Long-term decitabine/retinoic acid maintenance treatment in an elderly sAML patient with high-risk genetics.

Elderly patients with AML ineligible for induction have a dismal prognosis; hence disease stabilization is a primary treatment goal. This case of a 75-year-old patient with secondary AML receiving the combination of decitabine and ATRA (within the DECIDER trial, NCT00867672) demonstrates an above-average survival. The therapy administered over 52 cycles led to complete molecular and hematological remission and resulted in 5.3 years overall survival. Clonal evolution of the leukemic clone could be demonstrated using DNA sequencing methods. According to the literature, this case constitutes the longest continued HMA exposure in an elderly AML patient ineligible for standard chemotherapy.