Causal role of immune cells in chronic periodontitis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to explore the bidirectional causal relationship between immune cell phenotypes and chronic periodontitis using a Mendelian randomization framework. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Through a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis, this research examined genetic data related to 731 immune cell traits and chronic periodontitis. Instrumental variables were chosen based on their genetic links to either immune traits or periodontitis. Various statistical techniques, including MR-Egger regression, weighted median, and inverse-variance weighted (IVW) analysis, were employed to determine the causal connections. RESULTS: Predominantly using the IVW method, 26 distinct immune phenotypes were identified as potentially influencing periodontitis (P < 0.05). Conversely, periodontitis potentially affected 33 different immune phenotypes (P < 0.05). The results for pleiotropy and sensitivity tests were stable. However, these associations lost significance after adjusting for the False Discovery Rate. CONCLUSION: This study uncovers a complex bidirectional causal relationship between certain immune cell phenotypes and chronic periodontitis, underscoring the intricate interaction between the immune system and the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.

Facile access to bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes by Lewis acid-catalyzed formal cycloaddition between silyl enol ethers and bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes.

Saturated three-dimensional carbocycles have gained increasing prominence in synthetic and medicinal chemistry. In particular, bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes (BCHs) have been identified as the molecular replacement for benzenes. Here, we present facile access to a variety of BCHs via a stepwise two-electron formal (3 + 2) cycloaddition between silyl enol ethers and bicyclo[1.1.0]butanes (BCBs) under Lewis acid catalysis. The reaction features wide functional group tolerance for silyl enol ethers, allowing the efficient construction of two vicinal quaternary carbon centers and a silyl-protected tertiary alcohol unit in a streamlined fashion. Interestingly, the reaction with conjugated silyl dienol ethers can provide access to bicyclo[4.1.1]octanes (BCOs) equipped with silyl enol ethers that facilitate further transformation. The utilities of this methodology are demonstrated by the late-stage modification of natural products, transformations of tertiary alcohol units on bicyclo[2.1.1]hexane frameworks, and derivatization of silyl enol ethers on bicyclo[4.1.1]octanes, delivering functionalized bicycles that are traditionally inaccessible.

A novel approach to full-mouth rehabilitation of dentinogenesis imperfecta type II: Case series with review of literature.

RATIONALE: Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) is an autosomal-dominant disorder. The most common clinical manifestations, including obliterated tooth tissues and severe tooth wear, usually lead to tooth extractions. It remains a great challenge for dentists to preserve the residual tooth tissue and establish the esthetics and occlusion of dentitions. PATIENTS CONCERNS: 25-year-old twin sisters, who had suffered from dentinogenesis imperfecta type II for more than 10 years, presented with continuous tooth wear and discomfort from wearing a removable partial denture for more than 3 years. DIAGNOSIS: Intraoral examination showed extensive tooth wear with enamel exfoliation and typical amber-brown color with an opalescent discoloration. Their panoramic radiographs revealed completely obliterated tooth tissues and severe tooth wear. INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES: The dentitions were restored with post-and-core crowns and pin lays after preparing root post paths and pin holes guided by computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) procedures, resulting in a successful repair. LESSONS: Severe tooth wear and tooth tissue obliteration are typical clinical manifestations in DI-affected dentitions, increasing the complexity and difficulty in dental restorations. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatments are essential to achieve a favorable prognosis. CAD/CAM procedures, permitting accurate and effective treatment, possess promising potential in the treatment of DI-affected dentitions.

Clinical analysis of thoracoscopic surgery combined with intraoperative autologous blood transfusion in the treatment of traumatic hemothorax / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

From January 2013 to January 2015, 19 patients of traumatic hemothorax with hemorrhagic shock were treated in our department by thoracoscopic surgery combined with autologous blood transfusion. This study retrospectively analyzed the therapeutic effect and shared our experience. The average amount of blood transfused back was 662.41 ml ± 269.15 ml. None of the patients developed transfusion reaction and were all discharged uneventfully. Thoracoscopic surgery combined with autologous blood trans- fusion is effective in the rescue of patients with progressive hemothorax and hemorrhagic shock. When corresponding indications are well managed, treatment for these patients is quicker, safer, and more effective.