OBJECTIVES: Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are significant problems as public health issues which need attention. Such infections are significant problems for society and healthcare organizations. This study aimed to carry out a systematic review and a meta-analysis to analyze the prevalence of HAIs globally. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search of electronic databases including EMBASE, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science between 2000 and June 2021. We found 7031 articles. After removing the duplicates, 5430 studies were screened based on the titles/ abstracts. Then, we systematically evaluated the full texts of the 1909 remaining studies and selected 400 records with 29,159,630 participants for meta-analysis. Random-effects model was used for the analysis, and heterogeneity analysis and publication bias test were conducted. RESULTS: The rate of universal HAIs was 0.14 percent. The rate of HAIs is increasing by 0.06 percent annually. The highest rate of HAIs was in the AFR, while the lowest prevalence were in AMR and WPR. Besides, AFR prevalence in central Africa is higher than in other parts of the world by 0.27 (95% CI, 0.22-0.34). Besides, E. coli infected patients more than other micro-organisms such as Coagulase-negative staphylococci, Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In hospital wards, Transplant, and Neonatal wards and ICU had the highest rates. The prevalence of HAIs was higher in men than in women. CONCLUSION: We identified several essential details about the rate of HAIs in various parts of the world. The HAIs rate and the most common micro-organism were different in various contexts. However, several essential gaps were also identified. The study findings can help hospital managers and health policy makers identify the reason for HAIs and apply effective control programs to implement different plans to reduce the HAIs rate and the financial costs of such infections and save resources.
Cross Infection , Male , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Female , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Prevalence , Escherichia coli , Hospitals , Staphylococcus
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer among women worldwide. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to cover the existing research gap and contribute to existing knowledge to provide both researchers and clinicians with a better profile on the topic and consequently help improve the quality of life (QoL) of patients with BC. METHODS: A comprehensive review of original articles published in English from January 2000 to October 2021 from databases including Embase, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. RESULTS: Based on the meta-regression which examined a total of 9012 patients with BC, the QoL score calculated by EORTC QLQ-C30 was 64.72 (95% CI 59.24 to 70.20), while the score obtained from FACT-B was 84.39 (95% CI 64.24 to 104.54) and the scores from QLQ-BR23 and SF-36 were 66.33 (95% CI 62.76 to 69.90) and 57.23 (95% CI 47.65 to 66.82), respectively. A meta-analysis affirmed a significant direct relationship between the QoL score of patients with BC and their age (p=0.03). The results also revealed that the QoL scores of patients who had completed treatment were higher than those who were currently under treatment. CONCLUSION: The present systematic review identified several factors that affect the QoL of women with BC worldwide and provided several implications for developing policy interventions to effectively improve the QoL of women with BC. In this way, clinicians can sufficiently give advice to their patients with the purpose of improving their QoL.PROSPERO registration number CRD42022309791.
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2022.100326.].
BACKGROUND: This study was designed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature examining the prevalence of depression among hospital staff and the impact of various factors with a view to organize related programs for reducing the complications of this mental disorder. METHOD: A total of 24 studies were extracted from a literature search conducted through electronic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science from January 2019 to February 2021. FINDINGS: Following the extraction of data, the total number of hospital staff was reported to be 42,010. Based on the results, depression prevalence among them was 26% (95% Cl, 0.18-0.35). Furthermore correlation coefficients revealed a significant relationship between the rate of depression and variables including type of career, age, and gender (P-value < 0.05). The highest and lowest prevalence of depressive disorder among hospital staff was in Africa 82% (95% Cl, 0.35-0.97) and Asia 19% (95% Cl, 0.11-0.29). CONCLUSION: Our findings affirmed that female workers who aged between 29 and 35 and worked as administrative and support staff in hospitals were among the population being at higher risk of developing mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic.
