ABSTRACT
Resumen La definición de la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) es la disminución del filtrado glomerular (FG) por debajo de 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, durante tres o más meses, acompañada por anormalidades estructurales o funcionales. México reporta una incidencia de 467/1 000 00 casos de ERC. La modalidad de diálisis más utilizada es la diálisis peritoneal y la complicación más común es la peritonitis. Se obtuvo la prevalencia de peritonitis en pacientes con diálisis peritoneal del HCM en 2021, determinar las comorbilidades asociadas a la ERC, la diferencia entre diálisis automatizada y continua ambulatoria, sus desenlaces y la mortalidad global. Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal. Pacientes con diálisis peritoneal atendidos durante 2021 en nefrología del HCM. Se recolectaron y analizaron los datos, utilizando estadística descriptiva e inferencial determinado la prevalencia de peritonitis, las diferencias entre la modalidad de diálisis peritoneal y los episodios de peritonitis. Se analizaron 339 pacientes atendidos en el HCM, durante un año, la prevalencia de peritonitis fue de 0.2625 peritonitis/paciente/año, las comorbilidades fueron la hipertensión (70.5%) y la diabetes mellitus (65.19%), entre los grupos de diálisis peritoneal automatizada y diálisis peritoneal continua ambulatoria no hubo diferencia y la mortalidad general fue 6.48%. La peritonitis es la principal complicación en diálisis peritoneal, la prevalencia en el HCM esta por abajo de la media del país y del mundo siendo esta del 26.25%. Las Guías de la Sociedad Internacional de la Diálisis Peritoneal recomiendan mantener una prevalencia por abajo de 0.5 episodios de peritonitis por paciente por año.
Abstract The definition of the Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is the decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) below 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, for 3 or more months, accompanied by structural or functional abnormalities. Mexico reports an incidence of 467/1,000,000 cases of CKD. The most used dialysis modality is peritoneal dialysis, and the most common complication is peritonitis. We obtained the prevalence of peritonitis in patients with peritoneal dialysis in HCM in 2021, to determine the comorbidities associated with CKD, the difference between automated and continuous ambulatory dialysis, its outcomes, and overall mortality. Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. Patients with peritoneal dialysis attended during 2021 in HCM nephrology. Data were collected and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics to determine the prevalence of peritonitis and the differences between the modality of peritoneal dialysis and the episodes of peritonitis. The prevalence of peritonitis was 0.2625 peritonitis/patient/year, and the comorbidities were hypertension (70.5%) and diabetes mellitus (65.19%), between the groups of Automated Peritoneal Dialysis and Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis there was no difference, and the overall mortality was 6.48%. Peritonitis is the main complication in peritoneal dialysis, the prevalence of HCM is below the country and world average of 26.25%. International Guidelines recommend maintaining a prevalence below 0.5 episodes of peritonitis per patient per year.
ABSTRACT
The objective of this work was to estimate the nucleotidic variation between two groups of tepezcuintles (Agouti paca) from the states of Campeche and Quintana Roo, Mexico and within members of each group. Blood samples were collected from eleven A. paca kept in captivity. DNA from leukocytic cells was used for Ramdom Amplification of DNA Polimorphism (RAPD). The primers three 5'-d(GTAGACCCGT)- 3' and six 5'-d(CCCGTCAGCA)- 3' were selected from de Amersham kit (Ready.To.Go. RAPD Analysis Beads, Amersham Pharmacia Biotech), because they produced an adequate number of bands. The electrophoretic pattern of bands obtained was analyzed using software for phylogenetic analysis based on the UPGMA method, to estimate the units of nucleotidic variation. The phylogenetic tree obtained with primer three reveals a dicotomic grouping between the animals from both states in the Yucatan Peninsula showing a divergent value of 1.983 nucleotides per hundred. Animals from Quintana Roo show a grouping with primer six; an additional grouping was observed with animals from Campeche. Nucleotidic variation between both groups was 2.118 nucleotides per hundred. The nucleotidic variation for the two primers within the groups from both states, showed fluctuating values from 0.46 to 1.68 nucleotides per hundred, which indicates that nucleotidic variation between the two groups of animals is around two nucleotides per hundred and, within the groups, less than 1.7 nucleotides per hundred.
Estimamos las variaciones nucleotídicas entre dos grupos de tepezcuintles (Agouti paca) provenientes de los estados de Campeche y Quintana Roo, México y, dentro de cada grupo. Se colectaron muestras sanguíneas de once A. paca mantenidos en cautiverio. El ADN de leucocitos se utilizó para efectuar la amplificación aleatoria de polimorfismos de ADN (RAPD). Se seleccionaron los iniciadores número tres 5 -d(GTAGACCCGT)-3 y seis 5 -d(CCCGTCAGCA)-3 del estuche (Ready.To.Go. RAPD Analysis Beads, Amersham Pharmacia Biotech), porque produjeron un adecuado número de bandas. Los patrones electroforéticos de bandas fueron procesados con el software para análisis filogenético basado en el método de UPGMA para estimar la variación nucleotídica. El árbol filogenético obtenido con el iniciador tres reveló una agrupación dicotómica entre los animales de ambos estados de la Península de Yucatán, con un valor de divergencia de 1.983 nucleótidos de cada cien. Los animales de Quintana Roo mostraron un agrupamiento con el iniciador seis y, otro grupo más con animales procedentes de Campeche. La variación nucleotídica entre estos dos grupos fue de 2.118 nucleótidos por cada cien. Las variaciones nucleotídicas dentro de los grupos procedentes de ambos estados, para los dos iniciadores, mostraron valores que fluctuaron entre 0.46 y 1.68 nucleótidos de cada cien, lo cual indica que la variación nucleotídica entre los dos grupos de animales es alrededor de dos nucleótidos por cada cien y, dentro de grupos es menor a 1.7 nucleótidos por cada cien.
Subject(s)
Animals , Genetic Variation , DNA , Rodentia/genetics , Base Sequence/genetics , Mexico , Phylogeny , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique , Rodentia/classificationABSTRACT
The objective of this work was to estimate the nucleotidic variation between two groups of tepezcuintles (Agouti paca) from the states of Campeche and Quintana Roo, Mexico and within members of each group. Blood samples were collected from eleven A. paca kept in captivity. DNA from leukocytic cells was used for Ramdom Amplification of DNA Polimorphism (RAPD). The primers three 5'-d(GTAGACCCGT)- 3' and six 5'-d(CCCGTCAGCA)- 3' were selected from de Amersham kit (Ready.To.Go. RAPD Analysis Beads, Amersham Pharmacia Biotech), because they produced an adequate number of bands. The electrophoretic pattern of bands obtained was analyzed using software for phylogenetic analysis based on the UPGMA method, to estimate the units of nucleotidic variation. The phylogenetic tree obtained with primer three reveals a dicotomic grouping between the animals from both states in the Yucatan Peninsula showing a divergent value of 1.983 nucleotides per hundred. Animals from Quintana Roo show a grouping with primer six; an additional grouping was observed with animals from Campeche. Nucleotidic variation between both groups was 2.118 nucleotides per hundred. The nucleotidic variation for the two primers within the groups from both states, showed fluctuating values from 0.46 to 1.68 nucleotides per hundred, which indicates that nucleotidic variation between the two groups of animals is around two nucleotides per hundred and, within the groups, less than 1.7 nucleotides per hundred.