ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Several studies report occupational orthopedic problems among interventional cardiologists. These health problems are usually multifactorial. However, the personal protective equipment used should play a major role. An online survey was conducted to determine the frequency of such health problems among interventional radiologists and to correlate them with the use of personal radiation protective clothing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An anonymous online survey that comprised of 17 questions was sent via e-mail to 1427 members of the German Society for Interventional Radiology (DeGIR) in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. The questions were focused on interventional workload, the use of personal radiation protection apparel and orthopedic problems. Given the different scale levels, the associations between the variables were analyzed using different statistical methods. A significance level of pâ¯<â¯0.05 was chosen. RESULTS: There were 221 survey responders (15.5% response rate). About half of responders (47.7%) suffered from more than five episodes of orthopedic problems during their interventional career. Lumbar spine was involved in 81.7% of these cases, cervical spine in 32.8%, shoulder in 28.5% and knee in 24.7%. Because of orthopedic problems, 16.1% of the responders had to reduce and 2.7% had to stop their interventional practice. The number of affected body regions correlates with the fit of the radiation protection means (pâ¯<â¯0.05, râ¯=â¯0.135) and the reduction of activity as an interventional radiologist (pâ¯<â¯0.05, râ¯=â¯-0.148). CONCLUSION: Overall, the survey reveals widespread orthopedic problems at several body regions among interventional radiologists, associated with the fit of radiation protection systems, among other factors. A connection between the orthopaedic complaints and the radiation protection system used could not be established.
Subject(s)
Occupational Diseases , Radiation Protection , Radiology, Interventional , Humans , Radiation Protection/methods , Radiology, Interventional/statistics & numerical data , Female , Male , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Germany/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Adult , Occupational Exposure/prevention & control , Occupational Exposure/statistics & numerical data , Protective Clothing/statistics & numerical data , Middle Aged , Musculoskeletal Diseases/prevention & control , Musculoskeletal Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Radiography, Interventional/statistics & numerical data , Austria/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The relationship between substance use disorders (SUD) and brain deficits has been studied extensively. However, there is still a lack of research focusing on the structural neural connectivity in long-term polydrug use disorder (PUD). Since a deficiency in white matter integrity has been reported as being related to various parameters of increased psychopathology, it might be considered an aggravating factor in the treatment of SUD. In this study we compared two groups of PUD inpatients (abstinent: n = 18, in maintenance treatment: n = 15) to healthy controls (n = 16) with respect to neural connectivity in white matter, and their relation to behavioral parameters of personality factors/organization and attachment styles. Diffusion Tensor Imaging was used to investigate white matter structure. Compared with healthy controls, the PUD patients showed reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) and increased radial diffusivity (RD) mainly in the superior fasciculus longitudinalis and the superior corona radiata. These findings suggest diminished neural connectivity as a result of myelin pathology in PUD patients. In line with our assumptions, we observed FA in the biggest cluster as negatively correlated with anxious attachment (r = 0.36, p < 0.05), personality dysfunctioning (r = -0.41; p < 0.01) as well positively correlated with personality factors Openness (r = 0.34; p < 0.05) and Agreeableness (r = 0.28; p < 0.05). Correspondingly these findings were inversely mirrored by RD. Further research employing enhanced samples and addressing longitudinally neuronal plastic effects of SUD treatment in relation to changes in personality and attachment is recommended.
Subject(s)
Object Attachment , Personality , Substance-Related Disorders/diagnostic imaging , Substance-Related Disorders/psychology , White Matter/diagnostic imaging , Adult , Analysis of Variance , Brain/diagnostic imaging , Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Diffusion Tensor Imaging , Humans , Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted , Linear Models , Male , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Psychological Tests , Substance-Related Disorders/therapyABSTRACT
Exploring the dynamics of matter driven to extreme non-equilibrium states by an intense ultrashort X-ray pulse is becoming reality, thanks to the advent of free-electron laser technology that allows development of different schemes for probing the response at variable time delay with a second pulse. Here we report the generation of two-colour extreme ultraviolet pulses of controlled wavelengths, intensity and timing by seeding of high-gain harmonic generation free-electron laser with multiple independent laser pulses. The potential of this new scheme is demonstrated by the time evolution of a titanium-grating diffraction pattern, tuning the two coherent pulses to the titanium M-resonance and varying their intensities. This reveals that an intense pulse induces abrupt pattern changes on a time scale shorter than hydrodynamic expansion and ablation. This result exemplifies the essential capabilities of the jitter-free multiple-colour free-electron laser pulse sequences to study evolving states of matter with element sensitivity.
ABSTRACT
We compared the review patterns of applications for program projects and centers in allergy and immunology, reviewed by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases review committee, with those of individual research projects in immunology, reviewed by three Division of Research Grants study sections. A high concordance between these review groups was obtained with respect to the application approval rate, mean score, and distribution of applications in various priority score ranges. Furthermore, we observed a high degree of consensus among reviewers on the quality of many program project and center applications, especially those with priority scores between 100 and 200.
Subject(s)
Allergy and Immunology , National Institutes of Health (U.S.) , Peer Review , Research Support as Topic , Allergy and Immunology/economics , United StatesSubject(s)
Aerosols/standards , Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Administration, Intranasal , Antigens/administration & dosage , Antigens/standards , Bronchodilator Agents/administration & dosage , Functional Residual Capacity , Histamine/administration & dosage , Humans , Inspiratory Capacity , Intradermal Tests/methods , Methacholine Compounds/administration & dosageSubject(s)
Birth Weight , Child Development , Intelligence , Motor Skills , Twins , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Intelligence Tests , Male , PregnancySubject(s)
Abnormalities, Multiple/epidemiology , Umbilical Arteries/abnormalities , Abnormalities, Multiple/mortality , Body Height , Body Weight , Cardiovascular Abnormalities , Central Nervous System/abnormalities , Child, Preschool , Digestive System Abnormalities , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Hernia, Inguinal/epidemiology , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Intelligence Tests , Male , Motor Skills , Musculoskeletal Abnormalities , Neurologic Examination , Racial Groups , Respiratory System Abnormalities , Sex Factors , United States , Urogenital AbnormalitiesSubject(s)
Birth Weight , Embryonic and Fetal Development , Gestational Age , Kidney Glomerulus/embryology , Black People , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Pregnancy , Sex Factors , White PeopleSubject(s)
Birth Weight , Brain/embryology , Embryonic and Fetal Development , Fetal Diseases , Organ Size , Adrenal Glands/anatomy & histology , Black People , Erythroblastosis, Fetal/physiopathology , Female , Heart/anatomy & histology , Humans , Kidney/anatomy & histology , Liver/anatomy & histology , Lung/anatomy & histology , Male , Pre-Eclampsia/physiopathology , Pregnancy , Pregnancy in Diabetics/physiopathology , Spleen/anatomy & histology , Thymus Gland/anatomy & histology , Twins , White PeopleSubject(s)
Hemangioma/complications , Placenta/pathology , Pregnancy Complications , Adult , Birth Weight , Black People , Congenital Abnormalities/complications , Congenital Abnormalities/epidemiology , Female , Fetal Death , Gestational Age , Hemangioma/epidemiology , Hematocrit , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Maternal Age , Organ Size , Placenta/anatomy & histology , Pregnancy , Prospective Studies , Purpura, Thrombocytopenic/complications , Sex Factors , Twins , White PeopleSubject(s)
Embryo Implantation , Fertilization , Ovum , Placenta , Twins , Adult , Antigens/analysis , Birth Order , Birth Weight , Black People , Blood Group Antigens , Female , Fetal Death , Genetics, Medical , Gestational Age , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Placenta/pathology , Pregnancy , Sex Factors , White PeopleSubject(s)
Central Nervous System/abnormalities , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious , Virus Diseases , Antigen-Antibody Reactions , Complement Fixation Tests , Enterovirus , Female , Fetus , Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests , Humans , Orthomyxoviridae , Pregnancy , Retrospective Studies , Rubella virusSubject(s)
Birth Weight , Ethnology , Fetal Diseases , Infant, Newborn, Diseases , Pneumonia , Female , Humans , Infant Mortality , Infant, Newborn , PregnancyABSTRACT
In summary, there is one major principle in the care of the child with exstrophy of the bladder; it is to prevent infection. It is not the exstrophied bladder but the serious infection that causes most of the related deaths. To prevent infection, the child must be kept clean and dry, have a blanced diet with special attention to vitamin A and proteins, have rest, be protected from trauma, take antibiotics, and have a good mental outlook. Even babies can sense when they are rejected or unloved. Parents must learn to control their emotions, understand and accept the baby, and give him the love and care that he needs and deserves as their own child.