BACKGROUND: Polymorphisms of serotonin transporter (5-HTT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have been investigated as candidate genes for post-stroke depression (PSD). Serotonin 2a receptor (5-HTR2a) genes have not been yet investigated in PSD. This study aimed to investigate whether the 5-HTT, 5-HTR2a, and BDNF genes are associated with PSD independently and/or interactively in a Korean sample with high prevalence of risk alleles. METHODS: In 276 stroke cases, depression was diagnosed using DSM-IV at 2 weeks after stroke, further classified to major PSD (N=29), all (major plus minor) PSD (N=77), and control (N=199) groups. Associations between PSD and 5-HTTLPR, STin2 VNTR, 5-HTR2a 1438A/G, 5-HTR2a 102T/C, and BDNF val66met genotypes were estimated using logistic regression models, and gene-gene interactions were investigated using the generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction method. RESULTS: 5-HTR2a 1438 A/A genotype was associated with major PSD, while 5-HTTLPR s/s and BDNF met/met genotypes were associated with all PSD. There was a significant interaction between 5-HTR2a 1438A/G and BDNF val66met polymorphisms for major PSD and a borderline significant interaction between 5-HTTLPR and BDNF val66met polymorphisms for all PSD. CONCLUSIONS: In a large cohort, we found evidence for serotonin and BDNF polymorphisms as susceptibility factors and gene-gene interactions between these systems for depression at 2 weeks post-stroke.
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/genetics , Depressive Disorder/genetics , Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A/genetics , Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics , Stroke/genetics , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Depressive Disorder/etiology , Female , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Polymorphism, Genetic , Stroke/complications
INTRODUCTION: Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT) frequently causes medically intractable epilepsy. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the basic mechanism of epileptogenecity of the tumor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinicopathological data in 13 cases of DNT and immunohistochemical changes of ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits in the tumor and peritumoral epileptogenic cortex were studied. CONCLUSIONS: Magnetic resonance imaging combined with electroencephalography (EEG), electrocorticography, and depth-electrode EEG was valuable to localize complicated epileptogenic zones of the patients with DNT. Neuropathological examinations of the peritumoral cerebral cortex presenting abnormal spikes showed different histopathological grades of neuronal migration disorder (NMD). The tumor cells in DNT disclosed increased immunopositivities of N-methyl-D: -aspartate receptor 1 (NR1) and NR2A/B, and peritumoral epileptogenic NMD revealed increased immunopositivities of GluR2 and GluR3. The amplification of ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits in the tumor and peritumoral NMD may be the underlying cause of epileptic seizures in DNT patients.
Brain Neoplasms/complications , Brain Neoplasms/pathology , Epilepsy/etiology , Epilepsy/pathology , Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial/complications , Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial/pathology , Adolescent , Adult , Brain Neoplasms/metabolism , Cell Movement , Child , Child, Preschool , Epilepsy/metabolism , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial/metabolism , Receptors, AMPA/metabolism , Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism
The present study was designed to examine whether Yukmijihwang-tang (YJT), which is a Korean decoction for the treatment of renal disease, has an effect on renal functional parameters in association with the expression of aquaporin 2 (AQP 2), Na,K-ATPase, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in rats with ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute renal failure (ARF). Polyuria caused by down-regulation of renal AQP 2 in the ischemia/reperfusion-induced ARF rats was markedly restored by administration of YJT (100 or 200 mg/kg, p.o.) with restoring expression of AQP 2 in the kidney. The expressions of Na,K-ATPase alpha1 and beta1 subunits in the renal medulla and cortex of the ARF rats were also restored in them by the administration of YJT. Administration of YJT lowered the expression of renal HO-1, which was up-regulated in rats with ischemia/reperfusion-induced ARF. The renal functional parameters including creatinine clearance, urinary sodium excretion, urinary osmolality, and solute-free reabsorption were also markedly restored in ischemia-ARF rats by administration of YJT. Histological study also showed that renal damages in the ARF rats were abrogated by administration of YJT. Taken together, these data indicate that YJT ameliorates renal defects in rats with ischemia/reperfusion-induced ARF.
Kidney Diseases/drug therapy , Plants, Medicinal , Reperfusion Injury/drug therapy , Animals , Kidney Diseases/metabolism , Kidney Diseases/pathology , Korea , Male , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Reperfusion Injury/metabolism , Reperfusion Injury/pathology
Foram estudados 54 pacientes com Artrite Reumatóide Juvenil (ARJ). Manifestaçöes de Iridociclite crônica näo granulomatosa foram encontradas em 5 casos, sendo que 2 tiveram complicaçöes graves que levaram a atrofia do olho afetado. Quatro (80 por cento) destes casos, näo apresentavam queixas ou sinais oftalmológicos antes do diagnóstico clínico de ARJ, mas ao serem encaminhadas ao setor de uveítes, encontramos sinais de comprometimento ocular da doença. Salientamos a importância do diagnóstico precoce das alteraçöes oculares que podem passar desapercebidas e serem responsáveis por complicaçöes graves e irreversíveis
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Arthritis, Juvenile/complications , Iridocyclitis/diagnosis , Uveitis/diagnosis
