Helping others but Hurting Yourself? The underlying mechanism linking helping behavior to task performance.

Helping behavior positively influences organizational effectiveness, which is why the importance of this behavior is highlighted in Chinese enterprises, and employees are encouraged to engage in it. However, from an actor-centric perspective, helping behavior is not always beneficial. In this paper, cognitive-affective personality system theory is applied to link helping behavior to task performance, thus enhancing the understanding of the effects of helping behavior. By adopting a two-wave questionnaire survey, data from 202 leader-subordinate dyads were gathered. Then, the BruceR (V0.7.2) package of Rstudio (V4.1.1) was used to generate a multi-mediated moderation model and test the hypotheses. The following results were obtained: 1) Helping behavior was negatively associated with task performance. 2) Cognitive irritation and emotional exhaustion serially mediated the influences of helping behavior on task performance. 3) Team-level communal goal striving moderated the indirect influence of helping behavior on task performance; the indirect influence was only significant when the levels of team communal goal striving were low. From an actor-centric perspective, this paper presents evidence for the connection between helping behavior and task performance. Numerous implications for management approaches are presented to maximize the management of helping behavior.

Alignment-free sequence comparison for virus genomes based on location correlation coefficient.

Coronaviruses (especially SARS-CoV-2) are characterized by rapid mutation and wide spread. As these characteristics easily lead to global pandemics, studying the evolutionary relationship between viruses is essential for clinical diagnosis. DNA sequencing has played an important role in evolutionary analysis. Recent alignment-free methods can overcome the problems of traditional alignment-based methods, which consume both time and space. This paper proposes a novel alignment-free method called the correlation coefficient feature vector (CCFV), which defines a correlation measure of the L-step delay of a nucleotide location from its location in the original DNA sequence. The numerical feature is a 16×L-dimensional numerical vector describing the distribution characteristics of the nucleotide positions in a DNA sequence. The proposed L-step delay correlation measure is interestingly related to some types of L+1 spaced mers. Unlike traditional gene comparison, our method avoids the computational complexity of multiple sequence alignment, and hence improves the speed of sequence comparison. Our method is applied to evolutionary analysis of the common human viruses including SARS-CoV-2, Dengue virus, Hepatitis B virus, and human rhinovirus and achieves the same or even better results than alignment-based methods. Especially for SARS-CoV-2, our method also confirms that bats are potential intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2.

Choroidal neovascularization secondary to half-dose photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: A case report.

RATIONALE: Half-dose or reduced-fluence photodynamic therapy (PDT) with verteporfin has been well acknowledged to be the most effective and permanent treatment with very low rates of complications. However, we report a case of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) who developed choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to half-dose PDT within only 3 weeks. Such an occurrence following this short a course of treatment has not been reported previously. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 46-year-old Chinese man who had been diagnosed as acute more than 1 year ago revisited our department recently and complained of blurred vision again in his left eye. DIAGNOSES: Fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) revealed patchy hyperfluorescent dots and optical coherence tomography (OCT) indicated irregular flat pigment epithelium detachment (PED) in the central macula. The patient was diagnosed with chronic CSC. INTERVENTIONS: The patient was treated by half-dose PDT with verteporfin. Three weeks later, the patient complained of sudden blurred vision and fundus examination showed macular hemorrhages with a best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/250. OCT angiography (OCTA) showed a distinct area of flower-like CNV located within the deep retinal slab. Secondary CNV had developed after a quite short course of half-dose PDT treatment. Subsequently, the patient was administered by 2 intravitreal injections of aflibercept (2 mg). OUTCOMES: Two months after the second intravitreal injection, macular hemorrhages and secondary CNV were completely resolved, and the BCVA improved to 20/25. LESSONS: Patients of chronic CSC with irregular PED who undergo PDT should be warned of secondary CNV within a short course after treatment. If happened, it should be treated by intravitreal injections of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents as soon as possible.