ABSTRACT
Purpose: To analyze binocular vision of individuals aged 18 to 35 years diagnosed with keratoconus, utilizing spectacles and rigid gas-permeable (RGP) contact lenses. Research was led by the Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, México and Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina Pereira, Colombia. Methods: A single center, prospective non-randomized, comparative, interventional, open-label study, in which the differences in binocular vision performance with both spectacles and RGP contact lenses was carried out from December 2018 to December 2019. Sampling was performed according to consecutive cases with keratoconus that met the inclusion criteria until the proposed sample size was reached. Results: Rigid gas-permeable (RGP) contact lenses notably enhanced distance and near visual acuity in keratoconus patients compared to spectacles. Visual alignment analysis shows exophoria at both distances and is slightly higher with RGP contact lenses. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05), with 82.5 % presenting compensated phoria with spectacles and pnly 42.50% with RGP contact lenses. Stereoscopic vision improved while wearing RGP contact lenses (42.59 %), although accommodation and accommodative flexibility remained within normal ranges. Conclusions: Patients with keratoconus fitted with RGP contact lenses have improved binocular vision skills such as visual acuity, stereopsis, and accommodative flexibility. However, even when the vergence and motor system is decompensated with respect to normal ranges, the range between break and recovery points for both fusional reserves and the near point of convergence (NPC) improves with the use of RGP contact lenses, giving indications of an adaptive condition of the motor system from the medium to the long term.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Keratoconus , Eyeglasses , Contact Lenses , Vision, Binocular , Vision Tests , Colombia , Mexico , Ophthalmology , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Service engagement is critical when working with children and families experiencing chronic adversities because of their socially marginalized status. Further, sociodemographic disparities exist in service engagement within service systems including Community-Based Behavioral Health; likely in part, a result of structural issues driving unresponsive service systems. Despite this knowledge, a large proportion of the family engagement literature continues to be approached through a deficit-based and family-centric lens leaving out important systemic considerations and furthering health inequities. Drawing from a Socio-Ecological Framework (Stokols, 1996), this study focuses on exploring the value of peer support providers (PSPs) to understand how sociocultural responsiveness functions under this service model. Individual interviews and focus group data were collected from both families and PSPs. Thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke in Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101, 2006) was utilized to code and synthetize the data collected. Findings highlight the importance of capitalizing on meaningful and trusting relationships to foster family engagement in services. These findings solidify the understanding that family engagement is a function of crucial relationships between family, provider, and systems. This work also illustrates how PSPs organic embodiment of sociocultural responsiveness through cultural humility is an avenue through which family engagement can be sustained.
Subject(s)
Focus Groups , Peer Group , Humans , Female , Male , Child , Qualitative ResearchABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To analyze binocular vision of individuals aged 18 to 35 years diagnosed with keratoconus, utilizing spectacles and rigid gas-permeable (RGP) contact lenses. Research was led by the Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, México and Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina Pereira, Colombia. METHODS: A single center, prospective non-randomized, comparative, interventional, open-label study, in which the differences in binocular vision performance with both spectacles and RGP contact lenses was carried out from December 2018 to December 2019. Sampling was performed according to consecutive cases with keratoconus that met the inclusion criteria until the proposed sample size was reached. RESULTS: Rigid gas-permeable (RGP) contact lenses notably enhanced distance and near visual acuity in keratoconus patients compared to spectacles. Visual alignment analysis shows exophoria at both distances and is slightly higher with RGP contact lenses. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05), with 82.5 % presenting compensated phoria with spectacles and pnly 42.50% with RGP contact lenses. Stereoscopic vision improved while wearing RGP contact lenses (42.59 %), although accommodation and accommodative flexibility remained within normal ranges. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with keratoconus fitted with RGP contact lenses have improved binocular vision skills such as visual acuity, stereopsis, and accommodative flexibility. However, even when the vergence and motor system is decompensated with respect to normal ranges, the range between break and recovery points for both fusional reserves and the near point of convergence (NPC) improves with the use of RGP contact lenses, giving indications of an adaptive condition of the motor system from the medium to the long term.
Subject(s)
Contact Lenses , Eyeglasses , Keratoconus , Vision, Binocular , Visual Acuity , Humans , Keratoconus/therapy , Keratoconus/physiopathology , Keratoconus/rehabilitation , Adult , Vision, Binocular/physiology , Visual Acuity/physiology , Male , Prospective Studies , Young Adult , Female , AdolescentABSTRACT
Much of the literature linking adversity to trauma fails to account for racialized experiences, including racial-ethnic discrimination, which is a highly prevalent form of adversity for youth of color in the U.S. Adversity and trauma often result in students experiencing elevated rule-breaking behaviors, exacerbating existing racial-ethnic disparities in disproportionate school discipline. Drawing from race-based trauma theory, the present study explored trauma as a mediator of the longitudinal association between racial-ethnic discrimination from teachers, other adults, and students in schools and rule-breaking behaviors among Latinx youth. Data were from a longitudinal study of 547 Latinx students in a southeastern U.S. state. Across gender and nativity groups, school racial-ethnic discrimination and trauma positively predicted later rule-breaking behaviors. Additionally, for girls only, increased levels of trauma partially explained the association between school racial-ethnic discrimination and rule-breaking behaviors. The study highlights the importance of addressing school racial-ethnic discrimination and trauma in equitable school metal health systems. Indeed, efforts aimed at reducing disproportionate school discipline among Latinx students should focus on reducing their exposure to school racial-ethnic discrimination and increasing access to trauma-informed and restorative justice approaches.
ABSTRACT
Frente a la importancia e implicaciones sobre el control de plca bacteriana se efectuo una evalacuio a los alumnos de tercero, cauarto y quinto año de la Facultad de Odontologia de la UUMSS en cuanto se refiere a sus conocimientos del control de placa bacterian y ante la falta de implementacion en las materias basicas y clinicas como medida preventiva antes que curativa contra las enfermedades bucales causadas por la placa bacteriana se ve por conveniente que los estudianates, futuros profesionales, manejen en forma adecuada dicho control y para ella deben contar con los conocimientos necesarios y sufientes para evitar la acumulacion de placa bacteriana...