The LDL/HDL ratio predicts long-term risk of coronary revascularization in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a cohort study.

Clinical indicators do not adequately predict the long-term prognosis of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio is expected to be a reliable predictor of the long-term prognosis of these patients. This study aimed to explore the correlation between the LDL/HDL ratio and long-term prognosis in STEMI patients undergoing PCI. Patients with confirmed STEMI who underwent PCI in 7 hospitals in China from January 2009 to December 2011 were enrolled. Information about clinical endpoints, including all-cause death and major adverse cardiovascular events, was collected. Overall, 915 patients were included for analysis, the average follow-up time was 112.2 months. According to the LDL/HDL ratio, the patients were divided into 3 groups using the three-quantile method: low (LDL/HDL≤1.963), medium (1.963

The LDL/HDL ratio predicts long-term risk of coronary revascularization in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a cohort study

Clinical indicators do not adequately predict the long-term prognosis of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The low-density lipoprotein (LDL)/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio is expected to be a reliable predictor of the long-term prognosis of these patients. This study aimed to explore the correlation between the LDL/HDL ratio and long-term prognosis in STEMI patients undergoing PCI. Patients with confirmed STEMI who underwent PCI in 7 hospitals in China from January 2009 to December 2011 were enrolled. Information about clinical endpoints, including all-cause death and major adverse cardiovascular events, was collected. Overall, 915 patients were included for analysis, the average follow-up time was 112.2 months. According to the LDL/HDL ratio, the patients were divided into 3 groups using the three-quantile method: low (LDL/HDL≤1.963), medium (1.963<LDL/HDL<2.595), and high (LDL/HDL≥2.595) LDL/HDL groups. The rate of coronary revascularization was higher in the high LDL/HDL group (28.52%) than in the low (17.38%, P=0.001) and medium (19.34%, P=0.010) LDL/HDL groups. The hazard ratio of coronary revascularization was significantly higher in the high LDL/HDL group than in the low (P=0.007) and medium (P=0.004) LDL/HDL groups. Increased LDL/HDL ratio was an independent risk factor for long-term coronary revascularization in STEMI patients undergoing PCI (HR=1.231, 95%CI: 1.023-1.482, P=0.028). These findings suggest that an increased LDL/HDL ratio was an independent risk factor for long-term coronary revascularization in STEMI patients undergoing PCI. The risk of coronary revascularization was significantly increased in patients with LDL/HDL≥2.595.

Partial nephrectomy provides equivalent oncologic outcomes and better renal function preservation than radical nephrectomy for pathological T3a renal cell carcinoma: A meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Purpose: Radical nephrectomy (RN) is the standard surgical type for pathological stage T3a (pT3a) renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Recently, some studies have suggested equivalence between partial nephrectomy (PN) and RN for oncologic control and have shown the benefits of PN for better renal function. We conducted this meta-analysis to assess oncologic outcomes, perioperative outcomes and renal function between two groups among patients with pT3a RCC. Materials and methods: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Ovid MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, Embase and Google Scholar were searched for eligible articles. The endpoints of the final analysis included overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), surgical complications, operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Results: Twelve studies of moderate to high quality, including 14.152 patients, were examined. PN showed superiority for renal functional preservation, providing higher eGFR (WMD=12.48mL/min; 95%CI: 10.28 to 14.67; P <0.00001) and lower serum creatinine (WMD=-0.31mg/dL; 95%CI: −0.40 to −0.21; P <0.00001). There were no significant differences between PN and RN regarding operative time, EBL, surgical complications, OS, RFS and CSS. Despite inherent selection bias, most pooled estimates were consistent in sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis. More positive margins were found in the PN group (RR=2.42; 95%CI: 1.25-4.68; P=0.009). Conclusions: PN may be more suitable for treating pT3a RCC than RN because it provides a similar survival time (OS or RFS) and superior renal function. Nevertheless, this result is still disputed, and more high-quality studies are required.

Partial nephrectomy provides equivalent oncologic outcomes and better renal function preservation than radical nephrectomy for pathological T3a renal cell carcinoma: A meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: Radical nephrectomy (RN) is the standard surgical type for pathological stage T3a (pT3a) renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Recently, some studies have suggested equivalence between partial nephrectomy (PN) and RN for oncologic control and have shown the benefits of PN for better renal function. We conducted this meta-analysis to assess oncologic outcomes, perioperative outcomes and renal function between two groups among patients with pT3a RCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, Ovid MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, Embase and Google Scholar were searched for eligible articles. The endpoints of the final analysis included overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), surgical complications, operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). RESULTS: Twelve studies of moderate to high quality, including 14.152 patients, were examined. PN showed superiority for renal functional preservation, providing higher eGFR (WMD=12.48mL/min; 95%CI: 10.28 to 14.67; P < 0.00001) and lower serum creatinine (WMD=-0.31mg/dL; 95%CI: -0.40 to -0.21; P < 0.00001). There were no significant differences between PN and RN regarding operative time, EBL, surgical complications, OS, RFS and CSS. Despite inherent selection bias, most pooled estimates were consistent in sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis. More positive margins were found in the PN group (RR=2.42; 95%CI: 1.25-4.68; P=0.009). CONCLUSIONS: PN may be more suitable for treating pT3a RCC than RN because it provides a similar survival time (OS or RFS) and superior renal function. Nevertheless, this result is still disputed, and more high-quality studies are required.

Effects of mixed modes on fermentation quality and In vitro gas dynamics of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolor × S. sudanense) silage / Efeitos de modos mistos para a qualidade de fermentação de silagem de sorgo-sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor × S. sudanense) e características de produção de gás in vitro

Sorghum-sudangrass hybrid silage has poor fermentation characteristics owing to a high moisture content. Accordingly, a 3 × 4+1 factorial design was applied to investigate the effects of adding different types and amounts of hay (corn stalk, wheat straw, and alfalfa hay at 12.5 kg t-1, 25 kg t-1, 37.5 kg t-1, and 50 kg t-1) on the nutritive value, fermentation quality, 72 h dry matter digestibility, and gas dynamics in vitro to simulate the rumen fermentation of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid silage. Separated silage of sorghum-sudangrass hybrids had a high butyric acid content and a FLIEGs scores evaluation ranking of only “Fair.” The addition of hay significantly improved the fermentation quality of mixed silage. With respect to hay type, adding wheat straw had the best fermentation quality, alfalfa hay had the best nutritive value, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) (662.41 g kg-1), constant fractional rate (C) (0.28 mL h-1), and the average gas production rate (AGPR) (32.70 mL h-1) content. There were no differences in the cumulative gas production at 72 h (GP72h), asymptotic gas production generated at a constant fractional rate (A), and lag time before gas production commenced (lag) among the three hay types. With respect to quantity, 25 kg t-1 hay had the best fermentation quality, 50 kg t-1 hay had the best nutritive value and highest IVDMD content (662.81 g kg-1), 37.5 kg t-1 hay had the highest C (0.28 mL h-1) and AGPR (31.48 mL h-1) contents, 25 kg t-1 hay had the highest Half time (2.20 h), and there were no significant differences in GP72h, A, and lag among the four amounts. Considering both nutritive value and fermentation quality, the best mixed silage mode was 37.5 kg t-1 wheat straw.(AU)

A fim de resolver o problema da má qualidade da fermentação de silagem causada pelo alto teor de água de sorgo-sudangrass, no exame investigou a adição de diferentes tipos de feno (talos de milho, talos de trigo e feno de alfafa) e de feno (12,5 kg t-1, 25 kg t-1, 37,5 kg t-1 e 50 kg t-1) tem qual efeito para valor nutricional do armazenamento misto silagem de sorgo-sudangrass e a qualidade de fermentação de silagem e de gases in vitro. O resultado mostra, a silagem separada de híbridos de sorgo-sudangrass tinha um conteúdo de ácido butírico elevado e um ranking de avaliação de pontuações do FLIEG apenas de “Fair”. A adição de armazenamento misto de feno pode melhorar significativamente a qualidade da fermentação da ensilagem de silagem de sorgo-sudangrass, do ponto de vista dos tipos de feno adicionado, o grupo de palha de trigo apresentou a maior qualidade de fermentação da silagem, e o feno de alfafa teve o maior valor nutricional, 72 h de taxa de desaparecimento da matéria seca (IVDMD) do grupo feno de índica, a taxa de produção de gás (c) e a taxa de produção de gás (AGPR) chega à taxa máxima de produção de gás foram as mais altas. Não houve diferença significativa no atraso de produção de gás (lag), produção máxima teórica de gás (A), produção cumulativa de gás de três feno às 72 h (GP72h); No ponto de vista de quantidade adicionada de feno, a qualidade de fermentação da silagem do grupo de 25 kg t-1 foi a melhor, a AGPR também foi a mais longa, e o valor nutricional do grupo de 50 kg t-1 e a IVDMD foram os mais altos. O c e o AGPR do grupo de 37.5 kg t-1 foram os maiores, adicionando feno de peso diferente não teve efeito significativo sobre GP72h de sorgo-sudangrass, A e lag，Considerando a qualidade da fermentação da silagem e o valor nutricional da ração, o melhor modo de armazenamento misto foi adicionado 37.5 kg t-1 de palha de trigo a sorgo-sudangrass.(AU)

Effects of mixed modes on fermentation quality and In vitro gas dynamics of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolor × S. sudanense) silage / Efeitos de modos mistos para a qualidade de fermentação de silagem de sorgo-sudangrass (Sorghum bicolor × S. sudanense) e características de produção de gás in vitro

Sorghum-sudangrass hybrid silage has poor fermentation characteristics owing to a high moisture content. Accordingly, a 3 × 4+1 factorial design was applied to investigate the effects of adding different types and amounts of hay (corn stalk, wheat straw, and alfalfa hay at 12.5 kg t-1, 25 kg t-1, 37.5 kg t-1, and 50 kg t-1) on the nutritive value, fermentation quality, 72 h dry matter digestibility, and gas dynamics in vitro to simulate the rumen fermentation of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid silage. Separated silage of sorghum-sudangrass hybrids had a high butyric acid content and a FLIEG’s scores evaluation ranking of only “Fair.” The addition of hay significantly improved the fermentation quality of mixed silage. With respect to hay type, adding wheat straw had the best fermentation quality, alfalfa hay had the best nutritive value, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) (662.41 g kg-1), constant fractional rate (C) (0.28 mL h-1), and the average gas production rate (AGPR) (32.70 mL h-1) content. There were no differences in the cumulative gas production at 72 h (GP72h), asymptotic gas production generated at a constant fractional rate (A), and lag time before gas production commenced (lag) among the three hay types. With respect to quantity, 25 kg t-1 hay had the best fermentation quality, 50 kg t-1 hay had the best nutritive value and highest IVDMD content (662.81 g kg-1), 37.5 kg t-1 hay had the highest C (0.28 mL h-1) and AGPR (31.48 mL h-1) contents, 25 kg t-1 hay had the highest Half time (2.20 h), and there were no significant differences in GP72h, A, and lag among the four amounts. Considering both nutritive value and fermentation quality, the best mixed silage mode was 37.5 kg t-1 wheat straw.

A fim de resolver o problema da má qualidade da fermentação de silagem causada pelo alto teor de água de sorgo-sudangrass, no exame investigou a adição de diferentes tipos de feno (talos de milho, talos de trigo e feno de alfafa) e de feno (12,5 kg t-1, 25 kg t-1, 37,5 kg t-1 e 50 kg t-1) tem qual efeito para valor nutricional do armazenamento misto silagem de sorgo-sudangrass e a qualidade de fermentação de silagem e de gases in vitro. O resultado mostra, a silagem separada de híbridos de sorgo-sudangrass tinha um conteúdo de ácido butírico elevado e um ranking de avaliação de pontuações do FLIEG apenas de “Fair”. A adição de armazenamento misto de feno pode melhorar significativamente a qualidade da fermentação da ensilagem de silagem de sorgo-sudangrass, do ponto de vista dos tipos de feno adicionado, o grupo de palha de trigo apresentou a maior qualidade de fermentação da silagem, e o feno de alfafa teve o maior valor nutricional, 72 h de taxa de desaparecimento da matéria seca (IVDMD) do grupo feno de índica, a taxa de produção de gás (c) e a taxa de produção de gás (AGPR) chega à taxa máxima de produção de gás foram as mais altas. Não houve diferença significativa no atraso de produção de gás (lag), produção máxima teórica de gás (A), produção cumulativa de gás de três feno às 72 h (GP72h); No ponto de vista de quantidade adicionada de feno, a qualidade de fermentação da silagem do grupo de 25 kg t-1 foi a melhor, a AGPR também foi a mais longa, e o valor nutricional do grupo de 50 kg t-1 e a IVDMD foram os mais altos. O c e o AGPR do grupo de 37.5 kg t-1 foram os maiores, adicionando feno de peso diferente não teve efeito significativo sobre GP72h de sorgo-sudangrass, A e lag，Considerando a qualidade da fermentação da silagem e o valor nutricional da ração, o melhor modo de armazenamento misto foi adicionado 37.5 kg t-1 de palha de trigo a sorgo-sudangrass.

Genetic diversity in Echinococcus shiquicus from the plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) in Darlag County, Qinghai, China.

The metacestode of Echinococcus shiquicus has been recorded previously in the lung and liver of its intermediate host, the plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae), but there is limited information regarding other organ sites. There is also limited evidence of intra-specific genetic variation within E. shiquicus. A PCR-amplified mitochondrial (mt) nad1 gene fragment (approximately 1400bp in size), with unique EcoRI and SspI restriction sites, was used to distinguish cysts or cyst-like lesions of E. shiquicus from E. multilocularis. Then, the complete mt nad1 and cox1 genes for the E. shiquicus isolates were amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic tree and haplotype network analyses for the isolates were then generated based on a concatenated dataset of the nad1 and cox1 genes using the neighbour-joining (NJ) method and TCS1.21 software. Nineteen of eighty trapped pikas were found to harbor cysts (71 in total) when dissected at the survey site. Seventeen animals had cysts (fertile) present only in the lungs, one animal had fertile cysts in the lungs and spleen, and one individual had an infertile kidney cyst. Restriction endonuclease analysis of a fragment of the nad1 gene indicated all the cysts were due to E. shiquicus. Genetic diversity analysis revealed that the nad1 and cox1 genes varied by 0.1-1.2% and 0.1-1.0%, respectively. Haplotype network analysis of the concatenated nad1 and cox1 sequences of the isolates showed they were classified into at least 6 haplotypes, and different haplotype percentages ranged from 4.2% to 29.6%. Although, high haplotype diversity was evident in the study area, the complete nad1 and cox1 gene sequences obtained indicated that all samples represented isolates of E. shiquicus. The study has also provided a new PCR-restriction endonuclease-based method to rapidly distinguish E. shiquicus from E. multilocularis which provides a useful tool for epidemiological investigations where the two species overlap.