A study of correlation analysis on ocular ischemic disease and carotid stenosis / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Carotid stenosis is one of the important causes of ocular ischemic diseases,To study their relationship is helpful for us to classify and manage the ocular ischemic diseases.Objective This study was to investigate the correlation between ocular ischemic diseases and carotid stenosis.Methods Twenty patients with internal carotid artery stenosis rate more than 60％ defined by digital subtraction angiography(DSA) or magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) were selected,including 9 patients with lateral carotid artery stenosis and 11 patients with bilateral carotid artery stenosis.The best corrected visual acuity,intraocular pressure and fundus examinations were carried out,and the peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) of the central retinal artery(CRA) were detected with color doppler flowimaging (CDFI).The resistance index(RI) was calculated by the formula RI =PSV- EDV/PSV.The correlation between internal carotid artery stenosis rate and PSV or RI was evaluated by Spearman rank correlated analysis.Results The subjective inanifestations included transient amaurosis in 77.4％ frequency and visual blur in 22.6％ frequency in the 31 carotid artery stenosis.Twelve eyes(38.7％ ) appeared the ocular vascular abnormality.Other 2 patients were diagnosed as hypoperfusion retinopathy complicated by neovascular glaucoma.A negative relationship was found between internal carotid artery stenosis rate and PSV of CRA ( r =-0.41,R2 =0.168,P =0.021 ＜0.05 ),but no significant relationships was found between internal carotid artery stenosis rate and RI ( r =- 0.26,R2 =0.068,P =0.159 ).Conclusions Carotid artery stenosis can cause the of ocular ischemic symptoms.The characteristics of retinal hemodynamics is the type of low speed and normal resistance.

Photodynamic therapy for acute central serous chorioretinopathy: the safe effective lowest dose of verteporfin.

PURPOSE: To find the lowest effective dose of verteporfin in the treatment of acute central serous chorioretinopathy with photodynamic therapy (PDT). METHODS: Patients with acute central serous chorioretinopathy were chosen and treated with PDT with verteporfin. Decreasing doses of verteporfin were applied to the first 7 patients at 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, and 10% of the full dose (6 mg/m). Other patients were treated with the effective lowest dose (30% of full dose). Fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, and optical coherence tomography recordings were performed before PDT and at 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months after PDT. The pretreatment and posttreatment best-corrected visual acuity were compared. RESULTS: Fifteen eyes of 15 patients with the diagnosis of acute central serous chorioretinopathy were chosen and treated with PDT. The results at each dose suggested that 30% of the full dose of verteporfin was the lowest effective dose. The mean improvement in visual acuity was 4.1 +/- 0.25 lines at follow-up (mean 11.8 months). No complications were found during observation, except 1 patient at 70% dose who developed retinal angiomatous proliferation at the 1-month follow-up. CONCLUSION: On the basis of the results of this study and available information regarding the expected rate of spontaneous resolution, 30% verteporfin dose seems to be safe and effective in the treatment of acute central serous chorioretinopathy.

Protective effect of Weikang decoction and partial ingredients on model rat with gastric mucosa ulcer.

AIM: To investigate the protective mechanisms of Weikang (WK) decoction on gastric mucosae. METHODS: Ninety rats were randomly divided into nine groups of 10 each, namely group, model group, group with large WK dosage, group with medium WK dosage, group with small WK dosage, group with herbs of jianpiyiqi (strengthening the spleen and replenishing qi), group with herbs of yangxuehuoxue (invigorating the circulation of and nourishing the blood), group with herbs of qingrejiedu (clearing away the heat-evils and toxic materials), group with colloidal bismuth pectin (CBP) capsules. According to the method adopted by Yang Xuesong, except normal control group, chronic gastric ulcer was induced with 100% acetic acid. On the sixth day after moldmaking, WK decoction was administered, respectively at doses of 20, 10 and 5 g/kg to rats of the WK groups, or the groups with herbs of jianpiyiqi, yangxuehuoxue and qingrejiedu, 10 mL/kg was separately administered to each group every day. For the group with CBP capsules, medicine was dissolved with water and doses 15 times of human therapeutic dose were administered (10 mL/kg solution containing 0.35% CBP). Rats of other groups were fed with physiological saline (10 mL/kg every day). Administration lasted for 16 d. Rats were killed on d 22 after mold making to observe changes of gastric mucosa. The mucus thickness of gastric mucosa surface was measured. Levels of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in gastric juice, nitric oxide (NO) in gastric tissue, endothelin (ET) in plasma, superoxide dismutase (SOD) in plasma, malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma and prostaglandin I(2) (PGI(2)) were examined. RESULTS: Compared with control group, ulceration was found in gastric mucosa of model group rats. The mucus thickness of gastric mucosa surface, the levels of EGF, NO, 6-K-PGF(1)alpha and SOD decreased significantly in the model group (EGF: 0.818+/-0.18 vs 2.168+/-0.375, NO: 0.213+/-0.049 vs 0.601+/-0.081, 6-K-PGF(1)alpha: 59.7+/-6.3 vs 96.6+/-8.30, SOD: 128.6+/-15.0 vs 196.6+/-35.3, P<0.01), the levels of ET (179.96+/-37.40 vs 46.64+/-21.20, P<0.01) and MDA (48.2+/-4.5 vs 15.7+/-4.8, P<0.01) increased. Compared with model group, the thickness of regenerative mucosa increased, glandular arrangement was in order, and cystic dilative glands decreased, while the mucus thickness of gastric mucosa surface increased (20 g/kg WK: 51.3+/-2.9 vs 23.2+/-8.4, 10 g/kg WK: 43.3+/-2.9 vs 23.2+/-8.4, 5 g/kg WK: 36.1+/-7.2 vs 23.2+/-8.4, jianpiyiqi: 35.4+/-5.6 vs 23.2+/-8.4, yangxuehuoxue: 33.1+/-8.9 vs 23.2+/-8.4, qingrejiedu: 31.0+/-8.0 vs 23.2+/-8.4 and CBP: 38.2+/-3.5 vs 23.2+/-8.4, P<0.05-0.01). The levels of EGF (20 g/kg WK: 1.364+/-0.12 vs 0.818+/-0.18, 10 g/kg WK: 1.359+/-0.24 vs 0.818+/-0.18, 5 g/kg WK: 1.245+/-0.31 vs 0.818+/-0.18, jianpiyiqi: 1.025+/- 0.45 vs 0.818+/-0.18, yangxuehuoxue: 1.03+/-0.29 vs 0.818+/-0.18, qingrejiedu: 1.02+/-0.47 vs 0.818+/-0.18 and CBP: 1.237+/-0.20 vs 0.818+/-0.18, P<0.05-0.01), NO (20 g/kg WK: 0.480+/-0.026 vs 0.213+/-0.049, 10 g/kg WK: 0.390+/-0.055 vs 0.213+/-0.049, 5 g/kg WK: 0.394+/-0.026 vs 0.213+/-0.049, jianpiyiqi: 0.393+/-0.123 vs 0.213+/-0.049, yangxuehuoxue: 0.463+/-0.077 vs 0.213+/-0.049, qingrejiedu: 0.382+/-0.082 vs 0.213+/-0.049 and CBP: 0.395+/-0.053 vs 0.213+/-0.049, P<0.05-0.01), 6-K-PGF(1)alpha (20 g/kg WK: 86.8+/-7.6 vs 59.7+/-6.3, 10 g/kg WK: 77.9+/-7.0 vs 59.7+/-6.3, 5 g/kg WK: 70.0+/-5.4 vs 59.7+/-6.3, jianpiyiqi: 73.5+/-12.2 vs 59.7+/-6.3, yangxuehuoxue: 65.1+/-5.3 vs 59.7+/-6.3, qingrejiedu: 76.9+/-14.6 vs 59.7+/-6.3, and CBP: 93.7+/-10.7 vs 59.7+/-6.3, P<0.05-0.01) and SOD (20 g/kg WK: 186.4+/-19.9 vs 128.6+/-15.0, 10 g/kg WK: 168.2+/-21.7 vs 128.6+/-15.0, 5 g/kg WK: 155.6+/-21.6 vs 128.6+/-15.0, jianpiyiqi: 168.0+/-85.3 vs 128.6+/-15.0, yangxuehuoxue: 165.0+/-34.0 vs 128.6+/-15.0, qingrejiedu: 168.2+/-24.9 vs 128.6+/-15.0, and CBP: 156.3+/-18.1 vs 128.6+/-15.0, P<0.05-0.01) significantly increased. The levels of ET (20 g/kg WK: 81.30+/-17.20 vs 179.96+/-37.40, 10 g/kg WK: 83.40+/-25.90 vs 179.96+/-37.40, 5 g/kg WK: 93.87+/-20.70 vs 179.96+/-37.40, jianpiyiqi: 130.67+/-43.66 vs 179.96+/-37.40, yangxuehuoxue: 115.88+/-34.09 vs 179.96+/-37.40, qingrejiedu: 108.22+/-36.97 vs 179.96+/-37.40, and CBP: 91.96+/-19.0 vs 179.96+/-37.40, P<0.01) and MDA (20 g/kg WK: 21.6+/-7.4 vs 48.2+/-4.5, 10 g/kg WK: 32.2+/-7.3 vs 48.2+/-4.5, 5 g/kg WK: 34.2+/-6.2 vs 48.2+/-4.5, jianpiyiqi: 34.9+/-13.8 vs 48.2+/-4.5, yangxuehuoxue: 35.5+/-16.7 vs 48.2+/-4.5, qingrejiedu: 42.2+/-17.6 vs 48.2+/-4.5, and CBP: 30.1+/-6.1 vs 48.2+/-4.5, P<0.05-0.01) obviously decreased. The 20 g/kg WK group was better than 10 g/kg (the mucus thickness: 51.3+/-2.9 vs 43.3+/-2.9, NO: 0.480+/-0.026 vs 0.390+/-0.055, SOD: 186.4+/-19.9 vs 168.2+/-21.7, P<0.01) and 5 g/kg (the mucus thickness: 51.3+/-2.9 vs 36.1+/-7.2, NO: 0.480+/-0.026 vs 0.394+/-0.026, SOD: 186.4+/-19.9 vs 155.6+/-21.6, P<0.01) groups and CBP group (the mucus thickness: 51.3+/-2.9 vs 38.2+/-3.5, NO: 0.480+/-0.026 vs 0.395+/-0.053, SOD: 186.4+/-19.9 vs 156.3+/-18.1, P<0.01) in the mucus thickness, NO and SOD levels and better than 10 g/kg (86.8+/-7.6 vs 77.9+/-7.0, P<0.05) and 5 g/kg (86.8+/-7.6 vs 70.0+/-5.4, P<0.05) groups in 6-K-PGF(1)alpha level, 10 g/kg WK group was better than 5 g/kg WK (the mucus thickness: 43.3+/-2.9 vs 36.1+/-7.2, P<0.01, SOD: 168.2+/-21.7 vs 155.6+/-21.6, P<0.05) and CBP groups (the mucus thickness: 43.3+/-2.9 vs 38.2+/-3.5, P<0.01, SOD: 168.2+/-21.7 vs 156.3+/-18.1, P<0.05) in the mucus thickness and SOD level. In compound group, jianpiyiqi group, yangxuehuoxue group, qingrejiedu group, the level of ET was decreased, NO contents were increased in gastric tissue of ulcers in rats. CONCLUSION: WK decoction and separated recipes have significantly protective effect on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury. They can increase the content of EGF in gastric juice, PGI(2) SOD in plasma and NO in gastric tissues, thicken the mucus on the gastric mucosa, and decrease the impairing factor MDA, ET in plasma.