[Use of recombinant alpha2-interferon in combination with myelosan for the treatment of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia]. / Primenenie rekombinantnogo alpha2-interferona v sochetanii s mielosanom dlia lecheniia bol'nykh khronicheskim mieloleikozom.

The authors present results of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment with recombinant and leukocytic interferon in monotherapy and in combination with myelosan. The best responses (72% of complete hematological remissions) were obtained in patients pretreated with myelosan (one course of 1-1.5 months) in combination with natural antioxidants.

[Functional activity of the nucleolar organizer in the interphase granulocytic nuclei in chronic myeloid leukemia]. / Funktsional'naia aktivnost' iadryshkovogo organizatora v interfaznnykh iadrakh granulotsitov pri khronicheskom mieloleikoze.

Silver staining was used to investigate transcription activity of ribosomal genes of leukemia granulocytes in the interphase in 32 patients with PA-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and 26 healthy subjects. Visual calculation of nucleolar argentophilic granules (AG) and measurements of AG total area on cytoanalyzer Morphoquant were made. Introduction of a specially devised computer program and combination of silver staining with autoradiography in vitro (3H-thymidine) made it possible to quantify the activity of the ribosome genes in each phase of the mitotic cycle (G0/1, S, G2). Moreover, a significant difference was established in AgNO3 staining capacity of mature granulocyte nuclei in normal condition and in CML.

[New criteria for differential diagnosis of polycythemia vera and erythrocytosis]. / Novyi kriterii dlia differentsial'noi diagnostiki istinnoi politsitemii i éritrotsitozov.

"Laborskel-analyzer" (PSL-1) was used to estimate red blood cell volume for the differential diagnosis in 36 polycythemia vera, 20 erythrocytosis patients and 30 normal subjects. Erythrocyte count of polycythemia vera patients (I, IIA and IIB stages) showed a shift to the left (an increase of microcytic fractions), while erythrocyte count++ of 20 erythrocytosis patients (16 of them with a relative erythrocytosis and 4 with an absolute erythrocytosis) were close to erythrocyte count++ of normal subjects. The counting of the percent content of erythrocytic fractions of varying volumes has proved fraction 5 with the erythrocytic volume from 56 microns 3 to 62 microns 3 to have the highest information content. The percent content of this fraction in polycythemia vera fluctuated from 3.9 to 19.5%, and in erythrocytosis it was from 0.9 to 3.0%, that could serve as a criterion for the differential diagnosis of polycythemia vera and erythrocytosis.

[A method for predicting the course of chronic myeloleukemia]. / Sposob prognozirovaniia techeniia khronicheskogo mieloleikoza.

The effects of a synthetic prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) analog on colony-forming activity in agar cultures of peripheral blood and bone marrow was studied in 28 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia and 9 hematologically healthy subjects. Addition of PGE1 to normal bone marrow culture was followed by a significant drop in the number of colonies per dish in 8 out of the 9 subjects. In leukemic patients, the effect was bizarre. It proved to be in correlation with survival thus suggesting that the effect of PGE1 on colony-forming activity of granulocyte-macrophage precursors be used in predicting survival in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.

[Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia]. / Khronicheskii mielomonotsitarnyi leikoz.

Retrospective analysis of 23 cases of chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) was presented. Clinical findings, peripheral blood and bone marrow indices, ultrastructural, cytochemical, biochemical (the level of serum and urine lysozyme), cytogenetic investigations as well as the type of leukemic cell growth in culture (monolayer) were considered. Proceeding from the above analysis, the authors found it appropriate to attribute CMML to myelodysplasia.

Ph1-positive acute leukemia in a patient with Hodgkin's disease treated by irradiation and chemotherapy.

A case of acute undifferentiated leukemia with a Ph1-chromosome and a typical translocation t(9;22) is reported in a 54-year-old female with Hodgkin's disease. The interval from diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease to the development of acute leukemia was 19 months. Treatment of Hodgkin's disease consisted of combined cytotoxic therapy including irradiation and chemotherapy. Detection of Ph1-chromosome in undifferentiated blasts supports the suggestion of leukemogenic chromosomal aberration within uncommitted hemopoietic cells.

[Familial myeloproliferative syndrome (study of 4 families and review of the literature)]. / Semennyi mieloproliferativnyi sindrom (issledovanie chetyrekh semei i obzor literatury).

The authors describe 4 families whose members showed myeloproliferative diseases. In one of the families, polycythemia vera (PV) was seen in twin brother and sister, in the other one, chronic myeloleukemia (CML) afflicted both daughter and mother, and in the two remaining families PV and CML afflicted two brothers and mother and daughter, respectively. It was established that neutrophil phosphatase activity was lowered not only in the afflicted brother but also in healthy members of the third family. Based on the reported and their own data the authors arrive at the conclusion that familial myeloproliferative diseases occur in rare cases. In all the cases of familial myeloproliferative diseases, the transmission of the illness by heredity was discovered to be impossible. It was also ascertained that transmitted by heredity are only those cell deficiencies of the tissues that later on will be afflicted by leukemia or will develop immunodeficiency manifested by increased mutation of the myelopoietic cells (DNA repair deficiencies) or by inability to eliminate the leukemic cells.

[Characteristics of clonal evolution in patients with myelocytic leukemia]. / Osobennosti klonal'noi evoliutsii u bol'nykh khronicheskim mieloleikozom.

The authors report the results of the clinical, cytochemical, cytogenetic and kinetic studies (3H-thymidine autoradiography and scanning integrating cytospectrophotometry of DNA) in a male patient with chronic myeloleukemia with blast infiltration of the lymph nodes. Analysis of the karyotype and kinetic aspects of leukemic cells obtained from the blood, bone marrow, spleen and hyperplastic lymph nodes was performed over time at different disease periods. Based on the data obtained the authors suggest that aneuploid blasts may maturate before segmented granulocytes. The probability of the medullary origin of aneuploid clones is discussed.