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1.
Neurocrit Care ; 41(1): 272-284, 2024 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38396279

ABSTRACT

Neurocritical patients (NCPs) in the intensive care unit (ICU) rapidly progress to respiratory and peripheral muscle dysfunctions, which significantly impact morbidity and death. Early mobilization in NCPs to decrease the incidence of ICU-acquired weakness has been showing rapid growth, although pertinent literature is still scarce. With this review, we summarize and discuss current concepts in early mobilization of critically ill patients within the context of neurologic pathology in NCPs. A narrative synthesis of literature was undertaken trying to answer the following questions: How do the respiratory and musculoskeletal systems in NCPs behave? Which metabolic biomarkers influence physiological responses in NCPs? Which considerations should be taken when prescribing exercises in neurocritically ill patients? The present review detected safety, feasibility, and beneficial response for early mobilization in NCPs, given successes in other critically ill populations and many smaller intervention trials in neurocritical care. However, precautions should be taken to elect the patient for early care, as well as monitoring signs that indicate interruption for intervention, as worse outcomes were associated with very early mobilization in acute stroke trials.


Subject(s)
Critical Illness , Early Ambulation , Humans , Critical Care , Nervous System Diseases/therapy , Intensive Care Units
2.
Estud. pesqui. psicol. (Impr.) ; 17(1): 181-204, jan.-abr. 2017. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, Index Psychology - journals | ID: biblio-915638

ABSTRACT

A literatura indica que as famílias de crianças e jovens em acolhimento institucional podem ser estigmatizadas socialmente, gerando um impacto negativo no seu bem-estar, na construção da sua identidade e no sucesso da intervenção familiar. No entanto, poucos estudos investigam empiricamente esta imagem social. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a imagem social das famílias de crianças e jovens em diferentes contextos em Portugal e no Brasil. Uma amostra de 378 participantes (176 portugueses e 202 brasileiros) foi solicitada a indicar cinco atributos de famílias de crianças e jovens em acolhimento institucional e outros cinco atributos de famílias de crianças e jovens em contexto familiar, de estatutos socioeconômicos baixo e médio. Os dados indicam que em ambos os países existe um predomínio de atributos negativos associados às famílias de crianças e jovens em acolhimento institucional e de estatuto socioeconômico baixo, e um predomínio de atributos positivos associados às famílias em contexto familiar de estatuto socioeconômico médio. Destaca-se a necessidade de intervenções, especialmente com profissionais que atuam junto a essa população, para conscientização sobre essas imagens sociais. (AU)


The literature indicates that families of children and adolescents in sheltered care may be socially stigmatized and this has a negative impact on their well-being, the construction of their identity, and the success of family interventions. However, only a few studies have empirically investigated this social image. This study aimed to analyse the social image of the families of children and adolescents in different contexts in Portugal and Brazil. A sample of 378 participants (176 Portuguese and 202 Brazilian) was asked to indicate five attributes of families of children and adolescents in shelter care, and other five attributes of families of children and adolescents in the family context, varying from low to middle socioeconomic status. The data indicate that in both countries there is a predominance of negative attributes associated with families of children and adolescents in shelter care and low socioeconomic status, whereas a predominance of positive attributes was associated with families of children and adolescents in family context and middle socioeconomic status. It is highlighted the need of interventions, especially with professionals who work with this population, to bring out awareness of these social images. (AU)


La literatura indica que las familias de los niños y jóvenes en acogimiento residencial son estigmatizadas socialmente y esto tiene un impacto negativo en su bienestar, en la construcción de su identidad y en el éxito de la intervención familiar. Sin embargo, pocos estudios han investigado empíricamente esta imagen social. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la imagen social de las familias de los niños y jóvenes en diferentes contextos en Portugal y Brasil. Se le pidió a una muestra de 378 participantes (176 portugueses y 202 brasileños) para indicar cinco atributos de las familias de niños y jóvenes en acogimiento residencial y otros cinco atributos de las familias de niños y jóvenes en el contexto familiar, nivel socioeconómico bajo y medio. Los datos indican que en ambos países hay un predominio de los atributos negativos asociados a las familias de niños y jóvenes en acogimiento residencial y el estatus socioeconómico bajo, y un predominio de los atributos positivos asociados al nivel socioeconómico promedio de las familias. Se destaca la necesidad de la intervención, sobre todo con los profesionales que trabajan con esta población, a la concientización con respecto a estas imágenes sociales. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Family , Child, Foster , Portugal , Brazil , Child Advocacy , Child Welfare , Social Stigma
3.
Fisioter. Bras ; 18(3): f: 313-I: 319, 2017000.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-905788

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar a confiabilidade intra e interexaminadores das medidas ultrassonográficas do músculo longo do pescoço em mulheres com e sem migrânea. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, avaliando 20 mulheres com idade entre 20 e 24 anos (22 ± 2). Foram realizadas duas avaliações ultrassonográficas da área de secção transversa (cm2) do músculo longo do pescoço, em repouso e em contração com intervalo de uma semana entre elas, por dois examinadores cegos. Para análise estatística, foram utilizados o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (ICC) e os limites de concordância. Resultados: A confiabilidade intraexaminador do grupo com migrânea, em repouso e contração, foi excelente à direita e moderada à esquerda; no grupo sem migrânea variou de excelente (0,93) no repouso, à pobre (0,35) na contração. A confiabilidade interexaminadores foi excelente (ICC > 0,75) à direita e à esquerda, no repouso, em ambos os grupos. Na contração, variou de moderada (ICC = 0,71), no lado esquerdo no grupo sem migrânea, à excelente (ICC > 0,75) nas demais mensurações. Foram observados baixos limites de concordância dos intervalos de confiança em todas as medidas. Conclusão: Foram observados baixos limites de concordância, de acordo com o intervalo de confiança, na confiabilidade das medidas ultrassonográficas do músculo longo do pescoço em mulheres com migrânea. (AU)


Objective: To determine intra and inter-rater reliability of ultrasonographic measures of the longus colli muscle in women with and without migraine. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study involving 20 women aged between 20 and 24 years (22 ± 2). Two ultrasonographic assessments, conducted one week apart by two blind examiners, were made of the crosssectional area (cm2) of the longus colli muscle, at rest and in contraction. Statistical analysis used the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and limits of agreement. Results: Intra-rater reliability in the group with migraine, at rest and in contraction, was excellent on the right and moderate on the left; in the group without migraine it ranged from excellent (0.93) at rest to poor (0.35) in contraction. Inter-rater reliability was excellent (ICC > 0.75) at rest on the right and left, in both groups. In contraction, it ranged from moderate (ICC = 0.71) on the left in the group without migraine to excellent (ICC > 0.75) in the other measurements. Low limits of agreement were observed for the confidence intervals in all the measures. Conclusion: According to the confidence interval, low limits of agreement were observed, regarding the reliability of ultrasonographic measures of the longus colli muscle in women with migraine.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Migraine Disorders , Neck Muscles , Ultrasonography
4.
Psicol. reflex. crit ; 28(2): 261-269, abr.-Jun. 2015. tab
Article in English | Index Psychology - journals, LILACS | ID: lil-746610

ABSTRACT

Unilateral initial attraction (UIA) is a positive affective reaction following a unilateral perception of an unknown target, defining the first stage in developing a new interpersonal relationship. Although little attention is given to this construct, literature suggests it has a physiological activation component as well as an interpersonal interest component. However, this interest component emerges as necessary to willingly approach another person and eventually initiate interaction. Based on these evidences, we developed and validated the Measure of Initial Attraction - Interest Short Scale (MIA-I) in a sample of Portuguese-speaking individuals (Study 1, N = 544). Results suggest the MIA-I is a valid and reliable instrument (Study 1; Study 2a), and show its capacity to discriminate UIA across different relationships (Study 1) and to differentiate UIA from passion and love (Study 1). Towards an unknown target, the MIA-I also distinguished UIA from liking (Study 2b). These results show that the MIA-I assesses a specific construct, differentiated from liking, passion and love, and suggest its importance to understand the UIA phenomenon.


Atração inicial unilateral (UIA) é uma reação afetiva positiva após a percepção unilateral de um alvo desconhecido, definindo o primeiro estádio no desenvolvimento de um novo relacionamento interpessoal. Apesar de pouco estudado, a literatura sugere este constructo como tendo uma componente de ativação fisiológica e outra de interesse interpessoal. Contudo, a componente de interesse emerge como necessária para uma aproximação voluntária a outra pessoa e eventual iniciação de uma interação. Com base nestas evidências, desenvolvemos e validámos a Medida de Atração Inicial - Escala Breve de Interesse (MIA-I) numa amostra de indivíduos de língua Portuguesa (Estudo 1, N = 544). Os resultados sugerem o MIA-I como um instrumento válido e com níveis adequados de consistência interna (Estudo 1; Estudo 2a) e mostram a sua capacidade para discriminar UIA entre diferentes relacionamentos (Estudo 1) e para distinguir UIA de paixão e amor (Estudo 1). Para um alvo desconhecido, o MIA-I permitiu ainda distinguir UIA de gostar (Estudo 2b). Estes resultados mostram que o MIA-I acede a um constructo específico e diferenciado de gostar, paixão e amor, sugerindo a sua importância para a compreensão do fenómeno de atração inicial unilateral.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Interpersonal Relations , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Surveys and Questionnaires
5.
Int J Psychol ; 50(2): 155-60, 2015 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25044005

ABSTRACT

The Investment Model (Rusbult, 1980) defines general commitment as a long-term orientation towards relationship maintenance and feelings of psychological attachment, influenced by satisfaction, quality of alternatives and intrinsic/extrinsic investments. We suggest the importance of additionally assessing moral commitment, defined by an intrapersonal predisposition to remain in the relationship (Johnson, 1991). We argue moral commitment's association to perceived intrinsic investments acting as internal barriers influencing general commitment and promoting relationship maintenance. A correlational study resorting to structural equation modelling showed that moral commitment predicted intrinsic investments, which in turn predicted general commitment (Model 1). No direct paths emerged from moral commitment to satisfaction or quality of alternatives (Model 2), nor it emerged as a fourth direct predictor of general commitment (Model 3). Results are discussed under relationships maintenance and dissolution frameworks.


Subject(s)
Interpersonal Relations , Models, Psychological , Morals , Social Perception , Avoidance Learning , China , Cultural Characteristics , Female , Germany , Humans , Male , Mexico , Norway , Personal Satisfaction , Poland , South Africa , Uncertainty , United States
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