ABSTRACT
Objectives: Delirium, an acute change in mental state, seen in hospitalized older adults is a growing public health concern with implications for both patients and caregivers; however, there is minimal research on educating caregivers about delirium. Utilizing family caregivers to assist with delirium management in acute care settings demonstrates improved health outcomes supporting the need for patient and family centered care. The primary aims of the study were to determine feasibility of implementing a delirium education video for caregivers of patients in an adult oncology intensive care unit and compare delirium knowledge to caregivers in a control group. Methods: A quasi-experimental design comprised of 31 family caregivers of adult patients in an oncology intensive care unit to determine feasibility of implementing a delirium education video. Results: The results demonstrate feasibility of implementing a caregiver education video in-person and virtually. While total delirium knowledge scores were not statistically significant, knowledge gained within the delirium presentation subgroup was significant (p = .05). Conclusion: This study demonstrates feasibility of implementing a caregiver education video and findings support further research in this area. Innovation: Collaborating with caregivers to develop virtual video education for delirium allows for a versatile approach to connect with caregivers to support their caregiving role.
ABSTRACT
Fewer than 20% of persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) engage in enough exercise to manage MS symptoms and improve function. To address this problem, the authors developed a conceptual model to promote exercise among persons with MS through the patient-provider interaction within health care settings. The current qualitative study evaluated and refined the conceptual model based on 32 semistructured interviews involving persons with MS. The data were subject to inductive, semantic thematic analysis. Participants highlighted that the conceptual model was a necessary addition to current MS care and noted multiple strengths regarding its design (e.g., structure) and content (e.g., patient-provider interaction). Furthermore participants noted areas of the conceptual model that could be improved (e.g., less focus on neurologists as exercise promoters). This comprehensive evaluation yielded a refined conceptual model for exercise promotion in MS through the patient-provider interaction.
ABSTRACT
Participation in exercise yields meaningful benefits among persons with multiple sclerosis (MS), yet this population engages in low rates of health-promoting physical activity. The disconnect between evidence of benefits and rates of participation requires consideration of new opportunities for changing this health behavior. The current article hypothesizes that the patient-provider interaction offers a fertile opportunity for promoting exercise behavior in MS.
Subject(s)
Exercise , Health Behavior , Health Personnel , Multiple Sclerosis/rehabilitation , Professional-Patient Relations , Humans , Qualitative Research , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Older adults with low vision are especially vulnerable to falls. There are no comprehensive reviews of fall prevention interventions for older adults with vision loss who live in the community. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to review the evidence regarding community-based falls prevention interventions that appear inclusive of and/or accessible to individuals with low vision. METHOD: A scoping review was completed using the framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley, and the charted data were analyzed using sums and percentages and qualitative content analysis. FINDINGS: Seventeen publications were selected for this review. The analysis allowed for a thorough description of the types of falls prevention interventions (multiple components, home safety/modification, tai chi, the Alexander Technique, improvement of vision through vision assessment and referral, vision/agility training, and yoga), how each intervention addresses vision impairment, and the relation of results to falls risk. IMPLICATIONS: Falls prevention research targeting individuals with visual impairment is limited, and the intervention approaches available may not be effective for older adults with permanent vision loss.
Subject(s)
Accidental Falls/prevention & control , Occupational Therapy , Vision, Low/complications , Aged , Exercise , Humans , Independent LivingABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To preliminarily validate the Visual Skills for Reading Test (VSRT) for assessing reading performance in persons with homonymous hemianopia (HH) or quadrantanopia. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: University-based outpatient low vision rehabilitation center. PARTICIPANTS: Persons (N=38) with HH or quadrantanopia who completed the VSRT. INTERVENTIONS: Validation procedures included testing for equivalence of the 3 test versions, estimation of internal consistency reliability, and known-group comparison using VSRT results from previous studies of adults with normal vision and central field loss. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Corrected reading rate, reading accuracy rate, type and number of reading errors, and completion time were recorded and evaluated. RESULTS: Cronbach α for the VSRT across all participants was .80, which indicated good internal consistency. A known-group comparison showed that persons with a visual field deficit read significantly slower than did normally sighted adults (t580=10.13; P<.0001). Persons with quadrantanopia read significantly faster than did persons with HH (t36=2.25; P=.03) or those with central field loss (t48=3.17; P=.0027). These findings confirmed that the VSRT correctly discriminated between groups in terms of reading performance. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary validation results indicate that the VSRT demonstrates adequate evidence of reliability and validity to evaluate reading performance in adults with HH or quadrantanopia.
