ABSTRACT
FUNDAMENTO: Estudos recentes revelaram uma forte associação entre o estado de vitamina D (VD) e a insuficiência cardíaca crônica (ICC). Hoje, é normalmente aceito que a resposta imune pró-inflamatória é subjacente ao desenvolvimento de ICC. OBJETIVO: Uma vez que a VD possui propriedades anti-inflamatórias, pesquisamos o seu impacto sobre as citocinas envolvidas na ICC, como TNFα e IL-17, em pacientes portadores de ICC. MÉTODOS: Foi extraído sangue de quarenta pacientes com ICC secundária à hipertensão arterial e/ou doença coronariana. Os níveis de VD status, IL-17 e TNFαforam avaliados através de 25-hidroxi VD3 EIA e ELISA de citocinas. Também foram realizadas avaliação clínica e ecocardiograma. RESULTADOS: Pacientes idosos com ICC em Nis (Sudeste da Europa, latitude 43ºN) apresentaram níveis de 25-hidroxi VD3 abaixo do normal. Nossos dados demonstraram que pacientes com ICC secundária à hipertensão arterial têm níveis significativamente menores de 25-hidroxi VD3, e maiores de TNFαe IL-17A, se comparados com os níveis de pacientes com ICC secundária à doença coronariana. CONCLUSÃO: É demonstrado aqui que, mesmo em regiões com muitos dias ensolarados a deficiência de VD é motivo de preocupação. Os dados sugerem que o déficit de VD contribui para os elevados níveis de IL-17 e TNFα e, assim, contribuir ao desenvolvimento de ICC.
BACKGROUND: Recent studies revealed a strong association between vitamin D (VD) status and chronic heart failure (CHF). It is now commonly considered that proinflammatory immune response underlies CHF development. OBJECTIVE: Since VD expresses anti-inflammatory properties, we investigated its impact on cytokines implicated in CHF, such as TNFα and IL-17, in patients suffering from CHF. METHODS: Blood was obtained from forty patients with CHF secondary to hypertension and/or coronary heart disease. VD status, IL-17 and TNFαlevels were assessed using 25-hydroxy VD3 EIA and cytokine ELISAs. Clinical assessment and echocardiography was also performed. RESULTS: Elderly patients with CHF in Nis (Southeast Europe, latitude 43ºN) exhibited 25-hydroxy VD3 levels below normal. Our data identified that patients with CHF secondary to hypertension have significantly lower 25-hydroxy VD3, increased TNFα and IL-17A levels in comparison to donors with CHF secondary to coronary disease. CONCLUSION: This study reveals that even in regions with a lot of sunny days VD deficiency represents a concerning issue. Data suggest that impaired VD status contributes to high IL-17 and TNFα levels and thereby may support CHF development.
FUNDAMENTO: Estudios recientes revelaron una fuerte asociación entre el estado de la vitamina D (VD) y la insuficiencia cardíaca crónica (ICC). Hoy, es normalmente aceptado que la respuesta inmune pro-inflamatoria es subyacente al desarrollo de ICC. OBJETIVO: Una vez que la VD posee propiedades antiinflamatorias, investigamos su impacto sobre las citocinas envueltas en la ICC, como TNFα y IL-17, en pacientes portadores de ICC. MÉTODOS: Fue extraída sangre de cuarenta pacientes con ICC secundaria a la hipertensión arterial y/o enfermedad coronaria. Los niveles de VD status, IL-17 y TNFα fueron evaluados a través de 25-hidroxi VD3 EIA y ELISA de citocinas. También fueron realizadas evaluación clínica y ecocardiograma. RESULTADOS: Pacientes añosos con ICC en Nis (Sudeste de Europa, latitud 43ºN) presentaron niveles de 25-hidroxi VD3 debajo de lo normal. Nuestros datos demostraron que pacientes con ICC secundaria a la hipertensión arterial tienen niveles significativamente menores de 25-hidroxi VD3, y mayores de TNFα y IL-17A, si son comparados con los niveles de pacientes con ICC secundaria a la enfermedad coronaria. CONCLUSIONES: Es demostrado aquí que, aun en regiones con muchos días de sol la deficiencia de VD es motivo de preocupación. Los datos sugieren que el déficit de VD contribuye para los elevados niveles de IL-17 y TNFα y, así, al desarrollo de ICC.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Heart Failure/blood , /blood , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/blood , Vitamin D Deficiency/complications , Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives , Chronic Disease , Coronary Disease/complications , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Heart Failure/etiology , Hypertension/complications , Serbia , Statistics, Nonparametric , Sunlight , Vitamin D/bloodABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Recent studies revealed a strong association between vitamin D (VD) status and chronic heart failure (CHF). It is now commonly considered that proinflammatory immune response underlies CHF development. OBJECTIVE: Since VD expresses anti-inflammatory properties, we investigated its impact on cytokines implicated in CHF, such as TNFα and IL-17, in patients suffering from CHF. METHODS: Blood was obtained from forty patients with CHF secondary to hypertension and/or coronary heart disease. VD status, IL-17 and TNFα levels were assessed using 25-hydroxy VD3 EIA and cytokine ELISAs. Clinical assessment and echocardiography was also performed. RESULTS: Elderly patients with CHF in Nis (Southeast Europe, latitude 43ºN) exhibited 25-hydroxy VD3 levels below normal. Our data identified that patients with CHF secondary to hypertension have significantly lower 25-hydroxy VD3, increased TNFα and IL-17A levels in comparison to donors with CHF secondary to coronary disease. CONCLUSION: This study reveals that even in regions with a lot of sunny days VD deficiency represents a concerning issue. Data suggest that impaired VD status contributes to high IL-17 and TNFα levels and thereby may support CHF development.