ABSTRACT
No presente artigo procede-se à descrição e análise das abordagens teóricas sobre o amor nas Ciências Sociais, principalmente na Psicologia. O objetivo é proporcionar uma compreensão geral acerca de como o fenómeno tem sido conceptualizado e analisar como o amor e a violência têm sido articulados. Assinalando os principais contributos e limitações de cada abordagem, defende-se que o amor é um fenómeno sócio culturalmente construído e sugere-se a necessidade de adotar uma perspetiva construcionista para compreender como a violência e o amor se relacionam, no sentido de desconstruir discursos que possam contribuir para práticas relacionais violentas.(AU)
In this article we intend to describe and analyze theoretical approaches on love formulated by Social Sciences, namely Psychology. Our goal is to present a general understanding about how the phenomenon has been conceptualized and analyzing how love and violence have been articulated. Considering the main contributions and limitations of each theory, we sustain that love is a culturally constructed phenomenon and that the adoption of a constructionist approach is needed to understand how violence and love are related and to deconstruct discourses that may contribute to violent behaviors.(AU)
Subject(s)
Love , Violence , Culture , Social Sciences , PsychologyABSTRACT
No presente artigo procede-se à descrição e análise das abordagens teóricas sobre o amor nas Ciências Sociais, principalmente na Psicologia. O objetivo é proporcionar uma compreensão geral acerca de como o fenómeno tem sido conceptualizado e analisar como o amor e a violência têm sido articulados. Assinalando os principais contributos e limitações de cada abordagem, defende-se que o amor é um fenómeno sócio culturalmente construído e sugere-se a necessidade de adotar uma perspetiva construcionista para compreender como a violência e o amor se relacionam, no sentido de desconstruir discursos que possam contribuir para práticas relacionais violentas.
In this article we intend to describe and analyze theoretical approaches on love formulated by Social Sciences, namely Psychology. Our goal is to present a general understanding about how the phenomenon has been conceptualized and analyzing how love and violence have been articulated. Considering the main contributions and limitations of each theory, we sustain that love is a culturally constructed phenomenon and that the adoption of a constructionist approach is needed to understand how violence and love are related and to deconstruct discourses that may contribute to violent behaviors.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Violence , Culture , Social Identification , LoveABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the impact that heated humidification instituted in the beginning of automatic positive airway pressure (APAP) therapy has on compliance with and the side effects of the treatment. METHODS: Thirty-nine treatment-naïve patients with obstructive sleep apnea were randomized into two groups to receive APAP using one of two modalities: with heated humidification (APAPwith group); and without heated humidification (APAPw/o group).Patients were evaluated at 7 and 30 days after APAP initiation. The following parameters were analyzed: compliance with treatment (mean number of hours/night); side effects (dry nose or mouth, nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea); daytime sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale score) and subjective comfort (visual analog scale score). Patients were also evaluated in terms of residual apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), as well as mean pressures and leaks registered in the ventilators. RESULTS: There were no differences between the two groups in terms of mean age (APAPwith: 57.4 +/- 9.2; APAPw/o: 56.5 +/- 10.7 years), AHI (APAPwith: 28.1 +/- 14.0; APAPw/o: 28.8 +/- 20.5 events/hour of sleep), baseline Epworth score (APAPwith: 11.2 +/- 5.8; APAPw/o: 11.9 +/- 6.3) and initial nasal symptoms. Compliance was similar in both groups (APAPwith: 5.3 +/- 2.4; APAPw/o: 5.2 +/- 2.3 h/night). There were no differences in any of the other parameters analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of heated humidification at the beginning of APAP therapy provided no advantage in terms of treatment compliance or side effects of treatment.
Subject(s)
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure , Hot Temperature , Humidity , Patient Compliance , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/therapy , Epidemiologic Methods , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Education as Topic , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/physiopathologyABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto da umidificação aquecida introduzida no início da terapia com pressão positiva automática em vias aéreas (APAP, do inglês automatic positive airway pressure) na adesão e efeitos secundários. MÉTODOS: Foram randomizados 39 doentes com síndroma de apneia obstrutiva do sono sem terapia prévia em dois grupos de tratamento com APAP: com umidificação aquecida (grupo APAPcom; e sem umidificação (grupo APAPsem). Os doentes foram avaliados 7 e 30 dias após a colocação de APAP. Os parâmetros analisados foram a adesão ao tratamento (número médio de horas/noite), efeitos secundários (secura nasal ou da boca, obstrução nasal e rinorreia), sonolência diurna (escore da escala de sonolência de Epworth) e o conforto subjectivo (escala visual analógica). Foram ainda avaliados o índice de apneia-hipopneia (IAH) residual, pressões e fugas médias registados nos ventiladores. RESULTADOS: Os dois grupos de doentes estudados eram semelhantes no que respeita à média etária (APAPcom: 57,4 ± 9,2; APAPsem: 56,5 ± 10,7 anos), IAH (APAPcom: 28,1 ± 14,0; APAPsem: 28,8 ± 20,5 eventos/hora de sono), Epworth basal (APAPcom: 11,2 ± 5,8; APAPsem: 11,9 ± 6,3) e sintomas nasais iniciais. A adesão foi semelhante nos dois grupos (APAPcom: 5,3 ± 2,4; APAPsem: 5,2 ± 2,3 horas/noite). Não se verificaram diferenças nos outros parâmetros avaliados. CONCLUSÕES: A introdução inicial da umidificação aquecida na terapia com APAP não demonstrou vantagem no que diz respeito à adesão e efeitos secundários.
OBJECTIVE: To study the impact that heated humidification instituted in the beginning of automatic positive airway pressure (APAP) therapy has on compliance with and the side effects of the treatment. METHODS: Thirty-nine treatment-naïve patients with obstructive sleep apnea were randomized into two groups to receive APAP using one of two modalities: with heated humidification (APAPwith group); and without heated humidification (APAPw/o group).Patients were evaluated at 7 and 30 days after APAP initiation. The following parameters were analyzed: compliance with treatment (mean number of hours/night); side effects (dry nose or mouth, nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea); daytime sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale score) and subjective comfort (visual analog scale score). Patients were also evaluated in terms of residual apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), as well as mean pressures and leaks registered in the ventilators. RESULTS: There were no differences between the two groups in terms of mean age (APAPwith: 57.4 ± 9.2; APAPw/o: 56.5 ± 10.7 years), AHI (APAPwith: 28.1 ± 14.0; APAPw/o: 28.8 ± 20.5 events/hour of sleep), baseline Epworth score (APAPwith: 11.2 ± 5.8; APAPw/o: 11.9 ± 6.3) and initial nasal symptoms. Compliance was similar in both groups (APAPwith: 5.3 ± 2.4; APAPw/o: 5.2 ± 2.3 h/night). There were no differences in any of the other parameters analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of heated humidification at the beginning of APAP therapy provided no advantage in terms of treatment compliance or side effects of treatment.