Research advance in progesterone therapy for endometrial cancer / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

Endometrial cancer originates from the endometrium and is one of the common gynecologic malignancies, with its incidence and mortality rate increasing year by year. Although endometrial cancer is more prevalent in the peri- and postmenopausal female population, it has been an evident trend in recent years towards younger patients. For young patients who have not yet given birth but intend to do so, the application of progestins in endometrial cancer treatment has made significant progress in clinical practice. Considering the existence of large individual differences and unclear mechanisms of action in the clinical application of progestins, this paper aims to provide an overview of the current clinical application status, efficacy, hormone resistance, and its mechanisms in the context of hormone therapy.

Current status of radiological Kashin-Beck disease among school-aged children in Chamdo City, Tibet / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:This study aimed to explore the status of radiological Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) among school-aged children in Chamdo City, Tibet, through a 3-year monitoring survey, providing epidemiological evidence for prevention and control strategies.Methods:The target areas for this study were Luolong, Bianba, and Basu counties in Chamdo City, Tibet Autonomous Region, identified as having the most severe historical cases of KBD. Children aged 7-12 years attending school were enrolled as study subjects. Anteroposterior X-ray films of the right-hand were taken, and radiological diagnoses were made based on the "Diagnosis of Kashin-Beck Disease" criteria (WS/T 207-2010). Two experienced researchers independently reviewed the X-rays, and intra- and inter-group consistency were assessed using weighted Kappa values and percentage agreement. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in 2017 and 2020 to describe the X-ray detection rates of KBD, and logistic regression analysis was employed to construct a predictive model of risk factors for radiological KBD cases.Results:In 2017, a total of 5,711 children aged 7-12 years in Chamdo City, Tibet, participated in the baseline cross-sectional survey (average age 9.2 years, 48.0% female), with 28 cases of radiological KBD. The age- and gender-standardized prevalence rate was 0.527%. In 2020, 6,771 participants (average age 9.3 years, 49.5% female) underwent a second cross-sectional survey, with 9 cases of radiological KBD and a standardized prevalence rate of 0.134%. Logistic regression analysis indicated that older age [ OR=2.439, 95% CI(1.299, 4.580), P=0.006] and female gender [ OR=8.157, 95% CI(1.016, 65.528), P=0.048] were independent risk factors for radiological KBD cases. Conversely, higher residential altitude, under the premise of Tibet's high altitude, was a protective factor [ OR=0.995, 95% CI(0.990, 0.999), P=0.032). Conclusion:The radiographically positive detection rate of KBD among school-aged children in Chamdo City, Tibet Autonomous Region, is at an extremely low level and showing a declining trend, reaching the historical standard in 2020. Considering the absence of positive signs in affected children, it suggests that local KBD has been effectively eliminated.

Analysis of the causes of revision total knee arthroplasty / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:To assess causes for revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in China using the data of revision TKA in the past 15 years in our single center andcompare the differences in survival time, operation time and blood loss among different revision reasons.Methods:Data of 337 patients (345 knees) with revision TKAs at our institution from January 2007 to December 2021 (15 years) were retrospectively analyzed. The included population consists of 57 males and 288 females. The causes for first revision TKA were identified and compared according to the time of revision surgery as early (up to 2 years) and late revision (more than 2 years). The reason for revision before 2012 and after 2012 was also compared. Furthermore, the differences of survival time, operation time and blood loss among different revision reasons were compared.Results:The most common reasons for revision of knee joints in 345 cases were periprosthetic infection (133 knees, 38.6%), followed by aseptic loosening (97 knees, 28.1%) and joint instability (35 knees, 10.1%). Early revisions were performed in 171 knees (49.6%), while late revisions were performed in 174 knees (50.4%). Periprosthetic infection (96 knees, 56.1%) and aseptic loosening (86 knees, 49.4%) were the most common reasons for early and late revisions, respectively. There were 59 revisions performed before 2012 and 286 revisions performed after 2012, with periprosthetic infection being the main reason for revision in both groups. The percentage of revisions due to infection decreased from 64.4% before 2012 to 33.2% after 2012, and this difference was statistically significant (χ 2=18.790, P<0.001). The proportion of revisions due to aseptic loosening was 15.3% before 2012, which was significantly lower than the proportion of 30.8% after 2012 (χ 2=5.083, P=0.024). The median survival time of the prostheses in the included patients was 30 months, with shorter survival time observed in patients with stiffness, patellar complications, and periprosthetic infection, and longer survival time observed in patients with polyethylene wear and aseptic loosening. There were significant differences in operation time and blood loss among different reasons for revision ( P<0.001). Conclusion:In our specialized arthroplasty center periprosthesis infection was the most common reason for revision. Periprosthesis infection and aseptic loosening needed to be considered for early or late-stage revision. With the development of technique of total knee arthroplasty, the proportion of periprosthesis infection is decreasing, while the incidence of aseptic loosening is increasing.

Relationship between the prognosis of late-onset depression in the elderly and lncRNA expression levels in peripheral blood and coping styles / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the correlation between the prognosis of late-onset depression(LOD)in the elderly and lncRNA expression levels and coping styles.Methods:Differential expression of lncRNAs in peripheral blood of LOD 92 patients was detected by a real-time quantitative PCR(qPCR)detection system, and the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and the Trait Coping Style Questionnaire(TCSQ)were used for psychological assessment.Results:Compared with the control group, the expression levels of TCONS_00019174(7.55 vs.4.36), ENST00000566208(6.48 vs.3.26), ENST00000517573(8.33 vs.5.32)and NONHSAT142707(6.78 vs.3.26)in elderly patients of the LOD group were significantly down-regulated( Z=5.09, 5.87, 4.35, 6.44, P<0.05); Compared with the low-expression subgroup, scores of anxiety/somatization[(3.83±1.40) vs.(6.39±2.35)], diurnal variation[(0.22±0.42) vs.(0.83±0.94)], retardation[(5.74±0.96) vs.(6.48±1.28)], hopelessness[(2.78±0.67) vs.(4.52±1.56)]and HAMD[(20.39±1.75) vs.(26.83±4.88)]in the high-expression subgroup were significantly lower( t=-4.50, -2.84, -2.22, -4.90, -5.96, P<0.05). The ΔCT value of TCONS_00019174 was negatively correlated with the reduction rates of anxiety/somatization, diurnal variation, retardation, sleep disturbance, hopelessness and HAMD( r=-0.40-0.66, P<0.05). The ΔCT value of ENST00000566208 was negatively correlated with the reduction rates of anxiety/somatization, sleep disturbance, hopelessness and HAMD( r=-0.47-0.62, P<0.01). The ΔCT values of ENST00000517573, NONHSAT034045 and NONHSAT142707 were negatively correlated with the reduction rates of retardation, sleep disturbance, hopelessness and HAMD( r=-0.39-0.76, P<0.05). The positive coping style was positively correlated with the reduction rates of HAMD, anxiety/somatization, retardation, sleep disturbance and hopelessness( r=0.38-0.55), while the negative coping style was negatively correlated with the reduction rates of HAMD, anxiety/somatization, sleep disturbance and hopelessness( r=-0.39-0.67, P<0.05). When TCONS_00019174, ENST00000566208, NONHSAT034045, NONHSAT142707, positive coping and negative coping were taken into the regression equation as variables for HAMD reduction, it was found that they were able to explain 32.4% of the variance for the reduction rate of the total HAMD score( t=-8.713, -3.584, -3.864, -2.257, 5.675, -2.357, P<0.05). Conclusions:TCONS_00019174, ENST00000566208, NONHSAT034045, NONHSAT142707, positive coping style and negative coping style are predictors of the prognosis of LOD in the elderly.

Relationship between symptomatic knee osteoarthritis and frailty among elderly people in China / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To analysis the relationship between symptomatic knee osteoarthritis and frailty in older Chinese adults.Methods:In this retrospective study, follow-up data between 2011 and 2015 from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)were analyzed.Participates over 60 years old were divided into a frailty group, a pre-frailty group, and a normal group, according to the frailty phenotype.Cross-sectional analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between frailty and symptomatic knee osteoarthritis, and the role of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis in the progression of frailty in normal elderly people was further analyzed using a retrospective cohort.Results:In 2011, 5.9% of the elderly were frail and 15.1% of the elderly suffered knee pain.Univariate and multivariate regression analysis indicated that knee pain was a risk factor for frailty( OR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.37-2.61, P<0.01).After a 4 year-follow-up, 41.7% of the normal elderly participants progressed to the frail or pre-frail state.Multivariate regression analysis suggested that knee pain was a risk factor for normal elderly people to enter the frail or pre-frail state( OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.00-2.45, P<0.05). Conclusions:Knee pain is one of the important risk factors for the development of frailty in the elderly.Normal elderly people with knee pain are at an increased risk of frailty or pre-frailty in later years.

miR-23b-3p regulates the differentiation of goat intramuscular preadipocytes by targeting the PDE4B gene / 生物工程学报

This study aimed to explore the effect of miR-23b-3p on the differentiation of goat intramuscular preadipocytes, and to confirm whether miR-23b-3p plays its roles via targeting the PDE4B gene. Based on the pre-transcriptome sequencing data obtained previously, the miR-23b-3p, which was differentially expressed in goat intramuscular adipocytes before and after differentiation, was used as an entry point. real-time quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the expression pattern of miR-23b-3p during the differentiation of goat intramuscular preadipocytes. The effects of miR-23b-3p on adipose differentiation and adipose differentiation marker genes were determined at the morphological and molecular levels. The downstream target genes of miR-23b-3p were determined using bioinformatics prediction as well as dual luciferase reporter assay to clarify the targeting relationship between miR-23b-3p and the predicted target genes. The results indicated that overexpression of miR-23b-3p reduced lipid droplet accumulation in goat intramuscular adipocytes, significantly down-regulated the expression levels of adipogenic marker genes AP2, C/EBPα, FASN, and LPL (P < 0.01). In addition, the expressions of C/EBPβ, DGAT2, GLUT4 and PPARγ were significantly downregulated (P < 0.05). After interfering with the expression of miR-23b-3p, lipid droplet accumulation was increased in goat intramuscular adipocytes. The expression levels of ACC, ATGL, AP2, DGAT2, GLUT4, FASN and SREBP1 were extremely significantly up-regulated (P < 0.01), and the expression levels of C/EBPβ, LPL and PPARγ were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05). It was predicted that PDE4B might be a target gene of miR-23b-3p. The mRNA expression level of PDE4B was significantly decreased after overexpression of miR-23b-3p (P < 0.01), and the interference with miR-23b-3p significantly increased the mRNA level of PDE4B (P < 0.05). The dual luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-23b-3p had a targeting relationship with PDE4B gene. MiR-23b-3p regulates the differentiation of goat intramuscular preadipocytes by targeting the PDE4B gene.

Effects of olanzapine treatment on prepulse inhibition in neurodevelopmental mice model of schizophrenia / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To establish neurodevelopmental mice model of schizophrenia(SZ) with prepulse inhibition(PPI) deficits and investigate the effectiveness of olanzapine on PPI disruption.Methods:On the 9th day of pregnancy of SPF grade C57BL/6 mice, female mice were injected with polyinosinic acid poly (I∶C) (6 mg/kg) through tail vein for immune stimulation. The stress model was constructed by chronic unpredictable mild stress 30-40 d after birth (PND30-40). The offspring mice were divided into pregnancy immune stimulation + adolescent stress group (P + S + group), pregnancy immune stimulation group (P + S- group), adolescent stress group (P-S+ group) and non stimulation group (P-S-group), with 18 mice in each group. The mice in P+ S+ group were divided into OLZ intervention group (OLZ group) and non-OLZ intervention group (non-OLZ group), with 9 mice in each group. The PPI function of mice was detected by acoustic startle reflex test after modeling and OLZ intervention. Adopt StatView Version 5.0 software for data analysis, and multi factors analysis of variance was used to test the main effect, interactive effect and simple effect of each factor.Results:The main effects of maternal Poly(I: C) immune activation and pubertal chronic unpredictable stress were significant( F(1, 330)=47.72, P<0.01), and there was a significant interaction between the two factors( F(1, 330)=14.80, P<0.01), simple effect analysis showed that average percent prepulse inhibition (PPI%) in P+ S+ group((15.42±6.13)%) was significantly decreased compared with groups of P+ S-((27.33±4.58)%), P-S+ ((31.17±3.97)%) and P-S-((47.14±12.28)%)(all P<0.01). There was significant gender difference in Prepulse inhibition(PPI)score( F(1, 396)=61.94, P<0.01), in male and female mice, average startle reactivity of Pulse under Prepulse+ Pulse influence of distinct intensities was significantly different( F(1, 198)=18.68, 18.44, P<0.01), and the maternal Poly(I∶C) immune activation had a significant main effect( F(1, 198)=32.18, 12.58, P<0.01) and interaction with pubertal chronic unpredictable stress( F(1, 198)=34.54, 11.39, P<0.01), simple effect analysis suggested that the average startle reactivity of Prepulse+ Pulse in P+ S+ group(0.47±0.12) was significantly higher than other three groups(P+ S-: 0.36±0.11, P-S+ : (0.25±0.22), P-S-: (0.31±0.19)) in male mice( P<0.01) and in P-S+ group was significantly higher than the other three groups in female mice ( P<0.01). OLZ treatment could efficiently reverse the deficits on PPI by increasing PPI%( F(1, 165)=18.24, P<0.01), OLZ could reduce PPI score in male "dual-hit" model mice( F(1, 102)=21.81, P<0.01)and raise it in female( F(1, 102)=4.88, P<0.05). Conclusion:OLZ can reverse PPI deficits in schizophrenic neurodevelopmental model mice, and in the evaluation of PPI function in the model mice through PPI of acoustic startle reflex, PPI% has better stability and reactivity to OLZ intervention.

Changes in default network topology properties of brain function in maintenance dialysis patients with end-stage renal disease with cognitive impairment / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the relationship between the changes of default network topology properties of brain function and cognitive function in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD).Methods:A total of 31 patients with ESRD were enrolled in the Department of Nephrology, Changzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2019 to December 2020, and 18 healthy persons were included in the same period as the control group.The cognitive function was evaluated with the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and trail making tests, and then the subjects were examined by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). After preprocessing, the brain functional network was constructed and the topology properities of the network were calculated.The SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Independent sample t-test, chi square test and Pearson correlation analysis were used for data statistics. Results:(1) The score of MoCA in the ESRD group(23.37±1.77) was significantly lower than that in the healthy control group(27.94±1.13)( t=9.537, P<0.001). (2) The levels of Eglobal, Elocal, Cp and Sigma in ESRD group ((0.129±0.025), (0.148±0.040), (0.188±0.046), (1.593±0.650)) were significantly lower than those in healthy control group ((0.160±0.040), (0.212±0.024), (0.276±0.049), (2.004±0.864))( t=3.591, 7.474, 7.058, 2.034, all P<0.05). The Lp value of the ESRD group (8.131±1.905) was significantly higher than that of the control group (6.777±2.150)( t=2.583, P< 0.05). The node efficiency values of bilateral dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus, right hippocampus, left superior marginal gyrus, bilateral angular gyrus and bilateral cuneate anterior lobe in ESRD group ((0.133±0.071), (0.201±0.047), (0.211±0.106), (0.175±0.066), (0.276±0.113), (0.122±0.146), (0.042±0.075), (0.171±0.027), (0.154±0.078), (0.240±0.095), (0.161±0.056))were lower than those in the healthy control group((0.312±0.075), (0.289±0.091), (0.277±0.132), (0.284±0.053), (0.368±0.063), (0.231±0.227), (0.120±0.162), (0.296±0.064), (0.310±0.186), (0.318±0.066), (0.286±0.103))( t=2.107-9.436, all P<0.05). (3)Pearson correlation analysis showed that the node efficiency values of bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus and right hippocampus in ESRD group were positively correlated with the score of MoCA( r=0.36, 0.49, 0.53, all P<0.05). Conclusion:The topological structure of brain functional network is abnormal in ESRD patients, which can affect the cognitive function of patients.

Treatment and research progress in Kashin-Beck disease / 中华地方病学杂志

Kashin-Beck disease is a chronic, endemic and deformable osteoarthropathy that mainly occurs in children and adolescents in many areas of China, whose main pathological changes are multiple symmetrical degeneration, necrosis, and secondary degeneration of epiphyseal cartilage, epiphyseal plate cartilage and articular cartilage. Patients with Kashin-Beck disease mainly present with joint pain, thickening, deformation, restricted movement, and muscle atrophy. In severe cases, Kashin-Beck disease can cause short fingers, short limbs, and even short deformities. However, there is no specific treatment for Kashin-Beck disease currently. Common treatment methods include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cartilage protecting drugs, traditional Chinese medicine, arthroscopy and arthroplasty. This article reviews the treatment methods and research progress of Kashin-Beck disease, aiming to provide a more comprehensive reference for the treatment of Kashin-Beck disease.

Personality change and its association with lncRNA expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with epilepsy / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore personality change and its association with lncRNA expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with epilepsy.Methods:Fifty-eight epilepsy patients recruited by the convenient sampling were assessed utilizing personality diagnostic questionnaire(PDQ) for personality change screening.The expression levels of lncRNA in peripheral blood of study group and the controls were investigated by qRT-PCR.Descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis and ROC analysis were employed for data processing.Results:There were 9 of schizoid (S≥4), 11 of schizotypal(S≥5), 17 of paranoid (S≥4) and 15 of compulsive (S≥4) personality change in epilepsy patients, and 52 patients had different types personality changes(89.66%).Schizoid, schizotypal, paranoid and compulsive personality changes were negatively correlated with expression levels of NONHSAG012869(PR3), NONHSAT006265(PR4), ENST00000581634(PR6) and ENST00000524610(PR8) ( r=-0.46--0.71, P<0.05 or 0.01).PR1, PR3, and PR8 had significant predictive effects on schizoid personality change ( P<0.01), PR4, PR8 had a significant predictive effect on schizotypal personality change ( P<0.01), PR3, PR4 and PR6 had significant predictive effects on paranoid personality change( P<0.05), and PR4, PR5, PR8 had significant predictive effects on compulsive personality change ( P<0.05).The effects of lncRNAs on the personality change variance accounted for 0.36, 0.30, 0.40, 0.20 respectively.ROC curve analysis of the diagnostic value of lncRNA expression level on personality change in the epilepsy group showed that NONHSAG012869 (PR3), NONHSAT006265(PR4), ENST00000581634(PR6) and ENST00000524610(PR8) had certain diagnostic value for personality change.The area under curve(AUC)=0.650-0.682, P<0.05, 95% CI: 0.546-0.784. Conclusion:Schizoid, schizotypal, paranoid, and compulsive personality change are common in epileptic patients, and the expression level of peripheral blood lncRNA has a certain diagnostic value for personality change.

Correlation of expression level of lncRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, chronic stress in childhood and cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia patients / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the effects of expression level of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), chronic stress in childhood on cognitive function for providing scientific basis of prevention, intervention and rehabilitation of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia patients.Methods:Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to screen lncRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of 100 schizophrenic patients who was recruited by convenient sampling, and all the patients were assessed by Montreal cognitive assessment-Beijing version (MoCA) and childhood chronic stress questionnaire (CCSQ). Mann-Whitney test, t-test, correlation analysis and regression analysis were employed for data processing. Results:The ΔCt values of NONHSAT089447(5.07), NONHSAT041499(8.56) were higher ( Z=-2.38, -2.07, P<0.05) and scores of all three CCSQ dimensions were lower in higher MoCA goup than those in lower MOCA group (peer bullying: 42.36±11.13 vs 50.84±9.09, abuse and neglect: 55.08±14.22 vs 69.56±13.45, adverse life events: 47.64±12.21 vs 55.80±13.92, t=-2.20--3.70, P<0.05 or 0.01). The ΔCt value of NONHSAT089447, NONHSAT041499 positively correlated with scores of visuospatial-executive, language, abstraction and delayed recall ( r=0.43-0.75, P<0.01). All three CCSQ dimensions negatively correlated with scores of visuospatial-executive, attention, language, abstract thinking and delayed recall ( r=-0.40--0.62, P<0.05 or 0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed that the ΔCt valueof NONHSAT089447, abuse and neglect in childhood significantly predicted the total score of MOCA, which could explained 31.9% of variation ( t=4.31, 5.89, P=0.007, 0.001). The ΔCt value of NONHSAT089447, NONHSAT041499 negatively correlated with peer bullying, abuse and neglect in childhood ( r=-0.39--0.53, all P<0.01). Conclusion:There are correlation in NONHSAT089447, NONHSAT041499 and chronic stress in childhood in patients with schizophrenia, which can jointly predict their cognitive function.

Follow-up study on long-term therapeutic effect of structured patient education and exercise therapy on knee osteoarthritis / 中华骨科杂志

Objective:To evaluate the long-term effect of structured patient education and exercise therapy for knee osteoarthritis (KOA).Methods:Prospective cohort study, 162 patients with KOA were consecutively recruited from May 2016 to December 2019 to receive structured patient education and exercise therapy and were followed up 3 years after the recruitment. All the patients received two 1-hour educational courses and exercise therapy twice per week for six weeks under the supervision of physicians or physical therapists. Knee injury and osteoarthritis score (KOOS), visual analog score of pain (VAS), intermittent and constant OA pain (ICOAP), self-efficacy for arthritis were queried at 3-month and 36-month follow-up visit. We fitted linear mixed-effects models to examine the difference in scores between baseline and 3-month and 36-month visits.Results:109(67.3%) patients finished both 3-month and 36-month follow-up visits. The KOOS pain score increased from 70.8±1.7 at baseline to 79.7±1.8 at 36 months ( P<0.05). The KOOS symptom score increased from 66.8±2.0 at baseline to 74.9±2.1 at 36 months ( P<0.05). The KOOS daily function score increased from 81.7±1.4 at baseline to 87.0±1.5 at 36 months ( P<0.05). KOOS motor function score increased from 47.4±2.8 at baseline to 55.0±2.9 at 36 months ( P<0.05). The quality of life score of KOOS increased from 46.6±2.1 at baseline to 63.5±2.2 at 36 months ( P<0.05). Compared with the baseline data, there were statistically significant improvements in all subscales of KOOS in 36 months after exercise therapy intervention ( F=14.548, 8.102, 11.394, 5.687 and25.942, P<0.05). VAS pain score of left knee, VAS pain score of right knee, ICOAP score, self-efficacy pain score and other symptoms were also significantly improved ( F=17.643, 26.791, 8.290, 4.052 and 3.654, P<0.05). Conclusion:Structured patient education and exercise therapy are effective in improving knee pain and function as well as self-efficacy until as long as 36 months.

The alteration of lncRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the effects of anti-anxiety treatment on lncRNA expression of generalized anxiety disorder patients / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To confirm expression alteration of long non-coding RNA( lncRNA) in pe-ripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of generalized anxiety disorder( GAD) patients and anti-anxiety treatment effects on aberrant expression of lncRNAs. Methods Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed in 80 GAD patients and 40 healthy participants to con-firm 10 aberrant lncRNAs screened by microarray expression profiling. And 26 out of all the 80 GAD patients were recruited for lncRNA expression level testing and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA) assessments before and after 6 weeks’ treatment. Results Six of ten lncRNAs selected by array profiling (lncRNA4(7. 44± 2. 26),lncRNA5(6. 83±2. 28),lncRNA6(8. 09±2. 30),lncRNA8(9. 10±2. 36),lncRNA9(7. 66±2. 12), lncRNA10(7. 34±2. 12)) were verified by qRT-PCR that the lncRNA expression levels were significantly up regulated in GAD patients compared with healthy controls ( Z=-3. 022--1. 996,P<0. 05 or 0. 01),and lncRNA4(9. 73 ± 2. 53),lncRNA6 ( 9. 91 ± 2. 01), lncRNA8 ( 10. 48 ± 1. 68), lncRNA9 ( 9. 02 ± 1. 58), lncRNA10(9. 04 ± 2. 08) were down regulated significantly after 6 weeks’ anti-anxiety treatment ( Z=-3. 180--2. 530,P<0. 05 or 0. 01) along with signicant reduction of total HAMA score (11. 19±8. 37),di-mension scores of somatic anxiety(5. 31±4. 76),psychic anxiety(5. 88±3. 82) (t=5. 502-5. 971,P<0. 01). The alterations of lncRNA4,lncRNA6,lncRNA8,lncRNA9,lncRNA10 were positively correlated with that of HAMA total score and psychic anxiety score(r=0. 39-0. 69,P<0. 05 or 0. 01),and alteration of lncRNA6, lncRNA8,lncRNA10 had positive correlation with that of somatic anxiety score(r=0. 44-0. 59,P<0. 01). Conclusion The expression level of lncRNA4,lncRNA5,lncRNA6,lncRNA8,lncRNA9,lncRNA10 are up-regulation in PBMCs of GAD patients and anti-anxiety treatment can reverse the expression level of lncRNAs. Alteration of lncRNA expression has osculatory association with improvement of anxious symptom.

The alteration of lncRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the effects of anti-anxiety treatment on lncRNA expression of generalized anxiety disorder patients / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective@#To confirm expression alteration of long non-coding RNA(lncRNA) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of generalized anxiety disorder(GAD) patients and anti-anxiety treatment effects on aberrant expression of lncRNAs.@*Methods@#Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed in 80 GAD patients and 40 healthy participants to confirm 10 aberrant lncRNAs screened by microarray expression profiling.And 26 out of all the 80 GAD patients were recruited for lncRNA expression level testing and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA) assessments before and after 6 weeks’ treatment.@*Results@#Six of ten lncRNAs selected by array profiling (lncRNA4(7.44±2.26), lncRNA5(6.83±2.28), lncRNA6(8.09±2.30), lncRNA8(9.10±2.36), lncRNA9(7.66±2.12), lncRNA10(7.34±2.12)) were verified by qRT-PCR that the lncRNA expression levels were significantly up regulated in GAD patients compared with healthy controls(Z=-3.022--1.996, P<0.05 or 0.01), and lncRNA4(9.73±2.53), lncRNA6(9.91±2.01), lncRNA8(10.48±1.68), lncRNA9(9.02±1.58), lncRNA10(9.04±2.08) were down regulated significantly after 6 weeks’ anti-anxiety treatment(Z=-3.180--2.530, P<0.05 or 0.01) along with signicant reduction of total HAMA score (11.19±8.37), dimension scores of somatic anxiety(5.31±4.76), psychic anxiety(5.88±3.82) (t=5.502-5.971, P<0.01). The alterations of lncRNA4, lncRNA6, lncRNA8, lncRNA9, lncRNA10 were positively correlated with that of HAMA total score and psychic anxiety score(r=0.39-0.69, P<0.05 or 0.01), and alteration of lncRNA6, lncRNA8, lncRNA10 had positive correlation with that of somatic anxiety score(r=0.44-0.59, P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#The expression level of lncRNA4, lncRNA5, lncRNA6, lncRNA8, lncRNA9, lncRNA10 are up-regulation in PBMCs of GAD patients and anti-anxiety treatment can reverse the expression level of lncRNAs. Alteration of lncRNA expression has osculatory association with improvement of anxious symptom.

Differential expression of lncRNAs in patients with depression and its relationship with personality traits and social support / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the differential expression of lncRNAs in patients with depression and its relationship with personality traits and social support.Methods The differential expression of lncRNAs in 5 patients with depression (MDD) and 5 normal controls (NC) was screened by gene chip.To validate the gene chip dataset,qRT-PCR was used to verify the expression levels of these 10 lncRNAs in a separate set of 138 consecutive patients and 43 normal subjects,and then the relationships of lncRNA expression level with personality traits and social support were analyzed.Results A total of 2 649 lncRNAs were differentially expressed,of which 534 were up-regulated and 2 115 down-regulated.The expression levels of 8 lncRNAs analyzed by qRT-PCR in patients with depression were significantly down-regulated (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The △Ct value of PY4 was negatively correlated with anxiety/somatization factor (r=-0.210,P＜0.05),and the △Ct values of PY1,PY2 and PY6 were negatively correlated with the social support availability (r=-0.383,-0.391,-0.381 all P＜0.05).Apart from PY1,the △Ct values of the other lncRNAs were negatively correlated with paranoid (P＜0.05),the △Ct values of PY3,PY6 and PY9 were negatively correlated with the borderline and obsessive-compulsive (P＜0.05) and except for PY10,the △Ct values of the other lncRNAs were negatively correlated with the schizoid (P＜0.05).Conclusion The expression levels of theses 8 lncRNAs are significantly down-regulated in patients with depression,and there is a certain correlation with anxiety/somatization factor,personality traits and social support.

The correlation between circRNA expression level in peripheral blood and severity of cognitive dys-function of major depressive disorder / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To explore the correlation of circRNA expression level in peripheral blood and severity of cognitive dysfunction of major depressive disorder(MDD). Methods Gene chip technique was performed in peripheral blood mononuclear specimen from 5 MDD patients and 5 controls respectively for confirming circRNAs of aberrant expression,and further verification was done in a larger sample of 100 MDD patients by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR,and all of MDD patients and controls were assessed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Beijing Version ( MoCA). Results Compared with the controls, scores of visuospatial & executive function, attention & computation, abstraction, delayed memory were significantly lower in MDD patients (t=-3. 89--1. 91,P<0. 05). Expression level of circRNA_002143 had negative cor-relation with attention & computation(r=-0. 645,P<0. 01 ). In MDD patients,expression levels of circRNA_103636,circRNA_100679,circRNA_104953 were positively correlated with visuospatial & executive func-tion,attention & computation,abstraction,delayed memory(r=0. 462-0. 589,P<0. 05 or 0. 01). Expression level of circRNA_100679,circRNA_104953 had predictive effect on visuospatial & executive function(t=9. 49,9. 31,P<0. 01) and accounted for 29. 0% of variances and circRNA_104953 had predictive effect on abstraction(t=8. 22,P=0. 009) and accounted for 28. 5% of variances. ROC analysis suggested expression levels of circRNA_103636,circRNA_100679,circRNA_104953 had neutral predictive efficacy on cognitive function(0. 7<AUC<0. 9,P<0. 05). Conclusion Cognitive dysfunction is specific feature of MDD,which can be interpreted by expression levels of circRNA_103636,circRNA_100679,circRNA_104953,and circR-NAs may regulate the pathological process of MDD via impairing the cognitive function.

Pathologic and molecular characteristics of colorectal cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective Type 2 diabetes increases the risk of colorectal cancer and reduces the survival rate of the patients. Therefore, analyzing the characteristics of colorectal cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes may help to develop precise medical measures and to improve the prognosis of patients. Methods The pathological characteristics of 123 colorectal cancer cases with or without type 2 diabetes were analyzed. In addition, PCR and pyrosequencing method were used to test the common gene mutation status of colorectal cancer, including KRAS( codons 12, 13, 61, and 146) , BRAF( codon 600) , and PIK3CA ( exons 9 and 20) , in order to investigate the molecular characteristics of colorectal cancer in diabetic patients which may provide some clues to clinical decision. Results The mean age and body mass index of patients with diabetes were higher than those of patients without diabetes, but there was no difference in the location, the degree of cell differentiation and the grade of colorectal cancer between these 2 groups. The rate of PIK3CA mutation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, especially in patients with long term type 2 diabetes was significantly higher than that in patients without diabetes (28.6％vs 10.3％, P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in common BRAF and KRAS mutation sites. Conclusion Diabetes does not alter the clinical pathological characteristics of colorectal cancer, but long course type 2 diabetes increases PIK3CA mutation rate. Therefore, using medicine targeting PIK3CA gene mutation may help to improve the prognosis of patients.

Bioinformatic analysis of peripheral blood circRNA in depression disorder / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

ObjectiveTo predict the target genes of miRNA associated with hsa_circRNA_102802 and hsa_circRNA_104597 using bioinformatics methods,and analyse the biological process and signaling pathway.MethodsTargetscan,miranda and mirbase three online database were used to predict target genes of miRNAs which are complementary to circRNAs.Target genes of miRNAs prediction results were taken their intersection of three online database,then take their collection as total target genes of miRNAs.The results were analyzed by gene ontology(GO) and KEGG pathway analysis using FunNet.Results199 target genes of has_miR_204_5p,has_miR_809,has_miR_520_5p,has_miR_423_5p,has_miR_617 and has_miR_877_5p were gotten from the intersection of 3 databases;and 410 targets of has_miR_659_3p,has_miR_9_5p,has_miR_661,has_miR_576_3p,has_miR_548d_5p,has_miR_548a_5p,has_miR_548b_5p,has_miR_876_5p and has_miR_744_5p were gotten from the intersection of 3 databases.GO analysis showed that Target genes involved in diverse biological processes including central nervous system,such as cortex development,axon guidance and extension,synaptic transmission,as well as the process of learning and memory (P<0.05).Enriched pathways were also revealed target genes involved in the signal path including the axon guidance,glutamic acid synapses,Wnt signaling pathway,ErbB signaling pathway,mTOR signaling pathway and VEGF signaling pathway,which connect closeiy with depression.hsa_circRNA_102802 and hsa_circRNA_104597 may play an important role in depression.Conclusionshsa_circRNA_102802 and hsa_circRNA_104597 may be associated with the pathologenesis of depression disorder.

Epigenetic modifications in mental disordersZhang / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Mental disorders are caused by the synergy of genetic and environmental factors,and epigenetics provides a bridge for mental disorders between environmental exposure and genetic background.This review discussed the role of epigenetics on the development of mental disorders,especially in schizophrenia and depression.DNA methylation,histone acetylation,histone methylation,ncRNA,depressive disorder and schizophrenia were used as searching terms.('Schizophrenia OR depressive disorder') and all field of DNA methylation/histone acetylation/histone methylation/ncRNA were taken as index strategy.67 related articles in database of PubMed,ScienceDirect in March 2017 were acquired.41 articles were enrolled as reviewing materials according to literature screening.Existing researches suggest that epigenetic modifications,including DNA methylation,histone acetylation,histone methylation,and ncRNAs,may be associated with the occurrence of mental illnesses and play key roles in the pathogenesis of mental illnesses,especially in schizophrenia and depression.Further studies on them could provide us novel insights into the pathogenesis of these disorders and effective treatments based upon epigenetic mechanisms.

Comorbidity of schizophrenia and depression disorder based upon differential expression of microRNA / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the differential expression of microRNA (miRNA) in schizophrenia (SZ) patients,and explore the comorbidity of SZ and depression disorder based upon miRNA expression.Methods Affymetrix array analysis was used to investigate the differentially expressed miRNA in SZ patients firstly,and then quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was further carried out to confirm the selected miRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 40 SZ patients,whom were administered by Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the selected miRNAs in depression disorder patients has also been confirmed by Affymetrix array analysis and qRT-PCR in our previous studies.Results Affymetrix array analysis indicated that there existed 33 miRNAs which differentially expressed (32 up-regulated and 1 down-regulated) compared with normal controls.qRT-PCR results suggested that the expression of 8 miRNAs (miR-1273d,miR-1303,miR-3064-5p,miR3131,miR-3687,miR-4428,miR-4725-3p and miR-5096) were significantly up-regulated in SZ;the miRNA differentially expressed in depression disorder patients also had differential expression in SZ patients (P＜0.05).There were significant correlation between the miRNAs differentially expressed in depression disorder patients and in SZ patients (P＜0.01).MiR-1972 differentially expressed in depression disorder patients had significant positive correlation with the positive symptoms of PANSS (P＜0.05),and miR-26b was positively correlated with composite factor (P＜0.05).Conclusion Comorbidity of SZ and depression disorder is observed not only on the clinical symptoms,but on the molecular genetic basis.