RÉSUMÉ
Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) remains the gold standard in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the clinical safety of 1-month DAPT followed by aspirin or a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor after PCI with drug-eluting stents (DES). We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane Central Registry, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases and identified 5 randomized controlled trials with 29,831 patients who underwent PCI with DES and compared 1-month versus >1-month DAPT. The primary end point was major bleeding, and the co-primary end point was stent thrombosis. The secondary end point included all-cause mortality, cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and major adverse cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events. Compared with >1-month DAPT, the 1-month DAPT was associated with a lower rate of major bleeding (odds ratio [OR] 0.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.45 to 0.97, p = 0.03, I2 = 71%), whereas stent thrombosis had a similar rate in both study groups (OR 1.08, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.44, p = 0.60, I2 = 0.0%). The study groups had similar risks for all-cause mortality (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.04, p = 0.14, I2 = 0.0%), cardiovascular death (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.19, p = 0.32, I2 = 0.0%), myocardial infarction (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.89 to 1.21, p = 0.62, I2 = 0.0%), and stroke (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.64 to 1.05, p = 0.11, I2 = 6%). The risk of major adverse cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events was lower (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.76 to 0.97, p = 0.02, I2 = 25%) in the 1-month DAPT compared with >1-month DAPT. In conclusion, in patients who underwent PCI with DES, 1-month DAPT followed by aspirin or a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor reduced major bleeding with no risk of increased thrombotic risk compared with longer-term DAPT.
Sujet(s)
Endoprothèses à élution de substances , Bithérapie antiplaquettaire , Hémorragie , Intervention coronarienne percutanée , Antiagrégants plaquettaires , Essais contrôlés randomisés comme sujet , Humains , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/usage thérapeutique , Hémorragie/induit chimiquement , Hémorragie/épidémiologie , Bithérapie antiplaquettaire/méthodes , Acide acétylsalicylique/usage thérapeutique , Acide acétylsalicylique/administration et posologie , Facteurs temps , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Thrombose coronarienne/épidémiologieRÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: There was no study evaluating the effects of an aspirin-free strategy in patients undergoing complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). OBJECTIVES: The authors aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of an aspirin-free strategy in patients undergoing complex PCI. METHODS: We conducted the prespecified subgroup analysis based on complex PCI in the STOPDAPT-3 (ShorT and OPtimal duration of Dual AntiPlatelet Therapy after everolimus-eluting cobalt-chromium stent-3), which randomly compared low-dose prasugrel (3.75 mg/d) monotherapy to dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with low-dose prasugrel and aspirin in patients with acute coronary syndrome or high bleeding risk. Complex PCI was defined as any of the following 6 criteria: 3 vessels treated, ≥3 stents implanted, ≥3 lesions treated, bifurcation with 2 stents implanted, total stent length >60 mm, or a target of chronic total occlusion. The coprimary endpoints were major bleeding events (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium 3 or 5) and cardiovascular events (a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, definite stent thrombosis, or ischemic stroke) at 1 month. RESULTS: Of the 5,966 study patients, there were 1,230 patients (20.6%) with complex PCI. Regardless of complex PCI, the effects of no aspirin relative to DAPT were not significant for the coprimary bleeding (complex PCI: 5.30% vs 3.70%; HR: 1.44; 95% CI: 0.84-2.47; P = 0.18 and noncomplex PCI: 4.26% vs 4.97%; HR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.65-1.11; P = 0.24; P for interaction = 0.08) and cardiovascular (complex PCI: 5.78% vs 5.93%; HR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.62-1.55; P = 0.92 and noncomplex PCI: 3.70% vs 3.10%; HR: 1.20; 95% CI: 0.88-1.63; P = 0.25; P for interaction = 0.48) endpoints without significant interactions. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of the aspirin-free strategy relative to standard DAPT for the cardiovascular and major bleeding events were not different regardless of complex PCI. (ShorT and OPtimal duration of Dual AntiPlatelet Therapy after everolimus-eluting cobalt-chromium stent-3 [STOPDAPT-3]; NCT04609111).
Sujet(s)
Acide acétylsalicylique , Maladie des artères coronaires , Calendrier d'administration des médicaments , Endoprothèses à élution de substances , Bithérapie antiplaquettaire , Évérolimus , Hémorragie , Intervention coronarienne percutanée , Antiagrégants plaquettaires , Chlorhydrate de prasugrel , Conception de prothèse , Humains , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/effets indésirables , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/instrumentation , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/mortalité , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/effets indésirables , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/administration et posologie , Mâle , Facteurs temps , Femelle , Acide acétylsalicylique/administration et posologie , Acide acétylsalicylique/effets indésirables , Acide acétylsalicylique/usage thérapeutique , Sujet âgé , Adulte d'âge moyen , Résultat thérapeutique , Hémorragie/induit chimiquement , Hémorragie/prévention et contrôle , Facteurs de risque , Chlorhydrate de prasugrel/administration et posologie , Chlorhydrate de prasugrel/effets indésirables , Chlorhydrate de prasugrel/usage thérapeutique , Évérolimus/administration et posologie , Évérolimus/effets indésirables , Maladie des artères coronaires/thérapie , Maladie des artères coronaires/imagerie diagnostique , Maladie des artères coronaires/mortalité , Thrombose coronarienne/étiologie , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Syndrome coronarien aigu/thérapie , Syndrome coronarien aigu/imagerie diagnostique , Alliages de chrome , Appréciation des risques , Association de médicamentsRÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate a therapeutic approach targeting the inflammatory response and consequent remodeling from ischemic myocardial injury. METHODS AND RESULTS: Coronary thrombus aspirates were collected from patients at the time of ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction and subjected to array-based proteome analysis. Clinically indistinguishable at myocardial infarction (MI), patients were stratified into vulnerable and resilient on the basis of 1-year left ventricular ejection fraction and death. Network analysis from coronary aspirates revealed prioritization of tumor necrosis factor-α signaling in patients with worse clinical outcomes. Infliximab, a tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor, was infused intravenously at reperfusion in a porcine MI model to assess whether infliximab-mediated immune modulation impacts post-MI injury. At 3 days after MI (n=7), infliximab infusion increased proregenerative M2 macrophages in the myocardial border zone as quantified by immunofluorescence (24.1%±23.3% in infliximab versus 9.29%±8.7% in sham; P<0.01). Concomitantly, immunoassays of coronary sinus samples quantified lower troponin I levels (41.72±7.34 pg/mL versus 58.11±10.75 pg/mL; P<0.05) and secreted protein analysis revealed upregulation of injury-modifying interleukin-2, -4, -10, -12, and -18 cytokines in the infliximab-treated cohort. At 4 weeks (n=12), infliximab treatment resulted in significant protective influence, improving left ventricular ejection fraction (53.9%±5.4% versus 36.2%±5.3%; P<0.001) and reducing scar size (8.31%±10.9% versus 17.41%±12.5%; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Profiling of coronary thrombus aspirates in patients with ST-segment-elevation MI revealed highest association for tumor necrosis factor-α in injury risk. Infliximab-mediated immune modulation offers an actionable pathway to alter MI-induced inflammatory response, preserving contractility and limiting adverse structural remodeling.
Sujet(s)
Modèles animaux de maladie humaine , Infliximab , Remodelage ventriculaire , Infliximab/usage thérapeutique , Infliximab/pharmacologie , Animaux , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Remodelage ventriculaire/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Femelle , Infarctus du myocarde avec sus-décalage du segment ST/traitement médicamenteux , Infarctus du myocarde avec sus-décalage du segment ST/immunologie , Fonction ventriculaire gauche/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Suidae , Sujet âgé , Facteur de nécrose tumorale alpha/métabolisme , Débit systolique/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Thrombose coronarienne/traitement médicamenteux , Myocarde/anatomopathologie , Myocarde/métabolisme , Myocarde/immunologie , Troponine I/sang , Troponine I/métabolisme , Macrophages/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Macrophages/immunologie , Macrophages/métabolismeRÉSUMÉ
INTRODUCTION: Among different coronary stents implanted in High Bleeding Risk (HBR) patients with an indication for short antiplatelet therapy, no comparisons in terms of efficacy have been provided. METHODS: A Network Meta Analysis was performed including all randomized controlled trials comparing different coronary stents evaluated in HBR patients. Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACEs) as defined by each included trial were the primary end point, whereas TLR (target lesion revascularization), TVR (target vessel revascularization), stent thrombosis and total and major (BARC3-5) bleedings were the secondary ones. RESULTS: A total of four studies (ONYX ONE, LEADERS FREE, SENIOR and HBR in BIO-RESORT) including 6637 patients were analyzed with different kind of stents and dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) length (1 or 6 months) on 12 months follow-up. About one-third of these patients were defined HBR due to indication for oral anticoagulation. All drug eluting stents (DESs) reduced risk of MACE compared to Bare Metal Stents (BMSs) when followed by a 1-month DAPT. At SUCRA analysis, Orsiro was the device with the highest probability of performing best. Rates of TLR and TVR were significantly lower when using Resolute Onyx, Synergy and BioFreedom stents in comparison to BMS when followed by 1-month DAPT, with Synergy ranking best. Synergy also showed a significantly lower number of stent thrombosis compared to BMS (RR 0.28, 95% CI 0.06-0.93), while Orsiro and Resolute Integrity showed the highest probability of performing best. CONCLUSION: In HBRs patients, all DESs were superior to BMSs in terms of efficacy and safety. Among DESs, Orsiro was the one with the highest ranking in terms of MACE, mainly driven by a reduced incidence of repeated revascularization and stent thrombosis.
Sujet(s)
Maladie des artères coronaires , Endoprothèses à élution de substances , Hémorragie , Méta-analyse en réseau , Intervention coronarienne percutanée , Antiagrégants plaquettaires , Humains , Maladie des artères coronaires/thérapie , Thrombose coronarienne/étiologie , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Bithérapie antiplaquettaire , Hémorragie/prévention et contrôle , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/effets indésirables , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/instrumentation , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/effets indésirables , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/administration et posologie , Conception de prothèse , Essais contrôlés randomisés comme sujet , Facteurs de risque , Facteurs temps , Résultat thérapeutiqueRÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: Stent thrombosis is a rare but deleterious event. Routine coronary angiography with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is often deferred in the presence of laboratory markers of acute inflammation to prevent complications. The aim of this study was to investigate whether an acute inflammatory state is associated with an increased risk of early stent thrombosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Within a prospective single-center registry, the association between preprocedural acute inflammatory activation, defined as C-reactive protein plasma levels >50 mg/L or a leukocyte count >12 g/L, and occurrence of early (≤30 days) stent thrombosis was evaluated. In total, 11 327 patients underwent PCI and of those, 6880 patients had laboratory results available. 49.6% of the study population received PCI for an acute coronary syndrome and 50.4% for stable ischemic heart disease. In patients with signs of acute inflammatory activation (24.9%), PCI was associated with a significantly increased risk for stent thrombosis (hazard ratio, 2.89; P<0.00001), independent of age, sex, kidney function, number and type of stents, presence of multivessel disease, choice of P2Y12 inhibitor, and clinical presentation. Elevated laboratory markers of acute inflammation were associated with the occurrence of stent thrombosis in both patients with acute coronary syndrome (hazard ratio, 2.63; P<0.001) and in patients with stable ischemic heart disease (hazard ratio, 3.57; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: An acute inflammatory state at the time of PCI was associated with a significantly increased risk of early stent thrombosis. Evidence of acute inflammation should result in deferred PCI in elective patients, while future studies are needed for patients with acute coronary syndrome.
Sujet(s)
Syndrome coronarien aigu , Thrombose coronarienne , Ischémie myocardique , Intervention coronarienne percutanée , Humains , Syndrome coronarien aigu/chirurgie , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/effets indésirables , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/méthodes , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/effets indésirables , Études prospectives , Résultat thérapeutique , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Endoprothèses/effets indésirables , Ischémie myocardique/complications , Marqueurs biologiques , Inflammation/complications , Facteurs de risqueRÉSUMÉ
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been demonstrated as a major risk factor in inducing coronary stent thrombosis due to its propensity to create a pro-thrombotic state. This review explores the mechanisms that may contribute to the increased thrombosis risk seen in COVID-19. Furthermore, we discuss the patient and haematological factors that predispose to an increased risk of stent thrombosis, as well as the role of certain antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapies, including ticagrelor and enoxaparin, that may reduce the likelihood and severity of in-stent thrombosis, in SARS-CoV-2 infection. To counter the proinflammatory and pro-thrombotic state shown in COVID-19, anti-thrombotic therapy in the future may be optimised using point-of-care platelet inhibition testing and inflammation-modifying therapies. Large-scale randomised trials with long-term follow-up are increasingly necessary to assess the intersection of COVID-19 and stent optimisation as well as the reduction of stent thrombosis after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation.
Sujet(s)
COVID-19 , Thrombose coronarienne , Endoprothèses à élution de substances , Intervention coronarienne percutanée , Humains , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/usage thérapeutique , COVID-19/complications , SARS-CoV-2 , Thrombose coronarienne/étiologie , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Endoprothèses/effets indésirables , Résultat thérapeutique , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/effets indésirablesSujet(s)
Thrombose coronarienne , Endoprothèses à élution de substances , Thrombose , Thrombose coronarienne/étiologie , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Association de médicaments , Endoprothèses à élution de substances/effets indésirables , Bithérapie antiplaquettaire , Humains , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/effets indésirables , Thrombose/traitement médicamenteux , Thrombose/étiologie , Thrombose/prévention et contrôleRÉSUMÉ
We describe the case of a healthy patient with moderate COVID-19 infection without thrombophilia nor coronary disease background who presented with a relapsing thrombotic occlusion of the right coronary artery despite normal oxygenation, adequate antiaggregation and prophylactic anticoagulation. Prophylactic anticoagulation recommendations in COVID-19 were inadequate for this patient. Further data are needed to propose full-dose therapeutic anticoagulation for patients with coronary thrombosis and COVID-19 infection. This could nevertheless be considered even in mild forms of COVID-19.
Sujet(s)
COVID-19/complications , Occlusion coronarienne/étiologie , Thrombose coronarienne/étiologie , Anticoagulants/usage thérapeutique , COVID-19/physiopathologie , Angiographie par tomodensitométrie , Coronarographie , Occlusion coronarienne/imagerie diagnostique , Occlusion coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Thrombose coronarienne/imagerie diagnostique , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Récidive , SARS-CoV-2 , Traitements médicamenteux de la COVID-19Sujet(s)
Syndrome coronarien aigu/traitement médicamenteux , Maladie des artères coronaires/traitement médicamenteux , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Fibrinolytiques/usage thérapeutique , Algorithmes , Anticoagulants , Fibrillation auriculaire/complications , Fibrillation auriculaire/traitement médicamenteux , Bithérapie antiplaquettaire , Humains , Intervention coronarienne percutanée , Antiagrégants plaquettaires , Guides de bonnes pratiques cliniques comme sujet , Accident vasculaire cérébral/prévention et contrôleRÉSUMÉ
Newer generation drug eluting stents (DES) and pharmacotherapy have decreased thrombotic events post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). There is lack of wide-ranging safety and efficacy evaluation in both stable ischemic heart disease and acute coronary syndrome in short-term (3-6 months) versus Standard-term (12 months) dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). We searched electronic databases using specific terms to identify randomized control trials comparing different durations of DAPT after PCI with DES. The outcomes of interest included all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, major bleeding, target lesion and vessel revascularization, and stroke at follow-up duration ≥12 months post index PCI. Studies that compared DAPT <3 months or DAPT ≥12 months were excluded. Thirteen randomized control trials (n = 31,831) were included; 8401 patients received DAPT for 3 months and 7482 patients received DAPT in the 6 months group. Major bleeding rate was lower in the short-term (3-6 months) versus Standard-term (12 months) group (risk ratio 0.66; 95% confidence interval, 0.52-0.84, P < 0.05). Repeat revascularization rate was higher in the short-term (3-6 months) versus Standard-term (12 months) (risk ratio 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.36, P < 0.05) of DAPT duration after PCI with DES. No difference in other outcomes were observed when comparing short versus standard duration of DAPT in both stable ischemic heart disease and acute coronary syndrome.
Sujet(s)
Syndrome coronarien aigu/thérapie , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Ischémie myocardique/thérapie , Intervention coronarienne percutanée , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/administration et posologie , Syndrome coronarien aigu/imagerie diagnostique , Syndrome coronarien aigu/mortalité , Thrombose coronarienne/étiologie , Thrombose coronarienne/mortalité , Calendrier d'administration des médicaments , Bithérapie antiplaquettaire , Hémorragie/induit chimiquement , Humains , Ischémie myocardique/imagerie diagnostique , Ischémie myocardique/mortalité , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/effets indésirables , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/instrumentation , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/mortalité , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/effets indésirables , Essais contrôlés randomisés comme sujet , Appréciation des risques , Facteurs de risque , Endoprothèses , Facteurs temps , Résultat thérapeutiqueRÉSUMÉ
The global burden of atherothrombotic heart disease should be considered as a life-style disorder where differences in dietary habits and related risk factors like limited physical activity and adiposity together play important roles. Related metabolic changes have been scientifically elucidated in recent decades, and the role of the very-long-chain marine fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been much focused on, especially their possible effects on processes like inflammation and thrombosis. In the present brief review of related metabolic mechanisms, the effects of these fatty acids in a clinical setting have been referred to, including some of the authors' work on this topic. The main focus is the divergent results in the field and the important differences between the study population, the type of supplements and fresh marine sources, the proportion of EPA versus DHA dosages, and the duration of supplementation in clinical trials. We conclude that daily intake of at least 1 g of EPA + DHA may improve a dysmetabolic state in the population. The potential to reduce the risk and progression of atherothrombotic heart disease is still a matter of debate.
Sujet(s)
Compléments alimentaires , Acide docosahexaénoïque/pharmacologie , Acide eicosapentanoïque/pharmacologie , Acides gras omega-3/pharmacologie , Cardiopathies/prévention et contrôle , Essais cliniques comme sujet , Maladie des artères coronaires/prévention et contrôle , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Régime alimentaire sain/méthodes , Consommation alimentaire/physiologie , Facteurs de risque de maladie cardiaque , Humains , Produits de la mer/analyseRÉSUMÉ
PURPOSE: Although current guidelines recommend the administration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for up to 12 months after the implantation of a drug-eluting stent (DES), extended DAPT is frequently used in real-world practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From the Korean Multicenter Angioplasty Team registry, we identified a total of 1414 patients who used DAPT for >3 years after DES implantation (extended-DAPT group) and conducted a landmark analysis at 36 months after the index procedure. We evaluated the determinants for and long-term outcomes of extended DAPT and compared the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), defined as the composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, and stroke, between the extended-DAPT group and the guideline-DAPT group [DAPT <1 year after DES implantation (n=1273)]. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis indicated the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome as the most significant clinical determinant of the use of extended DAPT. Bifurcation, stent diameter ≤3.0 mm, total stented length ≥28 mm, and use of first-generation DESs were also significant angiographic and procedural determinants. MACCE rates were similar between the extended-DAPT group and the guideline-DAPT group in crude analysis [hazard ratio (HR), 1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.69-1.68; p=0.739] and after propensity matching (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 0.72-2.07; p=0.453). Major bleeding rates were comparable between the two groups. CONCLUSION: In patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, indefinite use of DAPT does not show superior outcomes to those of guideline-DAPT. Major bleeding rates are also similar.
Sujet(s)
Syndrome coronarien aigu/traitement médicamenteux , Maladie des artères coronaires/traitement médicamenteux , Endoprothèses à élution de substances/effets indésirables , Bithérapie antiplaquettaire/méthodes , Infarctus du myocarde/thérapie , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/effets indésirables , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/administration et posologie , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/usage thérapeutique , Sujet âgé , Maladies cardiovasculaires/épidémiologie , Maladie des artères coronaires/chirurgie , Maladie des artères coronaires/thérapie , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Association de médicaments , Femelle , Hémorragie/induit chimiquement , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Infarctus du myocarde/traitement médicamenteux , Infarctus du myocarde/étiologie , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/effets indésirables , Études rétrospectives , Accident vasculaire cérébral/étiologie , Thrombose/complications , Facteurs temps , Résultat thérapeutiqueRÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: Stent thrombosis (ST) is a dreaded complication after stent implantation and is associated with a mortality between 5% and 45%. The mechanisms by which ST arises are complex. Because of the seriousness of this situation, all phy - sicians should have at least basic knowledge of it. In this article, we present the risk factors for ST and discuss some innovative approaches to its treatment. METHODS: This review is based on pertinent articles retrieved by a selective search in PubMed, and on current international guidelines and expert recommendations. RESULTS: The frequency of ST has been markedly lowered by technical advances in coronary stenting and by the implementation of modern implantation techniques, including the introduction of coverage with dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). Both patient-related risk factors and procedural aspects can elevate the risk of ST. The independent risk factors for ST include premature termination of DAPT (hazard ratio [HR] 26.8; 95% confidence interval [8.4; 85.4]; p <0.0001), malignant disease (odds ratio [OR]: 17.45; [4.67; 65.26]; p <0.0001), and diabetes mellitus (OR: 3.14; [1.33; 7.45]; p = 0.0093). In comparison to angiographically guided procedures, the use of intracoronary imaging techniques in patients with acute coronary syndrome lowers the frequency of ST (0.6% versus 1.2%; p = 0.005). These techniques enable the detection of many findings in the coronary arteries that are associated with the development of ST. In such cases, countermeasures such as secondary stent dilatation or prolongation of DAPT can help prevent ST. CONCLUSION: As the pathophysiology of ST is multifactorial, research in this area presents a special challenge. Prospective clinical trials will be needed to determine whether the systematic use of imaging techniques can lower the frequency of ST.
Sujet(s)
Thrombose coronarienne/étiologie , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Endoprothèses/effets indésirables , Humains , Facteurs de risqueSujet(s)
Anticoagulants/administration et posologie , Maladie des artères coronaires/thérapie , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Fibrinolytiques/administration et posologie , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/instrumentation , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/administration et posologie , Endoprothèses , Anticoagulants/effets indésirables , Prise de décision clinique , Thrombose coronarienne/étiologie , Bithérapie antiplaquettaire , Médecine factuelle , Fibrinolytiques/effets indésirables , Hémorragie/induit chimiquement , Humains , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/effets indésirables , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/effets indésirables , Facteurs de risque , Résultat thérapeutiqueRÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: There is a scarcity of data on short-duration dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) followed by P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy as compared with aspirin monotherapy after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).MethodsâandâResults:STOPDAPT-1 is a prospective trial enrolling patients who agreed to 3-month DAPT followed by aspirin monotherapy after everolimus-eluting stent (EES) implantation. STOPDAPT-2 is a randomized trial comparing 1-month DAPT followed by clopidogrel monotherapy with 12-month DAPT after EES implantation. We compared the clinical outcomes of patients assigned to the 1-month DAPT group in STOPDAPT-2 and the 3-month DAPT group enrolled in STOPDAPT-1. The current study population consisted of 1,480 patients in STOPDAPT-2 and 1,339 patients in STOPDAPT-1. The primary endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, definite stent thrombosis and TIMI major/minor bleeding. Cumulative 1-year incidence of the primary endpoint was not significantly different between STOPDAPT-2 and STOPDAPT-1 (2.3% vs. 2.3%, P=0.98). After adjusting for confounders, there was no excess risk of STOPDAPT-2 relative to STOPDAPT-1 for the primary endpoint. Between 3 and 12 months, the cumulative incidence of primary endpoint was not significantly different between STOPDAPT-2 and STOPDAPT-1 (1.7% vs. 1.6%, P=0.77). CONCLUSIONS: The effect of 1-month DAPT followed by clopidogrel monotherapy on clinical outcomes was similar to that of 3-month DAPT followed by aspirin monotherapy in patients receiving PCI.
Sujet(s)
Acide acétylsalicylique/administration et posologie , Clopidogrel/administration et posologie , Thrombose coronarienne/étiologie , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Endoprothèses à élution de substances/effets indésirables , Bithérapie antiplaquettaire/méthodes , Évérolimus/administration et posologie , Immunosuppresseurs/administration et posologie , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/effets indésirables , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/administration et posologie , Sujet âgé , Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus , Thrombose coronarienne/épidémiologie , Femelle , Humains , Japon/épidémiologie , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Études prospectives , Résultat thérapeutiqueRÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: Stent thrombosis (ST) is a serious complication after drug-eluting stents (DES) implantation. To identify the risk factors of mortality following ST, we evaluated adverse event reports used for safety measures after approval.MethodsâandâResults:Between July 2004 and August 2019, 2,887 ST case reports were submitted to the Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Agency. Reports of probable or possible ST (n=604), with insufficient data regarding in-hospital outcome or duration between procedure and ST occurrence (n=37) or duplicate reports (n=191) were excluded. Accordingly, 2,045 reports with definite ST were analyzed. Among the subjects, there were 286 in-hospital deaths (14.0%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that left main trunk (LMT) (odds ratio [OR]: 4.76, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.26-6.96), chronic heart failure (CHF) (OR: 2.88, 95% CI: 1.61-5.14), hemodialysis (OR: 2.69, 95% CI: 1.66-4.36), prior stroke (OR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.15-4.51), over 70 years old (OR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.22-2.16), and right coronary artery (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.27-0.63) were independent factors for in-hospital death after DES-ST. CONCLUSIONS: LMT, CHF, hemodialysis, prior stroke, and older age were independently associated with higher risk of in-hospital death following DES-ST. If target patients have these factors, maximum preventive strategies against ST occurrence, including adequate dual-antiplatelet therapy duration and optimal DES deployment procedures, are required.
Sujet(s)
Thrombose coronarienne/étiologie , Thrombose coronarienne/mortalité , Endoprothèses à élution de substances/effets indésirables , Mortalité hospitalière , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/effets indésirables , Facteurs âges , Sujet âgé , Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus , Maladie des artères coronaires/complications , Maladie des artères coronaires/épidémiologie , Thrombose coronarienne/épidémiologie , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Femelle , Défaillance cardiaque/complications , Défaillance cardiaque/épidémiologie , Humains , Japon/épidémiologie , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/usage thérapeutique , Dialyse rénale/effets indésirables , Facteurs de risque , Accident vasculaire cérébral/complications , Accident vasculaire cérébral/épidémiologie , Résultat thérapeutiqueSujet(s)
Implant résorbable/effets indésirables , Angor stable/chirurgie , Angioscopie/méthodes , Occlusion du greffon vasculaire/étiologie , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/méthodes , Sujet âgé , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Bithérapie antiplaquettaire/méthodes , Études de suivi , Occlusion du greffon vasculaire/traitement médicamenteux , Humains , Mâle , Tomographie par cohérence optique/méthodes , Résultat thérapeutiqueRÉSUMÉ
BACKGROUND: Even among biomarker-negative patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), periprocedural thrombotic and bleeding complications can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Whether stronger platelet inhibition by an intensified oral loading strategy (ILS) before PCI impacts on outcomes among these patients in contemporary practice remains unclear. METHODS: This multicenter, randomized, assessor-blinded trial tested the hypothesis that in elective PCI prasugrel 60 mg (ILS) is superior to standard loading strategy with clopidogrel 600 mg regarding a composite primary end point of all-cause death, any myocardial infarction, definite/probable stent thrombosis, stroke, or urgent vessel revascularization. After PCI, all patients were on clopidogrel 75 mg/day and aspirin. The trial was terminated prematurely because of slower-than-expected recruitment and funding discontinuation. RESULTS: Of 781 patients included in the final analysis, 382 were assigned to ILS and 399 to standard loading strategy. At 30 days, the primary end point occurred in 66 patients (17.3%) assigned to ILS and 74 patients (18.6%) assigned to standard loading strategy (odds ratio, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.63-1.32]; P=0.64). Any myocardial infarction and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium ≥2 bleeding rates were similar among ILS and standard loading strategy groups 16.2% versus 17.5%, odds ratio, 0.91 (95% CI, 0.62-1.32), P=0.62 and 4.2% versus 4.8%, odds ratio 0.87 (95% CI, 0.44-1.73), P=0.70, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In biomarker-negative stable and unstable angina patients undergoing elective PCI, the trial did not find a conclusive difference in efficacy or safety. This observation should be interpreted in the context of wide CIs and premature termination of the trial. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02548611.
Sujet(s)
Clopidogrel/administration et posologie , Thrombose coronarienne/prévention et contrôle , Ischémie myocardique/thérapie , Intervention coronarienne percutanée , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/administration et posologie , Chlorhydrate de prasugrel/administration et posologie , Antagonistes des récepteurs purinergiques P2Y/administration et posologie , Administration par voie orale , Sujet âgé , Clopidogrel/effets indésirables , Thrombose coronarienne/étiologie , Thrombose coronarienne/mortalité , Calendrier d'administration des médicaments , Arrêt précoce d'essais cliniques , Femelle , Hémorragie/induit chimiquement , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Ischémie myocardique/mortalité , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/effets indésirables , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/instrumentation , Intervention coronarienne percutanée/mortalité , Antiagrégants plaquettaires/effets indésirables , Chlorhydrate de prasugrel/effets indésirables , Études prospectives , Antagonistes des récepteurs purinergiques P2Y/effets indésirables , Récidive , Appréciation des risques , Facteurs de risque , Endoprothèses , Accident vasculaire cérébral/étiologie , Accident vasculaire cérébral/prévention et contrôle , Facteurs temps , Résultat thérapeutiqueRÉSUMÉ
Kounis syndrome was recognized as the concurrence of acute cardiovascular events with hypersensitivity reactions. We report a case of Kounis syndrome type III (coronary thrombosis) variant in a 48-year-old man who had experienced recurrent acute myocardial infarctions after scallion-induced hypersensitivity reactions. After appropriate antithrombotic, antihistamine, and reperfusion strategies, the patient was found to have elevated levels of immunoglobulin E and chronic urticaria. Upon administration of omalizumab, there was an improvement of chronic urticaria, a decrease in immunoglobulin E levels, and resolution of the ischemic attacks.