Primary sinonasal lymphoma: A multi-institutional experience of clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Sinonasal lymphoma (SL) is a heterogeneous, underrecognized neoplastic disorder with limited outcomes data. We sought to better define outcomes by subtype and treatment at 2 referral centers over the past 2 decades. METHODS: Demographics, clinicopathologic data, and treatment outcomes for patients treated for SL were queried from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2021 at 2 tertiary academic medical centers. RESULTS: Eighty-four patients were included, with an average age at diagnosis of 63.4 ± 15 years. There were 34 females (40.5%). The majority of patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score of <2 (76.2%) and the most common presenting symptom was facial swelling/pain (26.2%). The most common primary site was the nasal cavity (36.9%). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was the most common subtype (46.4%), followed by extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (17.9%). Chemotherapy was the most common treatment strategy (n = 59, 70.2%), followed by radiation therapy (n = 35, 41.7%) and immunotherapy (n = 24, 28.6%). Disease-specific survival rates at 1, 5, and 10 years were 85.7%, 73.6%, and 58.6%, respectively. Eighteen patients (21.4%) developed recurrence. On multivariate analysis, higher ECOG score (p < 0.0001) and history of head and neck radiation (p = 0.048) were associated with worse survival. Younger age was associated with greater risk of recurrence (p = 0.022) and male sex was associated with more treatment side effects (p = 0.012). CONCLUSION: This is the largest multi-institutional analysis of SL characteristics and outcomes. Our work suggests that, although disease control in the first 5 years is reasonable, 10-year outcomes remain challenging. Further studies are needed to investigate new treatment paradigms and risk stratification.

Plasmocitoma extramedular solitario rinosinusal: reporte de caso y revisión de literatura / Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the rhinosinusal cavity: a case report and literature review

Resumen El plasmocitoma extramedular solitario (PES) es una neooplasia maligna infrecuente caracterizada por una proliferación aislada de células plasmáticas monoclonales en tejido extramedular. La localización más frecuente es en cabeza y cuello con predominio en el territorio rinosinusal, sin embargo, estas lesiones malignas representan menos del 1% de los tumores de esta región anatómica. El diagnostico requiere una alta sospecha clínica, análisis histopatológico acucioso, estudios serológicos y exámenes radiológicos sistémicos de acuerdo a los criterios diagnósticos establecidos en la literatura internacional. Se analiza el caso de un paciente masculino con un PES que se presentó como un tumor de fosa nasal derecha y obstrucción nasal de meses de evolución con hallazgos clínicos e imagenológicos inespecíficos. El diagnóstico definitivo se realizó mediante biopsia endoscópica nasal y estudio histopatológico. El tratamiento fue abordado de manera multidisciplinaria entre otorrinolaringología, hematología y radiooncología. De acuerdo a las guías internacionales, se decidió realizar radioterapia localizada con buen resultado clínico precoz. El PES requiere un abordaje multidisciplinario para lograr un diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno, siendo imprescindible la exclusión del mieloma múltiple debido a las diferencias terapéuticas y en pronóstico clínico. El tratamiento puede realizarse con radioterapia y/o cirugía, siendo la radioterapia el pilar de tratamiento.

Abstract Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) is a rare malignant neoplasm characterized by isolated proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells in extramedullary tissue. The most frequent location is in the head and neck with a predominance in the rhinosinusal territory; however, these malignant lesions represent less than 1% of the tumors in this anatomical region. The diagnosis requires a high clinical suspicion, careful histopathological analysis, serological studies and systemic radiological examinations according to the diagnostic criteria established in the international literature. We analyze the case of a male patient with SEP that presented as a tumor of the right nostril and nasal obstruction of months of evolution with nonspecific clinical and imaging findings. The definitive diagnosis was made by nasal endoscopic biopsy and histopathological study. The treatment was approached by multidisciplinary teamwork. According to international guidelines, it was decided to perform localized radiotherapy with good early clinical results. SEP requires a multidisciplinary approach to achieve a timely diagnosis and treatment, being essential exclusion of multiple myeloma due to the therapeutic differences and prognosis. Treatment can be done with radiation therapy and/or surgery; radiation therapy is the mainstay of treatment.

Ethmoid glomangioma and oncogenic osteomalacia: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Glomangioma is a benign tumor of mesenchymal origin, derived from the glomus body. It is responsible for the thermal regulation of the dermis. The occurrence of oncogenic osteomalacia related to glomangioma is rare. Only two cases have been reported thus far. CASE PRESENTATION: A 32-year-old female, Brazilian, presented diffuse pain, during pregnancy, that developed progressively, limiting her mobility. Imaging showed a femoral neck fracture, and rheumatological laboratory examination showed hypophosphatemia. Also, the patient reported episodes of epistaxis during childhood and recurrence along with progressively right nasal obstruction. Endoscopic resection of the tumor was performed, and immunohistochemistry was conclusive for glomangioma. This case report describes the third case in which endonasal endoscopic surgery resulted in a favorable outcome. CONCLUSION: This case of glomangioma-induced oncogenic osteomalacia suggests that surgeons and clinicians should consider sinonasal tumors as a differential diagnosis of osteomalacia, and endonasal endoscopic surgery should be a possible curative resection.

Spindle cell hemangioma of nasal passage and ethmoidal sinus in a 4-month old infant. / Hemangioma fusocelular en las fosas nasales y los senos etmoidales en un lactante de 4 meses de edad.

Spindle cell hemangioma (SCH) is a benign unusual vascular neoplasm. It does not have gender predilection and can occur at all ages. The disease affects dermis and subcutis of distal extremities predominantly; head and neck involvement is very rare, paranasal sinus involvement has not been reported before. Herein we present a 4-month-old infant with nasal obstruction since two weeks of age due to a mass in ethmoid sinus obliterating the nasal passage. After the histopathological diagnosis of SCH, the tumor was partially resected. In the sixth month follow-up, there was minimal regression of residual lesions. In the imaging studies performed 30 months after the surgery, the residual mass was found to be disappeared. SCH is not frequent in the head and neck, and presentation of some patients may not suggest the diagnosis. Histopathology is important for differential diagnosis and to orientate treatment. Awareness of SCH may increase the reported cases.

El hemangioma fusocelular es una neoplasia vascular benigna infrecuente. Afecta la dermis y la hipodermis de la parte distal de las extremidades; la afectación de la cabeza y el cuello es muy poco frecuente y nunca se informó compromiso de los senos paranasales. Este es el caso de un lactante de 4 meses con obstrucción nasal desde las 2 semanas debido a un tumor en los senos etmoidales que obstruía las fosas nasales. Se diagnosticó hemangioma fusocelular y se extirpó parcialmente el tumor. A los seis meses de seguimiento, se observó una regresión mínima con lesiones residuales. A los 30 meses, se observó que el tumor residual había desaparecido. El hemangioma fusocelular es infrecuente en cabeza y cuello y, a veces, la presentación no es indicativa del diagnóstico. El examen histopatológico ayuda con el diagnóstico diferencial y el tratamiento. La sensibilización sobre el hemangioma fusocelular podría aumentar los casos informados.

Sinonasal mucoepidermoid carcinoma: a review of the National Cancer Database.

BACKGROUND: Primary sinonasal mucoepidermoid carcinoma (SN-MEC) is a malignancy arising from seromucinous glands of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Given its rarity, few large-scale studies have been performed. In this study we describe the incidence and determinants of survival of patients with SN-MEC leveraging the National Cancer Database (NCDB). METHODS: This was a retrospective, population-based cohort study of patients diagnosed with SN-MEC between 2004 and 2012 within the NCDB. The main outcome measure was overall survival (OS). RESULTS: A total of 164 patients were identified. The cohort was composed of 47.6% males. Mean age at diagnosis was 59.7 years. The maxillary sinus was the most common primary site, accounting for 45.7% of cases. Eleven percent of patients presented with nodal disease, whereas 2.1% had distant metastases. Stage IV disease was seen in 30.4% of cases. A total of 79.8% of the patients underwent surgery, 61.0% received radiation therapy, and 15.1% had chemotherapy. OS at 1, 2, and 5 years was 83%, 77.0%, and 57%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, Medicaid insurance status (hazard ratio [HR], 7.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.74-30.57), advanced tumor size (HR, 4.94; 95% CI, 1.19-20.5), and advanced nodal disease (N1: HR, 9.48; 95% CI, 1.66-54.23; N2B: HR, 19.3; 95% CI, 1.07-350.64) were associated with worse OS. CONCLUSION: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common salivary gland malignancy but a rare sinonasal malignancy, with 5-year survival for SN-MEC approximating 50%. A significant proportion of patients present with advanced disease. Both socioeconomic factors and tumor characteristics are associated with survival.

Woakes Syndrome: A Rare Cause of Proptosis due to Sinonasal Polyposis.

The authors report 2 consecutive adult male patients, aged 61 and 38 years, who presented with painless unilateral proptosis. Their past medical histories were negative for asthma, allergies, and Graves disease. On examination, the nose bridge of the eldest patient was clearly enlarged. Computed tomography scans of the orbits and paranasal sinuses showed in both patients the same radiologic pattern of hyperdense ethmoidal opacifications and expansion of the inferomedial orbital floor. Histopathological analysis of the ethmoidal cells mucosa obtained during inferomedial decompression revealed benign sinonasal polyposis. These cases demonstrate that asymptomatic sinonasal polyposis can be a rare cause of proptosis.

Utilidad de imagen de banda estrecha en un caso de melanoma mucoso de septum nasal / Utility of narrow band Imaging in a nasal septum mucosal melanoma case

En los últimos años, se está utilizando la fibrolaringoscopía con imagen de banda estrecha (NBI) como técnica novedosa para observar el patrón específico de microvas-cularización de una lesión concreta a evaluar. Es conocida por su utilidad en el diagnóstico de otras lesiones de vías aerodigestivas superiores, fundamentalmente laríngea y digestiva. Los melanomas mucosos son tumores infrecuentes, que suelen localizarse a nivel del área rinosinusaly que comportan un manejo y pronóstico distinto con respecto a los melanomas cutáneos. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente mujer con anamnesis, exploración y fibrolaringoscopía con imagen de banda estrecha, compatible con melanoma mucoso de fosa nasal izquierda. El tratamiento realizado fue quirúrgico, sin necesidad de tratamiento coadyuvante, y no presenta evidencia de enfermedad al año postseguimiento.

In recent years, it is being used fibrolaryngoscopy with narrowband image (NBI) as a novel technique to observe the specific pattern of microvasculature of a particular lesion. NBI is known for its usefulness in the diagnosis of other lesions of the upper aerodigestive tract, (primarily laryngeal and digestive lesions). Mucosal melanomas are rare tumors, which are usually located at the level of rhino-sinusal area and involving a different prognosis and management regarding cutaneous melanomas. We report a female patient case with anamnesis, clinical examination and NBI compatible with mucosal melanoma of left nostril. Surgical treatmentwas performed without adjuvant therapy, and there is no evidence of disease at one year post-monitoring.

Schwannoma nasal / Nasal Schwannoma

Introdução: O Schwannoma é uma neoplasia benigna com origem nas células de Schwann presentes na bainha de nervos autossômicos periféricos. Localiza-se cranial ou extracranial. Na cabeça e pescoço constitui 30 a 45% dos casos extracraniais, sendo que 4% deles estão localizados no nariz e seios paranasais. Relato do caso: Paciente feminina, 37 anos, realizou tomografia de crânio após queda para investigar trauma cranioencefálico. Esta identificou velamento de seios paranasais à esquerda. O achado motivou a investigação da hiposmia e obstrução nasal à esquerda de longa data. À rinoscopia anterior, observou-se lesão expansiva polipoide ocupando a fossa nasal, não permitindo a passagem do nasofibroscópio. Tomografia computadorizada evidenciou lesão ocupando totalmente a fossa nasal esquerda, velamento do seio maxilar e células etmoidais anteriores e posteriores à esquerda. Realizou-se exérese endoscópica da lesão, que tinha provável origem no recesso esfenoetmoidal. A biópsia transoperatória com congelação observou lesão inflamatória. A confirmação do diagnóstico de Schwannoma foi feita pelo anatomopatológico e imuno-histoquímica, que evidenciou alta reatividade à proteína S-100. Discussão: As lesões intranasais unilaterais apresentam inúmeras possibilidades diagnósticas. Os sintomas são inespecíficos e os exames de imagem pouco esclarecedores. Neste relato, a tomografia sugeriu pólipo de Killian ou papiloma invertido pela unilateralidade da lesão. Porém, as características histopatológicas e a imunorreatividade à proteína S-100 auxiliaram na confirmação diagnóstica. Conclusão: O Schwannoma intranasal faz parte do diagnóstico diferencial das lesões intranasais. O exame histopatológico e a imunohistoquímica são de extrema importância para confirmação diagnóstica frente à inespecificidade dos sintomas e achados radiológicos (AU)

Introduction: Schwannoma is a benign neoplasm originating in the Schwann cells present in the sheath of peripheral autosomal nerves. It is located cranially or extracranially. In the head and neck it comprises 30 to 45% of extracranial cases, 4% of which located in the nose and paranasal sinuses. Case report: A 37-year-old female patient underwent skull tomography after a fall to investigate cranioencephalic trauma. This identified veiling of paranasal sinuses on the left. The finding motivated the investigation of long-standing hyposmia and nasal obstruction on the left. At anterior rhinoscopy, an expansive polypoid lesion occupying the nasal fossa was observed, not allowing the nasofibroscope to pass. Computed tomography revealed a lesion totally occupying the left nasal fossa, maxillary sinus veil, and anterior and posterior ethmoid cells on the left. Endoscopic excision of the lesion that was likely to originate in the sphenoethmoidal recess was performed. Intraoperative biopsy with freezing showed an inflammatory lesion. Confirmation of the Schwannoma diagnosis was made by pathology and immunohistochemistry that showed high reactivity to S-100 protein. Discussion: Unilateral intranasal lesions present numerous diagnostic possibilities. The symptoms are nonspecific and imaging exams are not very elucidating. In this report, CT scan suggested a Killian polyp or inverted papilloma due to the unilaterality of the lesion. However, the histopathological characteristics and immunoreactivity to the S-100 protein aided in the diagnostic confirmation. Conclusion: Intranasal Schwannoma is part of the differential diagnosis of intranasal lesions. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemistry are extremely important for diagnostic confirmation in the face of the non-specificity of symptoms and radiological findings (AU)

A systematic review of sinonasal oncocytomas and oncocytic carcinomas: Diagnosis, management, and technical considerations.

BACKGROUND: Oncocytomas and oncocytic carcinomas are rare tumors of the sinonasal cavity with the propensity for local invasion. This report and systematic review details a case of a nasal oncocytoma involving the lacrimal sac and provides an update of the current literature. METHODS: A systematic literature review was performed using PubMed and Ovid databases. The data obtained from published articles with sinonasal oncocytoma/oncocytic carcinoma as the primary diagnosis included patient demographics, presentation, radiographic and histologic findings, management, and recurrence rates. RESULTS: Twenty cases were identified. The most common symptoms were epistaxis (n = 11) and nasal obstruction (n = 11). Involvement of the nasal cavity was most common (n = 17), followed by the paranasal sinuses (n = 13) and nasolacrimal apparatus (n = 4). Recurrence occurred in 55% of cases. Recurrence was associated with invasion or infiltration found on histology or the presence of both invasion/infiltration and mitotic figures/pleomorphism (p < 0.05), with no significant relationship between recurrence and age at diagnosis (p = 0.42), sex (p = 0.65), and location of tumor (p = 0.14). The authors present the case of a 73-year-old woman with a 5-month history of worsening epistaxis and biopsy-proven oncocytoma. Complete surgical resection of the tumor using combined endonasal endoscopic and anterior orbitotomy approach is described. CONCLUSION: Oncocytomas and oncocytic carcinomas are rare tumors of the sinonasal cavity with a high rate of local recurrence and orbital involvement. Surgical resection is the treatment of choice and complete resection can be achieved with an endoscopic endonasal approach.

Pseudotumor inflamatorio nasosinusal: reporte de un caso / Inflammatory pseudotumor sinonasal: a case report / Pseu-dotumor inflamatório nasossinusal: relatório de um caso

El pseudotumor inflamatorio (PTI) es una entidad no neoplásica, de etiología desconocida, caracterizada por la proliferación de un infiltrado inflamatorio policlonal sobre un estroma de tejido conjuntivo. Pueden ser definidos como lesiones que clínica y radiológicamente simulan neoplasias. El pseudotumor inflamatorio puede causar dolor facial, obstrucción nasal, exoftalmos y discapacidad visual y con frecuencia causa la erosión y destrucción ósea. Los corticoesteroides, la radioterapia y la cirugía se han utilizado como modalidades de tratamiento, solos o en combinación.

The inflammatory pseudotumour (IPT) is a nonneoplastic entity of unknown origin, and is characterised by a proliferation of connective tissue and a polyclonal inflammatory infiltrate. May be defined as lesions that clinically and radiologically simulate neoplasms. Inflammatory pseudotumour sometimes causes facial pain, nasal obstruction, exophthalmos and visual impairment, and often causes bone erosion and destruction. Corticosteroids, radiotherapy and surgery have been used as treatment modalities either on their own or in combination.

O pseudo-tumor inflamatório (PTI) é uma entidade não neoplásica de etiologia desconhecida, caracterizada pela proliferação de um infiltrado inflamatório policlonal em um estroma do tecido conjuntivo. Podem ser definidos como lesões que simulam neoplasias clínica e radiologicamente. O pseudo-tumor Inflamatório pode causar dor facial, obstrução nasal, exoftalmia (olhos saltados), deficiência visual e freqüentemente provoca o desgaste e a destruição óssea. Os cortiçoesteroides, a radioterapia e a cirurgia têm sido usadas como modalidades de tratamento, por si só ou em combinação.

Glomangiopericitoma: reporte de un caso / Glomangiopericytoma: a case report

El glomangiopericitoma es un tumor nasosinusal extremadamente raro, más frecuente en pacientes de edad avanzada y en mujeres. Si bien su etiopatogenia es desconocida, se reconocen ciertos factores predisponentes tales como hipertensión arterial, embarazo, trauma y uso de corticoides. Para su diagnóstico, resulta necesario recurrir tanto a estudio por imágenes como a la histología y técnicas de inmunohistoquímica. Microscópicamente se caracteriza por un prominente crecimiento perivascular de células uniformes ovales o fusiformes, dispuestas en fascículos cortos intercalados con capilares de diámetros variables ramificados en "asta de ciervo" y presenta inmuno-rreactividad positiva para actina, factor XIII-A y vimentina principalmente. Clínicamente este tumor presenta un comportamiento generalmente benigno, pero con una elevada tasa de recurrencia. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 71 años, con antecedentes de hipertensión arterial, que acudió a nuestro centro por rinorrea purulenta y epistaxis unilateral derecha de 5 años de evolución. Al examen se observa masa polipoidea en fosa nasal derecha con abundante vascularización, sin otros hallazgos al examen físico. La lesión es resecada en su totalidad mediante cirugía endoscópica. El estudio histológico e inmunohistoquímico son compatibles con glomangiopericitoma. La paciente evoluciona con remisión de su sintomatología y a los dos meses desde la resección no ha presentado evidencias de recurrencia.

Glomangiopericytoma is an extremely rare sinonasal tumor, more common among elderly and women. Although its etiology and pathogeny are unknown, there are certain predisposing factors, such as arterial hypertension, pregnancy, trauma and corticosteroids. To diagnose this tumor, it is necessary imaging, histopathologic and inmunohistochemical studies. At the microscopic study, it is characterized by a prominent perivascular growth of oval-shaped or fusiform cells, arranged in short fascicles separated by capillary vessels of variable diameters, with staghorn-like ramifications, and lmmunohistochemistry positive mainly for actin, XIII-A factor and vimentin. Clinically, this tumor has a generally benign behavior, but with high recurrence percentage. We present the case of a 71 years old woman, with history of hypertension, who present in our center with a 5 years history of purulent rhinorrhea and right unilateral epistaxis, at the physical exam there is a polypoid mass in the right nasal fossa with rich vascularization, with no other findings. This tumor was resected entirely with endoscopic surgery. Histology and immunohistochemistry were compatible witch gomangiopericytoma. The patient evolve with remission of her symptoms and with no signs of recurrence at two-month follow-up.

Tumoración endonasal y fractura de cadera derecha como cuadro clínico de un caso de melanoma mucoso nasosinusal / Endonasal tumor and right hip fracture as clinical presentation of a case of sinonasal mucosal melanoma

El melanoma mucoso se considera un subtipo distinto al cutáneo. El 40% a 50% de los melanomas mucosos están localizados en la cabeza y el cuello, siendo los más frecuentes los nasosinusales y los de cavidad oral; en la porción anterior del tabique nasal y los cornetes inferior y medio. Estas neoplasias se originan de los melanocitos de la mucosa y submucosa nasosinusal. Generalmente se diagnostican tardíamente, frecuentemente con metástasis a distancia. Ante clínica nasosinusal unilateral sospechosa es muy importante una exploración exhaustiva de las vías aerodigestivas superiores y posteriormente, un estudio anatomopatológico. Se presenta a una paciente de 56 años, con historia de epistaxis de repetición de meses de evolución. En la exploración presenta una tumoración polipoidea que ocupa toda la fosa nasal derecha, con desviación septal y deformidad de la pirámide nasal. El estudio anatomopatológico informa de melanoma maligno infiltrante. Durante la hospitalización, la paciente presenta dificultad para caminar y dolor en cadera derecha, siendo diagnosticada por traumatología de fractura basicervical. Durante la cirugía, se envía fragmento óseo de cadera para estudio anatomopatológico, compatible con lesión de sustrato tisular óseo metastatizado por una proliferación celular de morfología e inmunofenotipo de melanoma.

The mucosal melanoma is considered a distinct subtype of cutaneous melanoma. The 40%-50% of cases of mucosal melanomas is located in the head and neck, the most common are found in sinonasal level and in the oral cavity; In the anterior portion of the nasal septum and the inferior and middle turbinates. Those neoplasms originate from the malignant cells found in the mucosa and submucosa. Usually are lately diagnosed, with distant metastases. If suspicious unilateral sinonasal manifestations appears is extremely important to realize an exhaustive exploration of superior aerodigestive vias and a histopathological examination of the lesion. We present a 56 year old with repeated epistaxis of several months of duration. The examination revealed a polypoid tumor occupying the entire right nostril, septal deviation and deformity of the nasal pyramid. Pathological studies reports infiltrating malignant melanoma. During the hospitalization the patient has difficulty walking and pain in the right hip, being diagnosed by Traumatology of fracture basicervical. During the surgery, a bone fragment hip is sent for anathomopathology study which is reported as bone tissue injury support substrate metastasized malignant cell proliferation by immunophenotype and morphology of melanoma.

A case report: primary melanoma of the nasal cavity / Un reporte de caso: melanoma primario de la cavidad nasal

We report a rare case of sinonasal mucosal malignant melanoma in the nasal cavity. The patient had respiratory difficulty, continuous epistaxis and nasal pain. We identified a malignant tumour which is a rare pathology with detailed physical examination, anterior rhinoscopy, computed tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathologic examination. The patient did not accept surgical procedures and was referred for chemotherapy or immunotherapy. Continued follow-up of this is necessary.

Reportamos un caso raro de melanoma maligno de la mucosa del tracto nasosinusal. El paciente tenía dificultad respiratoria, epistaxis continua, y dolor nasal. Identificamos un tumor maligno que es una patología, con examen físico detallado, rinoscopia anterior, tomografía computarizada (TC), resonancia magnética (MRI) y examen histopatológico. El paciente no aceptaba los procedimientos quirúrgicos y fue remitido para quimioterapia o inmunoterapia. Es necesario realizar un seguimiento continuo.

[Pseudo-pituitary tumor and hypopituitarism secondary to a sphenoid sinus inverted papilloma]. / Pseudo-tumor pituitario e hipopituitarismo secundario a un papiloma invertido del seno esfenoidal.

Inverted papilloma (IP) is a benign uncommon epithelial tumor, arising mostly from the lateral nasal wall. Though benign, this lesion is highly invasive into surrounding tissues and malignant transformation may occur. Primary IP of the sphenoid sinus and intracranial extension with dural invasion, even without histological evidence of malignancy, has only rarely been described. Hypopituitarism as a complication of this lesion has never been reported. We describe the case of a 59-year-old woman who was evaluated because of a 5-year-history of severe headaches and abnormalities in the visual field. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a 1.4 per 2.0 cm heterogeneous sellar lesion with suprasellar and sphenoid sinus extension, eroding the sellar floor with optic chiasm compression. Otolaryngologists gave her 16 mg/day of prednisone during approximately 3 months with a near total regression of the mass on MRI. The endocrine biochemical evaluation showed pituitary gonadal, thyroid and adrenal insufficiency. A new MRI showed growth of the tumor with obliteration of the sphenoid sinus. An endoscopic sinus biopsy revealed an IP, so a transnasal endoscopic sinus surgery was performed with complete resection evidenced by MRI a year later.

Pseudo-tumor pituitario e hipopituitarismo secundario a un papiloma invertido del seno esfenoidal / Pseudo-pituitary tumor and hypopituitarism secondary to a sphenoid sinus inverted papilloma

El papiloma invertido (PI) es un tumor epitelial benigno, poco frecuente, que se origina mayormente de la pared nasal lateral. A pesar de ser benigno, constituye una lesión altamente invasiva de tejidos vecinos y puede sufrir una transformación maligna. El PI primario del seno esfenoidal con extensión intracraneana e invasión dural, aun sin evidencia histológica de malignidad, ha sido excepcionalmente descrito. Describimos el caso de una mujer de 59 años de edad que fue evaluada por cefaleas intensas de 5 años de evolución y anormalidades del campo visual. Una resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN) mostró una masa selar heterogénea de 1.4 por 2 cm con extensión supraselar y al seno esfenoidal, con erosión del piso selar y compresión del quiasma óptico. Recibió 16 mg/día de prednisona durante aproximadamente 3 meses con una regresión casi total de la masa en la RMN. En la evaluación hormonal se halló insuficiencia gonadal, tiroidea y adrenal central. En una nueva RMN se observó crecimiento del tumor con compromiso total del seno esfenoidal. Una biopsia endoscópica confirmó el diagnóstico de PI. Se realizó una cirugía sinusal transnasal endoscópica con una resección completa evidenciada en una RMN un año más tarde.

nverted papilloma (IP) is a benign uncommon epithelial tumor, arising mostly from the lateral nasal wall. Though benign, this lesion is highly invasive into surrounding tissues and malignant transformation may occur. Primary IP of the sphenoid sinus and intracranial extension with dural invasion, even without histological evidence of malignancy, has only rarely been described. Hypopituitarism as a complication of this lesion has never been reported. We describe the case of a 59-year-old woman who was evaluated because of a 5-year-history of severe headaches and abnormalities in the visual field. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a 1.4 per 2.0 cm heterogeneous sellar lesion with suprasellar and sphenoid sinus extension, eroding the sellar floor with optic chiasm compression. Otolaryngologists gave her 16 mg/day of prednisone during approximately 3 months with a near total regression of the mass on MRI. The endocrine biochemical evaluation showed pituitary gonadal, thyroid and adrenal insufficiency. A new MRI showed growth of the tumor with obliteration of the sphenoid sinus. An endoscopic sinus biopsy revealed an IP, so a transnasal endoscopic sinus surgery was performed with complete resection evidenced by MRI a year later.

Pseudo-tumor pituitario e hipopituitarismo secundario a un papiloma invertido del seno esfenoidal / Pseudo-pituitary tumor and hypopituitarism secondary to a sphenoid sinus inverted papilloma

El papiloma invertido (PI) es un tumor epitelial benigno, poco frecuente, que se origina mayormente de la pared nasal lateral. A pesar de ser benigno, constituye una lesión altamente invasiva de tejidos vecinos y puede sufrir una transformación maligna. El PI primario del seno esfenoidal con extensión intracraneana e invasión dural, aun sin evidencia histológica de malignidad, ha sido excepcionalmente descrito. Describimos el caso de una mujer de 59 años de edad que fue evaluada por cefaleas intensas de 5 años de evolución y anormalidades del campo visual. Una resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN) mostró una masa selar heterogénea de 1.4 por 2 cm con extensión supraselar y al seno esfenoidal, con erosión del piso selar y compresión del quiasma óptico. Recibió 16 mg/día de prednisona durante aproximadamente 3 meses con una regresión casi total de la masa en la RMN. En la evaluación hormonal se halló insuficiencia gonadal, tiroidea y adrenal central. En una nueva RMN se observó crecimiento del tumor con compromiso total del seno esfenoidal. Una biopsia endoscópica confirmó el diagnóstico de PI. Se realizó una cirugía sinusal transnasal endoscópica con una resección completa evidenciada en una RMN un año más tarde.(AU)

nverted papilloma (IP) is a benign uncommon epithelial tumor, arising mostly from the lateral nasal wall. Though benign, this lesion is highly invasive into surrounding tissues and malignant transformation may occur. Primary IP of the sphenoid sinus and intracranial extension with dural invasion, even without histological evidence of malignancy, has only rarely been described. Hypopituitarism as a complication of this lesion has never been reported. We describe the case of a 59-year-old woman who was evaluated because of a 5-year-history of severe headaches and abnormalities in the visual field. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a 1.4 per 2.0 cm heterogeneous sellar lesion with suprasellar and sphenoid sinus extension, eroding the sellar floor with optic chiasm compression. Otolaryngologists gave her 16 mg/day of prednisone during approximately 3 months with a near total regression of the mass on MRI. The endocrine biochemical evaluation showed pituitary gonadal, thyroid and adrenal insufficiency. A new MRI showed growth of the tumor with obliteration of the sphenoid sinus. An endoscopic sinus biopsy revealed an IP, so a transnasal endoscopic sinus surgery was performed with complete resection evidenced by MRI a year later.(AU)