Electronic Cigarette Use and Anxiety Among College Students: "Trapped in That Cycle".

INTRODUCTION: Electronic cigarette use is the most prevalent form of tobacco among young college adults between 18 and 25 years old. In addition, during the young adult years, mental health issues surface, such as anxiety. As a result of these factors, it is imperative to describe the experience of electronic cigarettes among college students to better understand the cycle of addiction among electronic cigarette users. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore and describe the experience of electronic cigarette use among college students who report feelings of anxiety. METHODS: A qualitative descriptive study design with the Roy Adaptation Model as the theoretical framework was used to describe the experience. The setting was at one medium-sized private university on the east coast of the United States. Twenty participants met the study inclusion criteria of traditional undergraduate students aged 18-25 years. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, a smoking status questionnaire, a self-report feelings of anxiety questionnaire, and a semistructured interview guide. RESULTS: Data analysis synthesized three themes: the perfect storm, the power of ripping the nic, and trapped in that cycle. It was found through interviews that feelings of anxiety and the vape culture, along with the college experience, led to the powerful draw to electronic cigarette use among this population. CONCLUSION: This study reflects findings that the college life experience, the vape culture, and the feelings of anxiety contribute to electronic cigarette use and, finally, lead to intense addiction.

Disrupted Sensemaking-Understanding Family Experiences of Physical Restraints in ICU: A Phenomenological Approach in the Context of COVID-19.

BACKGROUND: The emergence of COVID-19 profoundly influenced the dynamics within intensive care units, significantly altering the patient-family experience. As the pandemic unfolded, the longstanding practice of using physical restraints for patient safety persisted, introducing new challenges in healthcare settings. This study explored the ramifications of these enduring safety measures on family members of ICU patients during the pandemic, illuminating their lived experiences and the psychological impact of seeing their loved ones restrained. OBJECTIVES: To explore family members' lived experiences with physical restraints in the ICU during COVID-19 and inform improvements in patient-centered care. METHODS: Utilizing hermeneutic phenomenology, the study engaged ten family members in detailed interviews to gain an understanding of their experiences with ICU physical restraints during COVID-19. Conducted at a northeastern U.S. hospital, the collected narratives underwent thematic analysis within a sensemaking framework, yielding a profound understanding of family perspectives. RESULTS: Family members faced challenges in understanding and coping with physical restraints, revealing a need for improved healthcare system support for family sensemaking and well-being. CONCLUSIONS: The study advocates integrating empathetic communication and family engagement into ICU care practices, underlining the importance of sensemaking during healthcare crises.

Análisis evolutivo del concepto de adaptación a la diabetes tipo 2 / Evolutionary Analysis of the Concept of Adaptation to Type 2 Diabetes / Análise evolutiva do conceito de adaptação à diabete tipo 2

El concepto de adaptación tiene diferentes aplicaciones y acepciones. En personas que viven con diabetes tipo 2 (DT2) se asocia con la observancia del tratamiento y el control glucémico. Es utilizado frecuentemente en la literatura de salud, pero no está claro qué significa en personas que viven con esta enfermedad, por lo que el propósito de esta investigación fue analizar el concepto de adaptación a la DT2. Metodología: se utilizó el método de análisis evolutivo de concepto de Rodgers. Los datos se codificaron por autor, 16 en total, palabras clave, hallazgos, antecedentes, atributos y consecuencias, conceptos relativos y sustitutos. La guía del análisis respondió a tres preguntas: ¿cómo define el concepto el autor? ¿Qué características o atributos se establecen? ¿Qué idea da el autor acerca del concepto? Resultados: el concepto de adaptación muestra atributos que permiten definirlo como un proceso que se presenta en tres fases: reacción, asimilación y respuesta. Los antecedentes corresponden a conductas previas al proceso, los resultados incluyen desafíos y cambios. Conclusiones: los atributos, los antecedentes y las consecuencias ofrecen guías para la investigación; es necesario ampliar el estudio en el contexto del hogar, la familia, el trabajo y el hospital.

The concept of adaptation has different applications and meanings. In persons who live with type 2 diabetes (T2D), it is associated with treatment adherence and glycemic control. It is used frequently in health literature, but it is unclear what it means to those living with the disease. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to analyze the concept of adaptation to T2D. Method: Rogers' evolutionary concept analysis was the method used. The data were coded by author (16 in total), key words, findings, antecedents, attributes, consequences, and surrogate and relative concepts. The analysis guide answered three questions: How the author defines the concept? What features or attributes are established? What idea does the author provide about the concept? Findings: The concept of adaptation has attributes that enable it to be defined as a process that occurs in three phases: reaction, assimilation and response. The antecedents pertain to preprocess behavior, while the results include challenges and changes. Conclusions: The attributes, antecedents and consequences offer guidelines for research. It is necessary to broaden this research to include the context of home, family, work and the hospital.

O conceito de adaptação tem diferentes aplicações e acepções. Em pessoas que vivem com diabete tipo 2 (DT2), se associa com a observância do tratamento e o controle glicêmico. É utilizado frequentemente na literatura de saúde, mas não está claro o que significa em pessoas que vivem com essa doença; por isso, o propósito desta pesquisa foi analisar o conceito de adaptação à DT2. Metodología: utilizou-se o método de análise evolutiva de conceito de Rodgers. Os dados se codificaram por autor (16 em total), palavras-chave, antecedentes, atributos e consequências, conceitos relativos e substitutos. O guia da análise respondeu a três perguntas: como o autor define o conceito? Que características ou atributos são estabelecidos? Que ideia o autor dá sobre o conceito? Resultados: o conceito de adoção mostra atributos que permitem defini-lo como um processo que se apresenta em três fases: reação, assimilação e resposta. Os antecedentes correspondem a condutas prévias ao processo; os resultados incluem desafios e mudanças. Conclusões: os atributos, os antecedentes e as consequências oferecem guias para a pesquisa. É necessário ampliar o estudo no contexto do lar, da família, do trabalho e do hospital.

Análisis de concepto: "decisión de cambio" para mejorar las conductas de salud en el contexto de las enfermedades crónicas en adultos / Analyzing "Decision to Change" in Order to Improve Health Care Behavior in Adult Chronic Disease: "decisão de mudança"para melhorar as condutas de saúde no contexto das doenças crônicas em adultos / Análise de conceito

Objetivo: a fin de contribuir con la clarificación y el desarrollo de conceptos útiles para la ciencia de enfermería en su práctica, este trabajo utilizó la metodología de Rodgers con el fin de proporcionar una definición del concepto "decisión de cambio" (DC) para el mejoramiento de conductas de salud en el contexto de las enfermedades crónicas (obesidad, hipertensión arterial y diabetes). Método: se realizó el análisis de evidencia empírica en bases de datos para identificar atributos, términos subrogados, antecedentes y consecuencias en relación con el concepto DC. De forma complementaria se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas con codificación abierta. Resultados: la decisión de cambio es definida, entonces, como el proceso de elección que requiere de intención y actitud para comprometerse con responsabilidad en el mejoramiento de la conducta de salud, de manera efectiva y permanente respecto de las condiciones sociales y emocionales a las que una persona es sometida ante la presencia de una enfermedad crónica y que requiere de manera impostergable el apoyo familiar y profesional de salud. Conclusión: la decisión de cambio es un juicio de elección que requiere de voluntad permanente para cambiar las conductas de salud y resolver las posibles contingencias que pueda provocar una enfermedad crónica.

Objective: in order to clarify and develop useful concepts for nursing practice, this study used Rodger's methodology with the purpose of defining "Decision to Change" (DC) and thus improve health care behavior when dealing with chronic disease (obesity, hypertension, diabetes). Method: empirical evidence found in databases was analyzed in order to determine the attributes, subrogated terms, background and consequences in the DC concept. To complement this, semi-structured open coded interviews were also applied. Results: thus, the "Decision to Change" can de defined as electing an intention and an attitude to responsibly commit towards effectively and permanently improving behavior towards the social and emotional conditions surrounding a persona affected by chronic disease, who requires immediate support from family and health care providers. Conclusion: decision to change is a deliberate election that requires permanent determination to change health care behavior and solve eventual contingencies resulting from chronic illness.

Objetivo: a fim de contribuir com a classificação e o desenvolvimento de conceitos úteis para a ciência de enfermagem no contexto de sua prática, este trabalho utilizou a metodologia de Rodgers com o propósito de proporcionar uma definição do conceito "decisão de mudanças" (DM) para o melhoramento de condutas de saúde no contexto das doenças crônicas (obesidade, hipertensão arterial e diabetes). Métodos: realizou-se a análise de evidência empírica com bases de dados para identificar atributos, termos substitutos, antecedentes e consequências com relação ao conceito DM. De forma complementar, aplicaram-se entrevistas semiestruturadas com codificação aberta. Resultados: a DM é definida, então, como o processo de eleição que requer intenção e atitude para comprometer-se com responsabilidade no melhoramento da conduta de saúde, de maneira efetiva e permanente, com respeito às condições sociais e emocionais às quais uma pessoa é submetida na presença de doenças crônicas e que requer de maneira urgente o apoio familiar e profissional de saúde. Conclusão: a DM é um julgamento de escolha que requer vontade permanente para mudar as condutas de saúde e resolver as possíveis contingências que possa provocar uma doença crônica.