ABSTRACT
We have studied in BALB/c mice the hematological alterations of the host induced by the growth of tumor cells in diffusion chambers (DC) In this model, host-tumor interactions are only mediated by soluble factors. Tumor cells proliferate and grow in DC up to 15 days after implant. Our results show a reversal of the granulocyte-lymphocyte ratio in peripheral blood, with lymphopenia and a relative increase of myeloid progenitors in the bone marrow of mice bearing DC with M3 tumor cells (M3TC).
Subject(s)
Adenoma , Granulocytes/cytology , Mammary Neoplasms, Animal , Animals , Bone Marrow Cells , Cell Adhesion/physiology , Cell Division/physiology , Diffusion Chambers, Culture , Female , Leukocyte Count , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Tumor Cells, Cultured/cytologyABSTRACT
The delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response and lymphocyte-mediated angiogenesis were determined in mice bearing in vivo cultures of mammary tumor cells in diffusion chambers (DCs). Soluble tumor products which diffuse from the DCs were able to stimulate the immune system for both the DTH reaction and angiogenic activity by spleen cells.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Hypersensitivity, Delayed , Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology , Neovascularization, Pathologic , Adenocarcinoma/blood supply , Adenocarcinoma/immunology , Animals , Culture Techniques/instrumentation , Culture Techniques/methods , Diffusion , Lymphocytes/immunology , Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/blood supply , Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Tumor Cells, CulturedABSTRACT
This study was designed to examine the possible role of sex steroid hormones on mast cells localized in uterus draining lymph nodes (UDLN) in mice. Young virgin estrous animals had more mast cells than diestrous animals in both the UDLN and popliteal lymph nodes (PLN). In retired breeders there were no differences in mast cell numbers of estrous and diestrous animals. There were no differences in mast cell numbers among weanling and older animals in diestrous in the UDLN but, in the PLN, mature animals in either diestrous or estrous had more mast cells than the PLN of weanlings. In mature animals, ovariectomy did not alter mast cell number in either node. However, ovariectomy of weanlings increased mast cell numbers in the PLN but not in the UDLN. These results suggest that the UDLN behaves as a nonclassical target organ for the endocrine system, with mast cell number variations related to gonadal steroid levels.
Subject(s)
Gonadal Steroid Hormones/physiology , Lymph Nodes/cytology , Mast Cells/cytology , Animals , Cell Count , Diestrus , Estrus , Female , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C/anatomy & histology , Mice, Inbred BALB C/immunology , Ovariectomy , UterusABSTRACT
The periodicity of the estrual cycle in mice was studied by vaginal cytology during the growth of a hormone-independent mammary adenocarcinoma. A direct relationship between age progression and lengthening of estrual cycle was observed in control mice but not in tumor-bearing mice of the same age. These results suggest that hormone regulation of the estrual cycle may be affected in tumor-bearing hosts.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/physiopathology , Estrus , Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/physiopathology , Animals , Female , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , PeriodicityABSTRACT
Different spleen and tumor cell factors modifying tumoral and metastatic growth were studied. Spleen cell culture supernatants (SCS) from small and large tumor-bearing mice enhanced tumor growth. After tumor surgery, tumor enhancement was only mediated by supernatants from large tumor resected mice. Tumor facilitation and angiogenic response were mediated by the same supernatants; different fractions for these two activities were characterized. T and non-T cells, depending on tumor burden, were responsible for the enhancing activity; but angiogenesis depended only on T cells. While augmentation of metastatic spread was produced by tumor antigens (soluble tumor extracts, tumor-cell supernatants, formolized tumor cells), primary tumor development was not modified by tumor-cell supernatants. Increased incidence of metastases was also mediated by SCS from tumor resected mice which had previously been inoculated with tumor antigens. Immune status of tumor-resected mice was evaluated by delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction. Tumor cell membranes enriched with cholesterol-hemisuccinate were able to increase anti-tumor immune response.
Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/immunology , Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/secondary , Animals , Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology , Cell Membrane/drug effects , Cholesterol Esters/pharmacology , Lymphocytes/physiology , Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology , Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/secondary , Mice , Neoplasm Metastasis , Spleen/pathologyABSTRACT
Different spleen and tumor cell factors modifying tumoral and metastatic growth were studied. Spleen cell culture supernatants (SCS) from small and large tumor-bearing mice enhanced tumor growth. After tumor surgery, tumor enhancement was only mediated by supernatants from large tumor resected mice. Tumor facilitation and angiogenic response were mediated by the same supernatants; different fractions for these two activities were characterized. T and non-T cells, depending on tumor burden, were responsible for the enhancing activity; but angiogenesis depended only on T cells. While augmentation of metastatic spread was produced by tumor antigens (soluble tumor extracts, tumor-cell supernatants, formolized tumor cells), primary tumor development was not modified by tumor-cell supernatants. Increased incidence of metastases was also mediated by SCS from tumor resected mice which had previously been inoculated with tumor antigens. Immune status of tumor-resected mice was evaluated by delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction. Tumor cell membranes enriched with cholesterol-hemisuccinate were able to increase anti-tumor immune response.