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1.
Arq Gastroenterol ; 60(3): 309-314, 2023.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37792759

RÉSUMÉ

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN: •The rate and severity of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has increased throughout North America, the United Kingdom, and Europe. •Scattered evidence about the association of CDI with antidepressant medications use exists in the literature so far. What are the new findings: •The risk of Clostridioides difficile infection is higher in patients who are on mirtazapine, nortriptyline, or trazodone. •The prevalence rate of Clostridioides difficile infection in patients who were using antidepressant medications and the ones who did not, increased with age. Background - During the past decade, Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has become the most common cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. Several risk factors have been implicated. Scattered evidence about the association of CDI with antidepressant medications use exists in the literature so far. Therefore, we aim to investigate whether the risk of developing CDI is increased in hospitalized patients using antidepressant medications.Methods - Patients who were hospitalized were included in our cohort. We excluded individuals aged less than 18 years. A multivariate regression analysis was performed to calculate the risk of CDI accounting for potential confounders. Results - The risk of CDI in hospitalized patients was increased in individuals diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (OR: 4.44; 95%CI: 4.35-4.52), and in patients using clindamycin (OR: 1.55; 95%CI: 1.53-1.57), beta-lactam antibiotics (OR: 1.62; 95%CI: 1.60-1.64), PPI (OR: 3.27; 95%CI: 3.23-3.30), trazodone (OR: 1.31; 95%CI: 1.29-1.33), nortriptyline (OR: 1.25; 95%CI: 1.21-1.28), and mirtazapine (OR: 2.50; 95%CI: 2.46-2.54). After controlling for covariates, the risk of CDI was not increased in patients who were taking fluoxetine (OR: 0.94; 95%CI: 0.92-0.96). Conclusion - In contrary to fluoxetine; mirtazapine, nortriptyline, and trazodone were associated with increased risk of CDI in hospitalized patients.


Sujet(s)
Clostridioides difficile , Infections à Clostridium , Trazodone , Humains , Mirtazapine/usage thérapeutique , Trazodone/usage thérapeutique , Nortriptyline/effets indésirables , Fluoxétine/usage thérapeutique , Infections à Clostridium/induit chimiquement , Infections à Clostridium/épidémiologie , Antidépresseurs/effets indésirables , Hôpitaux
2.
Eur J Pediatr ; 179(2): 177-189, 2020 Feb.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31858254

RÉSUMÉ

The aim of the present study was to perform a critical reflection about intervention options for bruxism reduction in children and adolescents. Search was conducted based on the PICO-structured question: "What are the intervention options to reduce bruxism in children/adolescents?". No language, year, or study design restrictions were imposed. Studies reporting interventions to reduce bruxism in children (< 10) and adolescents (10 to 19 years old) were included. Reviews and letters to editors were not included. From 2723 records, 17 papers were included. Included studies were primarily randomized clinical trials performed in Brazil (35.3%) and using different criteria for the diagnosis of bruxism. Reduction in self-reported bruxism and headaches associated with bruxism were observed in studies that used medications (hydroxyzine/trazodone/flurazepam), occlusal splints, orthodontic interventions, and psychological and physical therapy interventions. Reduction in Rhythmic Masticatory Muscle Activity was observed with the use of the occlusal splint and in orthodontic interventions. Alternative treatments (medicinal extracts such as Melissa officinalis-L) have shown inconclusive results.Conclusions: Several intervention options are available to inhibit or reduce bruxism activity. The respective indication, contraindications, and side effects of each treatment option must be assessed individually and carefully, taking into account that bruxism is not considered a disorder in otherwise healthy individuals.What is known• Biological and psychological factors have been strongly correlated to the development of bruxism• Bruxism prevalence ranging from 6 to 50% in childrenWhat is new• Reduction in self-reported bruxism and headaches associated with bruxism were observed in studies that used medication (Hydroxyzine/ Trazodone/ Flurazepam), occlusal splints, orthodontic interventions, psychological, and physical therapy interventions• A reduction in Rhythmic Masticatory Muscle Activity was observed with the use of the occlusal splint and orthodontic interventions. Alternative treatments (medicinal extracts such as Melissa officinalis L) show inconclusive results in respect of the reduction in bruxism.


Sujet(s)
Flurazépam/usage thérapeutique , Gouttières occlusales/statistiques et données numériques , Satisfaction des patients/statistiques et données numériques , Bruxisme du sommeil/épidémiologie , Bruxisme du sommeil/thérapie , Trazodone/usage thérapeutique , Adolescent , Facteurs âges , Enfant , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Essais contrôlés randomisés comme sujet , Appréciation des risques , Indice de gravité de la maladie , Facteurs sexuels , Bruxisme du sommeil/diagnostic , Résultat thérapeutique , États-Unis
3.
Porto Alegre; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Telessaúde; 2018. ilus.
Non conventionel de Portugais | LILACS | ID: biblio-995599

RÉSUMÉ

A insônia é o mais prevalente dos transtornos do sono. É definida como a insatisfação com a qualidade ou a quantidade de sono, que ocorre a despeito de adequada oportunidade para dormir e que impõe ao indivíduo algum tipo de prejuízo durante o dia. A prevalência da insônia crônica em sociedades industrializadas é de 5 a 10%. Entre pessoas portadoras de doença crônica (psiquiátricas ou não) e idosos, a prevalência é significativamente maior. Trata-se de queixa frequente na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Este material contempla as situações mais comumente associadas a insônia na APS, assim como o manejo inicial desta queixa. Está baseado em extensa revisão das evidências disponíveis na literatura, em boas práticas clínicas e adaptado à realidade brasileira, considerando as intervenções terapêuticas disponíveis. Esta guia apresenta informação que orienta a conduta para casos de avaliação e manejo da insônia no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde, incluindo: Avaliação Geral, Avaliação Objetiva, Avaliação e Manejo em situações específicas, Intervenções Não-Farmacológicas, Manejo Farmacológico na APS, Retirada de benzodiazepínico, Preocupações com uso de amitriptilina, Fármacos não recomendados na APS, Avaliação longitudinal da insônia, Fluxograma para avaliação e manejo da insônia.


Sujet(s)
Humains , Troubles de l'endormissement et du maintien du sommeil/diagnostic , Troubles de l'endormissement et du maintien du sommeil/traitement médicamenteux , Soins de santé primaires , Trazodone/usage thérapeutique , /usage thérapeutique , /usage thérapeutique , Amitriptyline/usage thérapeutique , Lorazépam/usage thérapeutique
4.
Rev Colomb Psiquiatr ; 44(4): 251-5, 2015.
Article de Espagnol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26578477

RÉSUMÉ

This case concerns an elderly man with a REM sleep behavior disorder, who was initially offered a pharmacological treatment with clonazepam, recommended by other articles, but with poor adherence due to its adverse reactions and persistence of symptoms. He was then offered a treatment with Trazodone was offered, achieving a complete remission of symptoms, with no reported side effects. It is clear that Trazodone has no known indication for this type of disorder; nevertheless, it was considered in this case because of its pharmacological profile, obtaining satisfactory results. Further research is needed in order to document thoroughly the mechanisms of action, efficacy and utility of this molecule in cases such as the one presented.


Sujet(s)
Trouble du comportement en sommeil paradoxal/traitement médicamenteux , Inbiteurs sélectifs de la recapture de la sérotonine/usage thérapeutique , Trazodone/usage thérapeutique , Sujet âgé , Clonazépam/effets indésirables , Clonazépam/usage thérapeutique , Humains , Mâle , Inbiteurs sélectifs de la recapture de la sérotonine/effets indésirables , Trazodone/effets indésirables , Résultat thérapeutique
5.
Chronobiol Int ; 32(9): 1311-4, 2015.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26376345

RÉSUMÉ

A circadian rhythm is a cycle of approximately 24 h, responsible for many physiological adjustments, and ageing of the circadian clock contributes to cognitive decline. Rhythmicity is severely impaired in Alzheimer disease (AD) and few therapeutic attempts succeeded in improving sleep disorders in such context. This study evaluated sleep parameters by actigraphy in 30 AD patients before and after trazodone use for 2 weeks, and we show a significant improvement in relative rhythm amplitude (RRA), compatible with a more stable daytime behavioral pattern. So, trazodone appears to produce a stabilization of the circadian rhythms in individuals with AD.


Sujet(s)
Cycles d'activité/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Maladie d'Alzheimer/traitement médicamenteux , Troubles du rythme circadien du sommeil/traitement médicamenteux , Sommeil/effets des médicaments et des substances chimiques , Trazodone/usage thérapeutique , Actigraphie , Sujet âgé , Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus , Maladie d'Alzheimer/diagnostic , Maladie d'Alzheimer/physiopathologie , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Troubles du rythme circadien du sommeil/diagnostic , Troubles du rythme circadien du sommeil/physiopathologie , Facteurs temps , Trazodone/effets indésirables , Résultat thérapeutique
6.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 13(3): 430-434, July-Sep. 2015.
Article de Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-761939

RÉSUMÉ

Sleep disorders are common in patients with Alzheimer dementia and affect the quality of life of patients and of their caregivers. Despite the rising number of studies in the area, almost all of them are about non-pharmacological treatment. Our objective was to review the literature concerning pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches to treat sleep disorders of elderly patients with Alzheimer dementia in the ambulatory setting. The treatments revised consisted of sleep hygiene and/or use of intense light coupled or not with use of melatonin, cholinesterase inhibitors, antipsychotics, hypnotics or antidepressants. In addition to the non-pharmacological measures, there is evidence that the use of trazodone may aid the treatment of sleep disorders of older individuals with Alzheimer dementia. More studies are necessary to examine the non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments revised herein.


Os transtornos do sono são comuns nos pacientes com doença de Alzheimer e interferem na qualidade de vida do paciente e de seu cuidador. Apesar da alta prevalência desses transtornos, existe pouca evidência em relação ao seu tratamento. Nosso objetivo foi revisar a literatura em relação ao tratamento não farmacológico e farmacológico dos transtornos do sono nos idosos com doença de Alzheimer em comunidade. Os tratamentos incluídos consistiram na higiene do sono e/ou no uso da luz intensa, combinados ou não com o uso da melatonina, nos inibidores de acetilcolinesterases, antipsicóticos, hipnóticos ou antidepressivos. Para além das medidas não farmacológicas, há evidência de que o uso da trazodona é efetivo no tratamento dos transtornos do sono de pacientes com doença de Alzheimer. Mais estudos sobre as estratégias farmacológicas e não farmacológicas aqui revisadas ou outras são desejáveis.


Sujet(s)
Humains , Maladie d'Alzheimer/complications , Troubles de la veille et du sommeil/thérapie , Antidépresseurs de seconde génération/usage thérapeutique , Patients en consultation externe , Photothérapie/méthodes , Troubles de la veille et du sommeil/traitement médicamenteux , Troubles de la veille et du sommeil/étiologie , Trazodone/usage thérapeutique
7.
Einstein (Sao Paulo) ; 13(3): 430-4, 2015.
Article de Anglais, Portugais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25946052

RÉSUMÉ

Sleep disorders are common in patients with Alzheimer dementia and affect the quality of life of patients and of their caregivers. Despite the rising number of studies in the area, almost all of them are about non-pharmacological treatment. Our objective was to review the literature concerning pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches to treat sleep disorders of elderly patients with Alzheimer dementia in the ambulatory setting. The treatments revised consisted of sleep hygiene and/or use of intense light coupled or not with use of melatonin, cholinesterase inhibitors, antipsychotics, hypnotics or antidepressants. In addition to the non-pharmacological measures, there is evidence that the use of trazodone may aid the treatment of sleep disorders of older individuals with Alzheimer dementia. More studies are necessary to examine the non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments revised herein.


Sujet(s)
Maladie d'Alzheimer/complications , Troubles de la veille et du sommeil/thérapie , Antidépresseurs de seconde génération/usage thérapeutique , Humains , Patients en consultation externe , Photothérapie/méthodes , Troubles de la veille et du sommeil/traitement médicamenteux , Troubles de la veille et du sommeil/étiologie , Trazodone/usage thérapeutique
8.
Belo Horizonte; CCATES; 2015.
Non conventionel de Portugais | BRISA/RedTESA | ID: biblio-876670

RÉSUMÉ

TECNOLOGIAS: Duloxetina, venlafaxina e trazodona. INDICAÇÃO: Depressão moderada ou grave. CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA TECNOLOGIA: A duloxetina e a venlafaxina fazem parte do grupo de antidepressivos inibidores da recaptação de serotonina e noradrenalina (IRSN). A trazodona é um antidepressivo atípico, atua inibindo a recaptação da serotonina e bloqueia os receptores adrenérgicos e histaminérgicos. Esses medicamentos aumentam a quantidade de serotonina e/ ou noradrenalina na fenda sináptica, aumentando, portanto, a estimulação sináptica e a atividade destas monoaminas no SNC. PERGUNTA: Os medicamentos duloxetina, venlafaxina e trazodona são mais eficazes e seguros para o tratamento da depressão maior em adultos do que a fluoxetina? BUSCA E ANÁLISE DE EVIDÊNCIAS CIENTÍFICAS: Foram pesquisadas as bases Medline (via Pubmed), Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD), The Cochrane Library e LILACS. Buscaram-se revisões sistemáticas (RS) de ensaios clínicos que comparassem a eficácia e segurança dos medicamentos duloxetina, venlafaxina e trazodona comparados à fluoxetina para o tratamento do Transtorno Depressivo Maior, que utilizaram como critério de diagnóstico as classificações internacionais CID-10 e o DSM IV. A qualidade da evidência foi avaliada pelo sistema GRADE. Para avaliar desfechos secundários relacionados ao abandono do tratamento e efeitos adversos, dados de estudos observacionais presentes nas RS foram considerados. Avaliações de Tecnologias de Saúde e guias terapêuticos foram pesquisadas em sites de agências internacionais e na Rede Brasileira de Avaliação de Tecnologia em Saúde. RESUMO DOS RESULTADOS DOS ESTUDOS SELECIONADOS: Foram incluídas doze revisões sistemáticas (RS) com meta-análise. Na avaliação da eficácia, os resultados das RS demonstraram uma discreta superioridade da venlafaxina frente à fluoxetina. Na avaliação da segurança, ao verificar as taxas de abandono do tratamento e incidência de eventos adversos, grande parte dos estudos se mostrou inconclusiva ou levemente desfavorável à duloxetina ou venlafaxina comparados à fluoxetina. A maioria das RS apresentou evidência de baixa qualidade e todas contribuíram para uma recomendação fraca a favor da venlafaxina. Foram incluídos três guias terapêuticos que não fizeram distinção entre os medicamentos antidepressivos de segunda geração (ex. duloxetina, venlafaxina e trazodona) e os ISRS (ex. fluoxetina) para o desfecho de eficácia. RECOMENDAÇÕES: Os resultados de eficácia encontrados neste PTC apontam para a indicação da venlafaxina em caso de resposta inadequada ao tratamento com ISRS. Ao mesmo tempo em que o mecanismo de ação da venlafaxina parece estar relacionado à sua superioridade terapêutica, também estaria relacionado às suas limitações clinicas, principalmente em pacientes hipertensos ou com problemas cardíacos. A escolha inicial do medicamento deve ser pautada em vários critérios como: potenciais reações adversas e o custo do tratamento. Considerando a baixa qualidade da evidência dos resultados apresentados e o maior custo de tratamento frente às alternativas terapêuticas existentes, a fluoxetina ainda se apresenta como medicamento de primeira escolha para o tratamento do TDM em pacientes adultos, uma vez que sua eficácia é comparável às tecnologias avaliadas, com melhor tolerância. Ressalta-se que apesar de não ter sido objeto de comparação neste PTC outros ISRS, tais como: sertralina, citalopram ou escitalopram parecem possuir eficácia comparável entre si. Quanto a duloxetina e trazodona, não foram encontradas evidências de comparação direta com fluoxetina.(AU)


TECHNOLOGIES: duloxetine, venlafaxine and trazodone. INDICATION: moderate or major depression. CHARACTERIZATION OF THE TECHNOLOGY: Duloxetine and venlafaxine are part of the group of antidepressants reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine (IRSR). Trazodone is an atypical antidepressant, works by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin and blocks the adrenergic and histaminergic. These drugs increase the amount of serotonin and / or noradrenaline in the synaptic cleft, thereby increasing synaptic stimulation and the activity of these monoamines in the CNS. QUESTION: Are duloxetine, venlafaxine and trazodone more effective and safe than fluoxetine for the treatment of major depression in adults? SEARCH AND ANALYSIS OF SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE: We searched Medline (via Pubmed) Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD), The Cochrane Library and LILACS. Sought to systematic reviews (SR) clinical trials that compared the efficacy and safety of duloxetine drugs, venlafaxine and trazodone compared to fluoxetine for the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder, which used as a diagnostic criterion the international classifications ICD-10 and DSM IV. The quality of evidence was evaluated by the GRADE system. To evaluate secondary endpoints related to the abandonment of treatment and adverse effects data from observational studies present in the SR were considered. Health Technology Assessments and therapeutic guidelines were searched in international agency sites and the Brazilian Network for Health Technology Assessment. SUMMARY OF THE RESULTS OF THE SELECTED STUDIES: Twelve systematic reviews with meta-analysis were included. In assessing effectiveness, the results of SR showed a slight superiority of venlafaxine front of fluoxetine. In safety assessment, to check the dropout rates of treatment and incidence of adverse events, most studies proved inconclusive or slightly unfavorable to duloxetine or venlafaxine compared to fluoxetine. Most SR presented evidence of low quality and all contributed to a weak recommendation in favor of venlafaxine. Were included three therapeutic guides who didn't distinguish between second-generation antidepressant medications (eg, duloxetine, venlafaxine and trazodone) and SSRIs (eg, fluoxetine) for efficacy endpoint. RECOMMENDATIONS: Efficacy results of this study point to the indication of venlafaxine in case of inadequate response to treatment with SSRIs. While the mechanism of action of venlafaxine seems to be related to its therapeutic superiority it could also be related to its clinical limitations, especially in hypertensive patients or in patients with heart problems. The initial choice of drug should be based on various criteria such as potential adverse reactions and the cost of treatment. Given the low quality of the evidence and the higher cost of treatment in face of existing treatment alternatives, fluoxetine still presents itself as the first choice drug for the treatment of MDD in adult patients, since its effectiveness is comparable to the evaluated technologies and it is better tolerated. We emphasize that despite not having been the object of comparison in this study other SSRIs such as sertraline, citalopram or escitalopram seem to have comparable efficacy to each other. As for duloxetine and trazodone, we found no evidence of direct comparison with fluoxetine.(AU)


TECNOLOGÍA: Duloxetina, venlafaxina y trazodona. INDICACIÓN: Depresión moderada o grave. CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LA TECNOLOGÍA: La parte venlafaxina y duloxetina del grupo antidepresivos de la recaptación de serotonina y norepinefrina (IRSN). La trazodona es un antidepresivo atípico, actúa mediante la inhibición de la recaptación de serotonina y bloquea los receptores adrenérgicos e histamina. Estos fármacos aumentan la cantidad de serotonina y/o norepinefrina en la hendidura sináptica, lo que aumenta la estimulación sináptica y la actividad de estas monoaminas en el SNC. PREGUNTA: ¿Las drogasduloxetina, venlafaxina, trazodona y son más eficaces para el tratamiento de la depresión mayor en adultos que la fluoxetina? BÚSQUEDA Y ANÁLISIS DE LA EVIDENCIA CIENTÍFICA: Se hicieron búsquedas en las bases de datos Medline (viaPubmed), Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD), The Cochrane Library y en LILACS. Mucha demanda hasta Revisiones Sistemáticas (RS) de ensayos clínicos que compararon la eficacia y seguridad de medicamentos duloxetina, venlafaxina, trazodona en comparación con la para el tratamiento de la depresión moderada o grave, que utiliza como criterio diagnóstico de las clasificaciones internacionales de la CID-10 y DSM IV. Para evaluar los objetivos secundarios relacionados con el abandono del tratamiento y los efectos adversos, se consideraron los datos de estudios observacionales presentes en el RS. La calidad de la evidencia se evaluaron utilizando el sistema GRADE. Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias y las guias terapéuticas fueron encuestados en las agencias y sitios web internacionales de la Red Brasileña de Evaluación de Tecnologías Sanitarias. RESUMEN DE LOS RESULTADOS DE LOS ESTUDIOS SELECCIONADOS: Se incluyeron doce RS con y meta-análisis. En la evaluación de la eficacia, los resultados de RS mostraron una ligera superioridad de venlafaxina frente de la fluoxetina. Una evaluación de la seguridad, para comprobar las tasas de abandono del tratamiento y la incidencia de eventos adversos, la mayoría de los estudios demostró inconclusa o ligeramente desfavorable a la duloxetina o venlafaxina en comparación con la fluoxetina. La mayoría de RS mostraron evidencia de baja calidad y contribuyeron a una recomendación débil a favor de la venlafaxina. Se incluyeron tres guías terapéuticas que no hacía distinciones entre los antidepresivos de segunda generación (por ejemplo, duloxetina, venlafaxina y trazodona) y los ISRS (por ejemplo fluoxetina) para los resultados de eficacia. RECOMENDACIONES: Los resultados de eficacia de este estudio apuntan para la indicación de la venlafaxina en caso de respuesta inadecuada al tratamiento con ISRS. Mientras que el mecanismo de acción de la venlafaxina parece estar relacionada con su superioridad terapéutica también se relacionó con sus limitaciones clínicas, especialmente en pacientes hipertensos o con problemas del corazón. La elección inicial de drogas debe basarse en diversos criterios, tales como reacciones adversas potenciales y el costo del tratamiento. Dada la baja calidad de la evidencia de los resultados presentados y el mayor costo del tratamiento en frente a de las alternativas de tratamiento existentes, la fluoxetina todavía presentase como el fármaco de primera elección para el tratamiento del trastorno depresivo mayor en adultos, ya que su eficacia es comparable a las tecnologías evaluadas con mejor tolerancia. Es de destacar que a pesar de no haber sido objeto de comparación en este estudio otros ISRS tales como sertralina, citalopram o escitalopram parecen tener una eficacia comparable entre ellos. Cuanto a la duloxetina y la trazodona, no se encontraron pruebas de comparación directa con la fluoxetina.(AU)


Sujet(s)
Humains , Dépression/traitement médicamenteux , Chlorhydrate de duloxétine/usage thérapeutique , Fluoxétine/usage thérapeutique , Trazodone/usage thérapeutique , Chlorhydrate de venlafaxine/usage thérapeutique , Analyse coût-bénéfice/économie , Évaluation de la technologie biomédicale , Résultat thérapeutique
9.
Belo Horizonte; CCATES; 2014. ilus, tab.
Non conventionel de Portugais | BRISA/RedTESA | ID: biblio-879005

RÉSUMÉ

TECNOLOGIA: Duloxetina e trazodona. INDICAÇÃO: Tratamento da dor neuropática diabética. CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA TECNOLOGIA: Duloxetina é um medicamento antidepressivo inibidor da recaptação de serotonina e noradrenalina (IRSN). A trazodona é um antidepressivo de segunda geração cujo mecanismo da ação ainda não está completamente elucidado. PERGUNTA: A duloxetina e a trazodona são seguras, eficazes e custo-efetivas no tratamento da dor neuropática diabética? BUSCA E ANÁLISE DE EVIDÊNCIAS CIENTÍFICAS: Foi realizada uma busca por revisões sistemáticas com metanálise e por estudos econômicos nas bases de dados The Cochrane Library (via Bireme), Medline (via Pubmed), LILACS e Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD). No caso da trazodona, devido à inexistência de revisões sistemáticas com metanálise, a busca foi refeita de modo a encontrar a melhor evidência disponível. Foram buscadas avaliações de tecnologias em saúde (ATS) em websites de agências internacionais e da Rede Brasileira de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde (REBRATS). Foram selecionados estudos publicados em espanhol, inglês e português. RESUMO DOS RESULTADOS DOS ESTUDOS SELECIONADOS: Foram incluídos sete estudos: quatro revisões sistemáticas e dois estudos econômicos relacionados à duloxetina e uma série de casos sobre a trazodona. Consideraram-se os desfechos nas revisões sistemáticas que abordaram eficácia e segurança da duloxetina: a redução na intensidade da dor, a taxa de resposta ao tratamento (≥50% na redução da dor), a impressão do paciente em relação à melhora e a ocorrência de eventos adversos. Essas revisões apresentaram resultados a favor da duloxetina, porém, na maioria dos estudos incluídos, o medicamento foi comparado ao placebo. Os comparativos diretos com outros medicamentos não foram conclusivos. Em todos os estudos que avaliaram a segurança foram observadas maiores taxas de eventos adversos para o grupo que utilizou duloxetina (60 ou 120 mg) quando comparada a placebo, havendo relatos de tontura, sonolência, dor de cabeça e prisão de ventre. A publicação que avaliou a eficácia e a segurança do medicamento trazodona mostrou resultados a favor dessa tecnologia, entretanto, nesse estudo, o medicamento não foi comparado a nenhuma outra intervenção, nem mesmo ao placebo. Além do mais, é uma série de casos, que não apresenta um nível de evidência tão alto quanto às revisões sistemáticas com metanálises. Nos estudos de custo-utilidade para a duloxetina, a medida de eficácia foi o número de pacientes que reportaram boa resolução da dor por meio de um relato subjetivo ou pela escala de Impressão Global do Paciente em Relação à Mudança/Melhora da dor e a medida de utilidade foi o QALY (Anos de Vida Ajustados por Qualidade). Um dos estudos favoreceu o uso da desipramina, um antidepressivo tricíclico (ATC), enquanto que o outro favoreceu a gabapentina, um anticonvulsivante. Pela busca por publicações nas agências internacionais e na REBRATS foi encontrado um estudo de custo-utilidade que indicou superioridade dos ATC (amitriptilina, clomipramina, nortriptilina, imipramina e maprotilina) em relação aos anticonvulsivantes (gabapentina e pregabalina) e IRSN (duloxetina e venlafaxina). Em outra publicação é recomendado o uso de amitriptilina, duloxetina, gabapentina e pregabalina para o tratamento da dor neuropática, exceto nos casos de neuralgia trigemial. RECOMENDAÇÕES: Recomenda-se fracamente o uso de duloxetina somente nos casos de falha terapêutica no uso de medicamentos disponíveis no SUS como os antidepressivos tricíclicos e a gabapentina. Ressalta-se que são poucas as comparações com outros medicamentos e nenhum estudo avaliou a duloxetina por um longo período de tempo, o que seria relevante devido à cronicidade da doença. Quanto à trazodona, recomenda-se fortemente contra o seu uso, uma vez que não existem evidências robustas de eficácia e segurança no tratamento da dor neuropática diabética. O único estudo incluído apresenta baixo nível de evidência.(AU)


TECHNOLOGY: Duloxetine and trazodone. INDICATION: Treatment of neuropathic diabetic pain. TECHNOLOGY CHARACTERIZATION: Duloxetine is a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor antidepressant (SNRI). Trazodone is a second generation antidepressant whose mechanism of action is not fully elucidated. QUESTION: Are duloexetine and trazodone safe, effective and cost-effective options in the treatment of neuropathic diabetic pain? SEARCH AND ANALYSIS OF SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE: We conducted a search for systematic reviews and economic studies in the databases The Cochrane Library (via Bireme), Medline (via Pubmed), LILACS and Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD). Manual search was also conducted on the internet and in the references of the studies found. Health Technology Assessments (HTA) were searched in international agencies: Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH), National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), Agencies y units of Evaluación Technologies Sanitarias (AUnETS), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), National Health Service (NHS) and the Brazilian Network for Health Technology Assessment (REBRATS). Studies published in English, Spanish and Portuguese could be selected. SUMMARY OF RESULTS OF THE SELECTED STUDIES: Seven studies were included, four systematic reviews and two economic studies related to duloxetine and a series of cases on trazodone. The outcomes in the systematic reviews were: reduction in pain intensity, the rate of treatment response (≥ 50% reduction in pain), the impression of the patient regarding the improvement and adverse events. These reviews showed results in favor of duloxetine, however, in most of the included studies the drug was compared with placebo. Direct comparisons with other medicines were not conclusive. In all studies that evaluated safety higher adverse event rates for the group receiving duloxetine (60 or 120 mg) compared to placebo were observed, there were reports of dizziness, drowsiness, headache and constipation. The publication that evaluated the efficacy and safety of trazodone showed results in favor of this technology, however, in this study, the drug was not compared to any other intervention, not even with placebo. Furthermore, it is a series of cases, which does not present a level of evidence as high as systematic reviews with meta-analyze. In cost-utility studies for duloxetine, the efficacy measure was the number of patients who reported good resolution of pain using a subjective report or the Global Impression Scale Patient in Relation to Change/ Improving pain and the utility measure was QALY (Quality Adjusted Life Years). One study favored the use of desipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA), while the other favored gabapentin, an anticonvulsant. After the search for publications in international HTA agencies and REBRATS we included a costutility study that indicated superiority of ATC (amitriptyline, clomipramine, nortriptyline, imipramine and maprotiline) compared to anticonvulsants (gabapentin and pregabalin) and SNRI (duloxetine and venlafaxine). Another study recommended the use of amitriptyline, duloxetine, pregabalin and gabapentin for the treatment of neuropathic pain, except in cases of neuralgia trigeminal. RECOMMENDATIONS: We weakly recommend the use of duloxetine in patients with treatment failure with tricyclic antidepressants or gabapentin, the two alternatives available through SUS. We emphasize that there are few fluoxetine comparisons with other medicines and no study evaluated duloxetine for a long period of time, which would be relevant due to chronicity of the disease. As for trazodone, we strongly recommend against it use since we did not find robust evidence on the efficacy and safety of this intervention in the treatment of neuropathic diabetic pain. The only included study represents a low level of evidence.(AU)


TECNOLOGÍA: Duloxetina y trazodona. INDICACIÓN: Tratamiento del dolor neuropático diabético. CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LA TECNOLOGÍA: La duloxetina es un antidepresivo inhibidor selectivo de la recaptación serotonina y norepinefrina (IRSN). La trazodona es un antidepresivo de segunda generación cuyo mecanismo de acción no está completamente dilucidado. PREGUNTA: ¿La duloxetina y trazodona son seguros, eficaces y costo-efectivos en el tratamiento del dolor neuropático diabético? BÚSQUEDA Y ANÁLISIS DE LA EVIDENCIA CIENTÍFICA: Una búsqueda de revisiones sistemáticas y estudios económicos se realizó en las bases de datos de la Cochrane Library (vía Bireme), MEDLINE (vía PubMed), LILACS y Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD). Una búsqueda por Evaluaciones de Tecnologías Sanitarias se realizó en los sítios eletrónicos de: Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH), National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), Agencias y Unidades de Tecnologías Sanitarias Evaluation (AUnETS), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), National Health Service (NHS) y de la Rede Brasileira de Avaliação Tecnologia e Saúde (REBRATS). Los estudios publicados en Inglés, Español y Portugués se podrían seleccionar. RESUMEN DE LOS RESULTADOS DE LOS ESTUDIOS SELECCIONADOS: Siete estudios fueron incluidos, entre ellos, cuatro revisiones sistemáticas, un ensayo clínico y dos estudios económicos. Se consideró en las revisiones sistemáticas la ocurrencia de eventos adversos y las medidas de eficacia: reducción en la intensidad del dolor, la tasa de respuesta al tratamiento (≥ 50% de reducción en el dolor), la impresión del paciente con respecto a la mejora. Estos estudios mostraron resultados a favor de la duloxetina, pero solo en relación con el placebo. La comparación directa con otros medicamentos no han sido concluyentes. En todos los estudios que evaluaron la seguridad se observaron mayores tasas de eventos adversos para el grupo que recibió la duloxetina (60 o 120 mg) en comparación con el placebo, hubo relato de mareo, somnolencia, dolor de cabeza y estreñimiento. La publicación que evaluó la eficacia y seguridad de trazodona mostró resultados en favor de esta tecnología. Sin embargo, no se comparó con cualquier otra intervención, incluso tampoco con el placebo. Además, se trata de una serie de casos, que no presenta un nivel de evidencia tan alto como las revisiones sistemáticas con meta análisis. En los estudios de coste-utilidad de la duloxetina, se incluyeron como medidas de eficacia el número de pacientes que informaron de la buena resolución del dolor utilizando un informe subjetivo o el paciente Escala Global Impresión en relación al cambio / Mejorando el dolor y como medida de utilidad los AVAC (años de vida ajustados por calidad). Un estudio favoreció el uso de desipramina, un antidepresivo tricíclico (ATC), mientras que el otro favorecida gabapentina, un anticonvulsivo. La búsqueda por ETS encontró un estudio de coste-utilidad que indicó superioridad de ATC (amitriptilina, clomipramina, nortriptilina, imipramina y maprotilina) en comparación con los anticonvulsivantes (gabapentina y pregabalina) y IRSN (duloxetina y venlafaxina). Y otro estudio que recomendó el uso de la amitriptilina, duloxetina, pregabalina y la gabapentina para el tratamiento del dolor neuropático, excepto en casos de trigemial neuralgia. RECOMENDACIONES: Se recomienda débilmente el uso de duloxetina en lugar de los antidepresivos tricíclicos (ATC) en los casos en que existe el fracaso del tratamiento en el uso de antidepresivo tricíclico y la gabapentina, las dos alternativas disponibles en el SUS. Se enfatiza que hay pocas comparaciones de duloxetina con otros medicamentos y ningún estudio ha evaluado la duloxetina por un largo período de tiempo, lo que sería relevante debido a la conicidad de la enfermedad. En cuanto a la trazodona, se recomienda fuertemente contra su uso, ja que no hay evidencia robusta de la eficacia y seguridad de esta intervención para el tratamiento del dolor neuropático diabético. Lo único estudio incluido representa un bajo nivel de evidencia.(AU)


Sujet(s)
Humains , Neuropathies diabétiques/traitement médicamenteux , Chlorhydrate de duloxétine/usage thérapeutique , Douleur , Trazodone/usage thérapeutique , Analyse coût-bénéfice/économie , Évaluation de la Santé/économie , Évaluation de la technologie biomédicale
10.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr ; 69(1): 44-9, 2011 Feb.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21359422

RÉSUMÉ

Sleep disorders (SD) in patients with dementia are very common in clinical practice. The use of antidepressants with hypnotic actions, such as trazodone, plays an important role in these cases. The aim of this study is to present a profile of the use of trazodone in demented patients with SD, as well as a review of trazodone hydrochloride in SD. We evaluated 178 elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, clinically presenting SD and treated with hypnosedative medications. In the one-year period comprising the study, 68 (38.2%) of the 178 had sleep disorders. Most patients (114; 64%) had a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Approximately 85% of patients with SD used hypnosedative drugs. Trazodone was the most commonly used drug among patients (N = 35), with an effectiveness of 65.7%. Trazodone has been shown to be a good option for treatment of the elderly with dementia and associated SD.


Sujet(s)
Démence/complications , Hypnotiques et sédatifs/usage thérapeutique , Troubles de la veille et du sommeil/traitement médicamenteux , Trazodone/usage thérapeutique , Sujet âgé , Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus , Antidépresseurs de seconde génération/usage thérapeutique , Démence/traitement médicamenteux , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Études rétrospectives
11.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; Arq. neuropsiquiatr;69(1): 44-49, Feb. 2011. tab
Article de Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-598345

RÉSUMÉ

Sleep disorders (SD) in patients with dementia are very common in clinical practice. The use of antidepressants with hypnotic actions, such as trazodone, plays an important role in these cases. The aim of this study is to present a profile of the use of trazodone in demented patients with SD, as well as a review of trazodone hydrochloride in SD. We evaluated 178 elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, clinically presenting SD and treated with hypnosedative medications. In the one-year period comprising the study, 68 (38.2 percent) of the 178 had sleep disorders. Most patients (114; 64 percent) had a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Approximately 85 percent of patients with SD used hypnosedative drugs. Trazodone was the most commonly used drug among patients (N = 35), with an effectiveness of 65.7 percent. Trazodone has been shown to be a good option for treatment of the elderly with dementia and associated SD.


Distúrbios do sono (DS) em pacientes com demência são muito comuns na prática clínica. O uso de antidepressivos com ação hipnótica, como a trazodona, tem um papel importante nesses casos. O objetivo desse estudo é apresentar um perfil do uso da trazodona em pacientes com demência e com DS, bem como revisar o cloridrato de trazodona no DS. Nós avaliamos 178 idosos com doença de Alzheimer (DA) e outras demências, clinicamente apresentando DS e que foram tratados com medicações hipnossedativas. No período de um ano de estudo, 68 (38,2 por cento) tiveram DS. A maioria (114; 64 por cento) tinham diagnóstico de DA. Aproximadamente 85 por cento usaram fármacos hipnossedativos. A trazodona foi a mais utilizada (N=35), com evidência de melhora de 65,7 por cento. A trazodona mostrou-se ser uma boa opção no tratamento de idosos com demência e DS associado.


Sujet(s)
Sujet âgé , Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Démence/complications , Hypnotiques et sédatifs/usage thérapeutique , Troubles de la veille et du sommeil/traitement médicamenteux , Trazodone/usage thérapeutique , Antidépresseurs de seconde génération/usage thérapeutique , Démence/traitement médicamenteux , Études rétrospectives
12.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr ; 67(2B): 407-12, 2009 Jun.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19623435

RÉSUMÉ

OBJECTIVE: To test the ability of a 5HT2a/c (trazodone) antagonist, to improve depression and motor function in Parkinson' disease (PD). METHOD: Twenty PD patients with and without depression were randomly assigned to receive trazodone (group 1) or not (group 2). They were evaluated through UPDRS and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). RESULTS: For the UPDRS the mean score of group 2 was 33.1 +/- 19.7 and 37.1 +/- 18.0 at the end. For the group 1, the corresponding scores were 31.4 +/- 11.3 and 25.9 +/- 13.7. The variations in the Mann-Whitney test were 0.734 at the initial moment and 0.208 at the final moment. The variation in the comparison of the initial moment with the final moment was 0.005 providing statistical significance. For the HAM-D, the mean score went up 4 points in group 2, contrary to a 5.5 points decrease in group 1. CONCLUSION: Data analysis shows that this agent significantly improves depression, but the motor function improved only in the depressed patients. Because of the known anti-dopaminergic property of the 5-HT2c receptors, a possible approach for depression in PD could be the use of 5-HT2c antagonists, similarly to the use of atypical neuroleptics in case of psychotic symptoms.


Sujet(s)
Dépression/traitement médicamenteux , Maladie de Parkinson/traitement médicamenteux , Inbiteurs sélectifs de la recapture de la sérotonine/usage thérapeutique , Antagonistes des récepteurs 5-HT2 de la sérotonine , Trazodone/usage thérapeutique , Sujet âgé , Dépression/étiologie , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Maladie de Parkinson/complications , Échelles d'évaluation en psychiatrie , Résultat thérapeutique
13.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; Arq. neuropsiquiatr;67(2b): 407-412, June 2009. graf, tab
Article de Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-519266

RÉSUMÉ

OBJECTIVE: To test the ability of a 5HT2a/c (trazodone) antagonist, to improve depression and motor function in Parkinson' disease (PD). METHOD: Twenty PD patients with and without depression were randomly assigned to receive trazodone (group 1) or not (group 2). They were evaluated through UPDRS and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D). RESULTS: For the UPDRS the mean score of group 2 was 33.1 ± 19.7 and 37.1 ± 18.0 at the end. For the group 1, the corresponding scores were 31.4 ± 11.3 and 25.9 ± 13.7. The variations in the Mann-Whitney test were 0.734 at the initial moment and 0.208 at the final moment. The variation in the comparison of the initial moment with the final moment was 0.005 providing statistical significance. For the HAM-D, the mean score went up 4 points in group 2, contrary to a 5.5 points decrease in group 1. CONCLUSION: Data analysis shows that this agent significantly improves depression, but the motor function improved only in the depressed patients. Because of the known anti-dopaminergic property of the 5-HT2c receptors, a possible approach for depression in PD could be the use of 5-HT2c antagonists, similarly to the use of atypical neuroleptics in case of psychotic symptoms.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia de um antagonista 5-HT2a/c (trazodona) na depressão e na função motora de pacientes com doença de Parkinson (DP). MÉTODO: Vinte pacientes com DP com e sem depressão foram randomizados e divididos em 2 grupos com e sem a trazodona (grupos 1 e 2). Foram avaliados pela escala UPDRS e a de depressão de Hamilton (EDH). RESULTADOS: A média inicial do grupo 2 na UPDRS foi 33,1 ± 19,7 no momento inicial e 37,1 ± 18,0 no final. Para o grupo 1 as médias correspondentes foram 31,4 ± 11,3 e 25,9 ± 13,7. As variações no teste de Mann-Whitney foram 0,734 no momento inicial e de 0,208 no final. A variação na comparação entre o momento inicial e o final foi 0,005, caracterizando significância estatística. Para a EDH a média subiu 4 pontos no grupo 2, e desceu 5,5 pontos no grupo 1. CONCLUSÃO: A análise estatística revelou melhora da depressão, porém o benefício na função motora foi obtido apenas entre os deprimidos. Do mesmo modo que os neurolépticos atípicos atuam nos sintomas psicóticos, a ação secundária dopaminérgica do antagonista 5-HT2c pode ser útil no tratamento da depressão na DP.


Sujet(s)
Sujet âgé , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Dépression/traitement médicamenteux , Maladie de Parkinson/traitement médicamenteux , /antagonistes et inhibiteurs , Inbiteurs sélectifs de la recapture de la sérotonine/usage thérapeutique , Trazodone/usage thérapeutique , Dépression/étiologie , Échelles d'évaluation en psychiatrie , Maladie de Parkinson/complications , Résultat thérapeutique
15.
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol ; 73(3): 390-7, 2007.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17684661

RÉSUMÉ

UNLABELLED: Tinnitus is a common symptom, defined as a sound perception in absence of a sound stimulus. AIM: Evaluate if Trazodone, an antidepressant drug, which modulates serotonin at central neuronal pathways, is effective in controlling tinnitus. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study performed with patients presenting tinnitus. 85 patients were analyzed between February and June of 2005. 43 received trazodone and 42 placebo, for 60 days. The clinical criteria of analysis were tinnitus intensity, discomfort and life quality impact by tinnitus, using an analogue scale varying between 0 and 10, scored by patients before and after drug or placebo use. RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in intensity, discomfort and life quality in both groups after treatment; however, there was no significant difference between the drug and placebo groups. Patients with age equal or over 60 years presented better results after treatment. CONCLUSION: Trazodone was not efficient in controlling tinnitus in the patients evaluated under the doses utilized.


Sujet(s)
Inbiteurs sélectifs de la recapture de la sérotonine/usage thérapeutique , Acouphène/traitement médicamenteux , Trazodone/usage thérapeutique , Sujet âgé , Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus , Méthode en double aveugle , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Études prospectives , Qualité de vie , Indice de gravité de la maladie
16.
Rev. bras. otorrinolaringol ; Rev. bras. otorrinolaringol;73(3): 390-397, maio-jun. 2007. tab
Article de Portugais | LILACS | ID: lil-457617

RÉSUMÉ

O zumbido é um sintoma freqüente, definido como percepção sonora auditiva na ausência de estímulo sonoro. OBJETIVO: Avaliar se a Trazodona, antidepressivo modulador da serotonina nas vias neuronais centrais, atua positivamente no controle do zumbido. Forma de Estudo: Prospectivo, duplo-cego, randomizado, controlado com placebo. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: estudo realizado com pacientes com zumbido. Oitenta e cinco pacientes foram avaliados entre fevereiro e junho de 2005, sendo que 43 pacientes receberam droga e 42, placebo, pelo período de 60 dias. Os critérios de análise foram intensidade, efeito sobre a qualidade de vida e grau de incômodo devido ao zumbido, através de escala analógica com notas de 0 a 10 dadas pelos pacientes antes e após o uso da trazodona ou placebo. RESULTADOS: Em ambos os grupos houve melhora da intensidade, qualidade de vida e incômodo após o tratamento, porém não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos droga e placebo. Quando se avaliou os critérios clínicos na faixa etária maior ou igual a 60 anos, obteve-se melhora nos níveis de intensidade, incômodo e efeito sobre a qualidade de vida após o tratamento. CONCLUSÃO: A trazodona não foi eficiente no controle do zumbido dos pacientes avaliados na dose utilizada.


Tinnitus is a common symptom, defined as a sound perception in absence of a sound stimulus. AIM: Evaluate if Trazodone, an antidepressant drug, which modulates serotonin at central neuronal pathways, is effective in controlling tinnitus. STUDY DESIGN : Prospective, double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled. Materials and Methods: Study performed with patients presenting tinnitus. 85 patients were analyzed between February and June of 2005. 43 received trazodone and 42 placebo, for 60 days. The clinical criteria of analysis were tinnitus intensity, discomfort and life quality impact by tinnitus, using an analogue scale varying between 0 and 10, scored by patients before and after drug or placebo use. RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in intensity, discomfort and life quality in both groups after treatment; however, there was no significant difference between the drug and placebo groups. Patients with age equal or over 60 years presented better results after treatment. CONCLUSION: Trazodone was not efficient in controlling tinnitus in the patients evaluated under the doses utilized.


Sujet(s)
Sujet âgé , Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Adulte d'âge moyen , Inbiteurs sélectifs de la recapture de la sérotonine/usage thérapeutique , Acouphène/traitement médicamenteux , Trazodone/usage thérapeutique , Méthode en double aveugle , Études prospectives , Qualité de vie , Indice de gravité de la maladie
18.
J Pediatr ; 147(3): 372-8, 2005 Sep.
Article de Anglais | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16182678

RÉSUMÉ

OBJECTIVES: Parents of children with opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome (OMS) frequently describe poor sleep and rage attacks. We hypothesized that these manifestations are related and could result from underlying monoaminergic dysfunction. STUDY DESIGN: We clinically characterized the sleep and behavioral characteristics of 51 young children with OMS; 19 of those with the most disruptive sleep patterns were treated with trazodone, a soporific serotonergic agent. RESULTS: Sleep disturbances, including prolonged sleep latency, fragmented sleep, reduced quantity of sleep, snoring, and non-restorative sleep, were reported in 32 children, and frequent rage attacks were reported in 25. In 59% of the poor sleepers, parents felt that the problem was severe enough to warrant treatment. Children sleeping <10 hours/night had a higher rage frequency than those who slept more. Of the children who required trazodone, 84% were receiving corticosteroids or adrenocorticotropic hormone (corticotrophin), compared with 37% in the subgroup with normal sleep. Trazodone (3.0 +/- 0.4 mg/kg/day) improved sleep and behavior in 95% of the children, significantly increasing total sleep time by 72%, decreasing the number of awakenings by 76%, and reducing rage attacks by 33%. CONCLUSIONS: Children with OMS exhibited multiple types of sleep disturbances, which contributed to rage attacks. Trazodone was effective in improving sleep and decreasing rage attacks and was well tolerated, even in toddlers.


Sujet(s)
Symptômes affectifs/traitement médicamenteux , Syndromes neurologiques paranéoplasiques/psychologie , Fureur , Inbiteurs sélectifs de la recapture de la sérotonine/usage thérapeutique , Troubles de la veille et du sommeil/traitement médicamenteux , Trazodone/usage thérapeutique , Adolescent , Symptômes affectifs/étiologie , Enfant , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Relation dose-effet des médicaments , Femelle , Humains , Nourrisson , Mâle , Études rétrospectives , Troubles de la veille et du sommeil/étiologie , Trazodone/administration et posologie , Résultat thérapeutique
20.
Buenos Aires; Médica Panamericana; 1997. xii,212 p. ilus.
Monographie de Espagnol | BINACIS | ID: biblio-1193613

RÉSUMÉ

Anatomía funcional del pene.- Mecanismos que regulan la erección.- Disfunción sexual eréctil: Etiología, diagnóstico, tratamiento.- Medicación oral; Aplicación transepitelial de drogas vasoactivas; Tratamiento hormonal; Fármacotest; Inyección intracavernosa: complicaciones.- Disfunción sexual eréctil orgánica y psicógena con erección farmacológica.- Disfunción sexual eréctil en la diabetes y el tabaquismo


Sujet(s)
Mâle , Humains , Alprostadil/usage thérapeutique , Comportement sexuel/physiologie , Dysfonctionnement érectile/traitement médicamenteux , Éjaculation , Érection du pénis , Papavérine/usage thérapeutique , Priapisme/traitement médicamenteux , Pénis/anatomie et histologie , Urologie , Alprostadil/effets indésirables , Androgènes/physiologie , Androgènes/usage thérapeutique , Comportement sexuel , Congénères de la testostérone/administration et posologie , Congénères de la testostérone/usage thérapeutique , Dysfonctionnement érectile/diagnostic , Dysfonctionnement érectile/étiologie , Éjaculation/physiologie , Érection du pénis/physiologie , Yohimbine/pharmacologie , Yohimbine/usage thérapeutique , Minoxidil/administration et posologie , Minoxidil/usage thérapeutique , Naltrexone/pharmacologie , Naltrexone/usage thérapeutique , Nitroglycérine/administration et posologie , Nitroglycérine/usage thérapeutique , Papavérine/effets indésirables , Pipérazines/pharmacologie , Pipérazines/usage thérapeutique , Piracétam/administration et posologie , Piracétam/usage thérapeutique , Priapisme/thérapie , Pénis , Trazodone/pharmacologie , Trazodone/usage thérapeutique
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