Airway management in mucopolysaccharidosis: a retrospective case series review.

Airway management can be difficult in surgeries of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis. We performed a retrospective review of 31 surgeries performed between 2015 and 2019. The mean age of the patients was 127.6 months. MPS-IV and MPS-VI were the most frequent subtypes. Orthopedic surgeries were the most common surgery type. Difficult intubation was seen in 10 procedures. All patients with difficult intubation were aged over 36 months. Video laryngoscopy was the most common intubation method. Seventeen patients were followed up in the intensive care unit. Although video laryngoscopy seems to be a safe method in these patients, one should always be prepared for alternative methods.

Airway management in mucopolysaccharidosis: a retrospective case series review

Abstract Airway management can be difficult in surgeries of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis. We performed a retrospective review of 31 surgeries performed between 2015 and 2019. The mean age of the patients was 127.6 months. MPS-IV and MPS-VI were the most frequent subtypes. Orthopedic surgeries were the most common surgery type. Difficult intubation was seen in 10 procedures. All patients with difficult intubation were aged over 36 months. Video laryngoscopy was the most common intubation method. Seventeen patients were followed up in the intensive care unit. Although video laryngoscopy seems to be a safe method in these patients, one should always be prepared for alternative methods.

Comparison of propofol and midazolam on patients undergoing spinal surgery with intraoperative wake-up test: randomized clinical trial / Comparação de propofol e midazolam em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de coluna vertebral com teste de despertar no intraoperatório: estudo clínico randomizado

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Instrumentation in correction operations for spinal deformities carries a 0.5-5% risk of injuring the spinal cord. The wake-up test is used for early detection of these injuries. In this study we compared the effects of propofol and midazolam during wake-up test in scoliosis surgery. METHODS: Thirty patients were randomly assigned as group P and group M. Anesthesia was induced with propofol 2.5 mg kg-1 for group P or midazolam 0.5 mg kg-1 for group M with remifentanil 0.5 µg kg-1 and cisatracurium 0.15 mg kg-1 for both groups. At the maintenance of anesthesia O2/air and infusions of remifentanil and cisatracurium were used. In group P, propofol 6-10 mg kg-1 h-1 and in group M, midazolam 0.5 mg mg kg-1 were preferred. Approximately 15 min before the wake-up test, all drugs were discontinued. At the wake-up test, anesthesiologist asked the patients to open their eyes and squeeze his/her hand at every 30 s until the patients responded. Then patients were told to wiggle their toes. Hemodynamic parameters, time of eye-opening, appropriate movement upon verbal command were evaluated. BIS frequency throughout the operation was recorded. RESULTS: The eye opening time was 9 ± 2.15 min in group P and 7 ± 3.15 min in group M. Motor movement time was 12 ± 2.55 min in group P and 21.25 ± 3.93 min in group M. CONCLUSION: Propofol provided better wake-up conditions and conducted a better neurologic assessment within the same BIS values than midazolam.

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A instrumentação em cirurgias de correção de deformidades da coluna vertebral tem risco de 0,5 a 5% de lesionar a medula espinhal. O teste de despertar é usado para a detecção precoce dessas lesões. Neste estudo comparamos os efeitos de propofol e midazolam durante o teste de despertar em cirurgia de escoliose. MÉTODOS: Trinta pacientes foram designados de forma aleatória para os grupos P e M. A anestesia foi induzida com propofol (2,5 mg kg-1) no grupo P ou midazolam (0,5 mg kg-1) no grupo M, com remifentanil (0,5 µg kg-1) e cisatracúrio (0,15 mg kg-1) em ambos os grupos. A manutenção da anestesia foi feita com O2/ar e infusões de remifentanil e cisatracúrio. Nos grupos P e M, respectivamente, doses de propofol (6-10 mg kg-1 h-1) e de midazolam (0,5 mg mg kg-1) foram preferidas. Aproximadamente 15 min antes do teste de despertar, todos os medicamentos foram interrompidos. No teste de despertar, o anestesiologista pedia ao paciente que abrisse os olhos e apertasse sua mão a cada 30 s até que o paciente respondesse. Depois, o paciente era solicitado a mexer os dedos dos pés. Os parâmetros hemodinâmicos, o tempo de abertura dos olhos e o movimento apropriado sob comando verbal foram avaliados. A frequência do BIS foi registrada durante toda a cirurgia. RESULTADOS: O tempo de abertura dos olhos foi de 9 ± 2,15 min no grupo P e de 7 ± 3,15 min no grupo M. O tempo de movimento motor foi de 12 ± 2,55 min no grupo P e de 21,25 ± 3,93 min no grupo M. CONCLUSÃO: Propofol proporcionou melhores condições de despertar e possibilitou uma melhor avaliação neurológica dentro dos mesmos valores do BIS que midazolam.

Comparison of propofol and midazolam on patients undergoing spinal surgery with intraoperative wake-up test: randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Instrumentation in correction operations for spinal deformities carries a 0.5-5% risk of injuring the spinal cord. The wake-up test is used for early detection of these injuries. In this study we compared the effects of propofol and midazolam during wake-up test in scoliosis surgery. METHODS: Thirty patients were randomly assigned as group P and group M. Anesthesia was induced with propofol 2.5 mg kg(-1) for group P or midazolam 0.5 mg kg(-1) for group M with remifentanil 0.5 µg kg(-1) and cisatracurium 0.15 mg kg(-1) for both groups. At the maintenance of anesthesia O2/air and infusions of remifentanil and cisatracurium were used. In group P, propofol 6-10 mg kg(-1)h(-1) and in group M, midazolam 0.5 mg mg kg(-1) were preferred. Approximately 15 min before the wake-up test, all drugs were discontinued. At the wake-up test, anesthesiologist asked the patients to open their eyes and squeeze his/her hand at every 30s until the patients responded. Then patients were told to wiggle their toes. Hemodynamic parameters, time of eye-opening, appropriate movement upon verbal command were evaluated. BIS frequency throughout the operation was recorded. RESULTS: The eye opening time was 9 ± 2.15 min in group P and 7 ± 3.15 min in group M. Motor movement time was 12 ± 2.55 min in group P and 21.25 ± 3.93 min in group M. CONCLUSION: Propofol provided better wake-up conditions and conducted a better neurologic assessment within the same BIS values than midazolam.

[Comparison of propofol and midazolam on patients undergoing spinal surgery with intraoperative wake-up test: randomized clinical trial]. / Comparação de propofol e midazolam em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de coluna vertebral com teste de despertar no intraoperatório: estudo clínico randomizado.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Instrumentation in correction operations for spinal deformities carries a 0.5-5% risk of injuring the spinal cord. The wake-up test is used for early detection of these injuries. In this study we compared the effects of propofol and midazolam during wake-up test in scoliosis surgery. METHODS: Thirty patients were randomly assigned as group P and group M. Anesthesia was induced with propofol 2.5mgkg(-1) for group P or midazolam 0.5mgkg(-1) for group M with remifentanil 0.5µgkg(-1) and cisatracurium 0.15mgkg(-1) for both groups. At the maintenance of anesthesia O2/air and infusions of remifentanil and cisatracurium were used. In group P, propofol 6-10mgkg(-1)h(-1) and in group M, midazolam 0.5mgmgkg(-1) were preferred. Approximately 15min before the wake-up test, all drugs were discontinued. At the wake-up test, anesthesiologist asked the patients to open their eyes and squeeze his/her hand at every 30s until the patients responded. Then patients were told to wiggle their toes. Hemodynamic parameters, time of eye-opening, appropriate movement upon verbal command were evaluated. BIS frequency throughout the operation was recorded. RESULTS: The eye opening time was 9±2.15min in group P and 7±3.15min in group M. Motor movement time was 12±2.55min in group P and 21.25±3.93min in group M. CONCLUSION: Propofol provided better wake-up conditions and conducted a better neurologic assessment within the same BIS values than midazolam.

Intraoperative esmolol infusion reduces postoperative analgesic consumption and anaesthetic use during septorhinoplasty: a randomized trial / Infusão intraoperatória de esmolol reduz o consumo pós-operatório de analgésicos e o uso de anestésico durante a septorrinoplastia: estudo randômico / La infusión intraoperatoria de esmolol reduce el consumo postoperatorio de analgésicos y el uso de anestésico durante la septorrinoplastia: estudio aleatorizado

Background and objectives: Esmolol is known to have no analgesic activity and no anaesthetic properties; however, it could potentiate the reduction in anaesthetic requirements and reduce postoperative analgesic use. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of intravenous esmolol infusion on intraoperative and postoperative analgesic consumptions as well as its effect on depth of anaesthesia. Methods: This randomized-controlled double blind study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital between March and June 2010. Sixty patients undergoing septorhinoplasty were randomized into two groups. History of allergy to drugs used in the study, ischaemic heart disease, heart block, bronchial asthma, hepatic or renal dysfunction, obesity and a history of chronic use of analgesic or β-blockers were considered cause for exclusion from the study. Thirty patients received esmolol and remifentanil (esmolol group) and 30 patients received normal saline and remifentanil (control group) as an intravenous infusion during the procedure. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and bispectral index values were recorded every 10min. Total remifentanil consumption, visual analogue scale scores, time to first analgesia and total postoperative morphine consumption were recorded. Results: The total remifentanil consumption, visual analogue scale scores at 0, 20 and 60 min, total morphine consumption, time to first analgesia and the number of patients who needed an intravenous morphine were lower in the esmolol group. Conclusions: Intravenous infusion of esmolol reduced the intraoperative and postoperative analgesic consumption, reduced visual analogue scale scores in the early postoperative period and prolonged the time to first analgesia; however it did not influence the depth of anaesthesia. .

Justificativa e objetivos: Esmolol é conhecido por não ter atividade analgésica e propriedades anestésicas; porém, pode potenciar a redução da necessidade de anestésicos e reduzir o uso de analgésicos no pós-operatório. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da infusão de esmolol por via intravenosa sobre o consumo de analgésico durante os períodos intraoperatório e pós-operatório, bem como seu efeito sobre a profundidade da anestesia. Métodos: Este estudo randômico, controlado e duplo-cego foi conduzido em um hospital terciário entre março e junho de 2010. Foram randomicamente divididos em dois grupos 60 pacientes programados para serem submetidos à septorrinoplastia. História de alergia aos medicamentos usados no estudo, isquemia cardíaca, bloqueio cardíaco, asma brônquica, insuficiência hepática ou renal, obesidade e história de uso crônico de analgésicos ou β-bloqueadores foram os critérios de exclusão. Trinta pacientes receberam esmolol e remifentanil (grupo esmolol) e 30 receberam soro fisiológico e remifentanil (grupo controle) via perfusão intravenosa. Pressão arterial média, frequência cardíaca e valores do índice bispectral foram registrados a cada 10 minutos. Consumo total de remifentanil, escores da escala visual analógica, tempo para a primeira analgesia e consumo total de morfina no pós-operatório foram registrados. Resultados: O consumo total de remifentanil, os escores da escala visual analógica nos minutos 0, 20 e 60, o consumo total de morfina, o tempo para a primeira analgesia e o número de pacientes que precisaram de morfina intravenosa foram menores no grupo esmolol. Conclusões: Esmolol em infusão intravenosa reduziu o consumo de analgésicos tanto no intraoperatório ...

Justificación y objetivos: El esmolol se conoce porque no posee actividad añalgésica ni propie-dades anestésicas; sin embargo, puede potenciar la reducción de la necesidad de anestésicos y disminuir el uso de analgésicos en el postoperatorio. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de la infusión de esmolol por vía intravenosa sobre el consumo de analgésico durante los períodos intraoperatorio y postoperatorio, como también su efecto sobre la profundidad de la anestesia. Métodos: Este estudio aleatorizado, controlado y doble ciego fue llevado a cabo en un hospital terciario entre marzo y junio de 2010. Sesenta pacientes programados para someterse a la septorrinoplastia fueron aleatoriamente divididos en 2 grupos. El historial de alergia a los medicamentos usados en el estudio, isquemia cardíaca, bloqueo cardíaco, asma bronquial, insuficiencia hepática o renal, obesidad e historial de uso crónico de analgésicos o ß-bloqueantes, fueron los criterios de exclusión del estudio. Treinta pacientes recibieron esmolol y remifenta-nilo (grupo esmolol) y 30 pacientes recibieron suero fisiológico y remifentanilo (grupo control), vía perfusión intravenosa durante el procedimiento. La presión arterial media, frecuencia cardíaca y valores del índice biespectral fueron registrados cada 10 min. Se registraron el consumo total de remifentanilo, puntuaciones de la escala visual analógica, tiempo para la primera analgesia y el consumo total de morfina en el postoperatorio. Resultados: El consumo total de remifentanilo, las puntuaciones de la escala visual analógica en los minutos 0, 20 y 60, el consumo total de morfina, el tiempo para la primera analgesia y el número de pacientes que necesitaron morfina intravenosa fueron menores en el grupo esmolol. Conclusiones: El esmolol en infusión intravenosa ...

[Intraoperative esmolol infusion reduces postoperative analgesic consumption and anaesthetic use during septorhinoplasty: a randomized trial]. / Infusão intraoperatória de esmolol reduz o consumo pós-operatório de analgésicos e o uso de anestésico durante a septorrinoplastia: estudo randômico.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Esmolol is known to have no analgesic activity and no anaesthetic properties; however, it could potentiate the reduction in anaesthetic requirements and reduce postoperative analgesic use. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of intravenous esmolol infusion on intraoperative and postoperative analgesic consumptions as well as its effect on depth of anaesthesia. METHOD: This randomized-controlled double blind study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital between March and June 2010. Sixty patients undergoing septorhinoplasty were randomized into two groups. History of allergy to drugs used in the study, ischaemic heart disease, heart block, bronchial asthma, hepatic or renal dysfunction, obesity and a history of chronic use of analgesic or ß-blockers were considered cause for exclusion from the study. Thirty patients received esmolol and remifentanil (esmolol group) and 30 patients received normal saline and remifentanil (control group) as an intravenous infusion during the procedure. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and bispectral index values were recorded every 10min. Total remifentanil consumption, visual analogue scale scores, time to first analgesia and total postoperative morphine consumption were recorded. RESULTS: The total remifentanil consumption, visual analogue scale scores at 0, 20 and 60min, total morphine consumption, time to first analgesia and the number of patients who needed an intravenous morphine were lower in the esmolol group. CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous infusion of esmolol reduced the intraoperative and postoperative analgesic consumption, reduced visual analogue scale scores in the early postoperative period and prolonged the time to first analgesia; however it did not influence the depth of anaesthesia.