística. Las variables en general, se encontraron en desventaja para el estrato socioeconómico bajo. El tratamiento y prevención de la caries de la infancia temprana deben tener un componente socioambiental , con programas dirigidos principalmente a los estratos menos favorecidos.

LA PSICOLOGIA COMO UN FACTOR EN EL TRATAMIENTO DE ODONTOPEDIATRIA

Necesidad de conocimiento de la psicología en la formación del odontólogo:Esta muy estigmatizado la atención odontólogica tanto en niños como en adultos. A través de la psicología se puede conseguir que el niño adopte actitudes positivas frente a la atención odontológica. Que tome precauciones para una adecuada salud oral. Necesidad del empleo de la psicología en los padres par incentivar la higiéne bucal