[Intrathoracic kidney in a newborn with breathing difficulty syndrome secondary to congenital diaphragmatic hernia]. / Riñón intratorácico en recién nacido con síndrome de dificultad respiratoria por hernia diafragmática congénita.

UNLABELLED: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is found frequently in from 0.17 to 0.57 among 1000 newborns and is associated with intrathoracic kidney (IK) in 0.25%. The objective of the present work was to describe both present pathologies in a newborn and to review the literature in this respect. CLINICAL CASE: male newborns, who presented tachypnea sudden and persistent for the first 24 h of life. For the that was physical exam, we included breathing difficult, (eight points of Silverman's) and cyanosis; initial arterial gases: hypoxemia and hypocapnia (acute respiratory failure type I); thorax X-ray; increase of bronchial plot and of parahiliary density; normal lungs, pleuro-peritoneal membrane and solid mass superimposed on heart silhouette were observed and confirmed by echocardiogram. Computed axial tomography (CAT) revealed left kidney and part of spleen inside thorax, beside inferior lobe of left lung. Immediately, the patient was mechanically ventilated and after 2 days, was operated surgically for correction of CDH and descent of left kidney. After surgical intervention, initial symtomatology disappeared and evolution was satisfactory. The present case illustrates how the kidney on occasion can emigrate due to congenital default to the thorax of the wall of the diaphragm and be a casual discovery at the moment of radiologic exploration.

Riñón intratorácico en recién nacido con síndrome de dificultad respiratoria por hernia diafragmática congénita

La hernia diafragmática congénita (HDC) se presenta con frecuencia de 0.17 a 0.57 por 1000 recién nacidos vivos y se asocia con riñón intratorácico (RI) en 0.25%. El objetivo del presente trabajo es describir las dos patología presentes en un neonato y revisar la literatura al respecto. Caso clínico: recién nacido, masculino, quien a las cuatro horas de vida presentó taquipnea de aparición súbita y persistente. Al examen físico: dificultad respiratoria (Silverman de ocho puntos) y cianosis; gases arteriales a su ingreso: hipoxemia e hipocapnia (insuficiencia respiratoria tipo I). Radiografía de tórax: aumento discreto de la trama bronquial y de la densidad parahiliar; pulmones normales, evidencia de membrana pleuroperitoneal y masa sólida superpuesta sobre silueta cardiaca, confirmada por ecocardiograma. Tomografía axial computada (TAC): riñón izquierdo y parte de bazo dentro del tórax, al lado del lóbulo inferior del pulmón izquierdo. Inmediatamente se le instaló al paciente ventilación mecánica convencional y dos días después, se intervino quirúrgicamente para corrección de HDC y descenso de riñón izquierdo. Posterior al acto operatorio, desapareció la sintomatología inicial y su evolución posterior fue satisfactoria. El presente caso ilustra como el riñón en ocasiones puede emigrar al tórax por defecto congénito de la pared del diafragma y ser un hallazgo causal al momento de la exploración radiológica.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is found frequently in from 0.17 to 0.57 among 1000 newborns and is associated with intrathoracic kidney (IK) in 0.25%. The objective of the present work was to describe both present pathologies in a newborn and to review the literature in this respect. Clinical case: male newborns, who presented tachypnea sudden and persistent for the first 24 h of life. For the that was physical exam, we included breathing difficulty (eight points of Silverman's) and cyanosis; initial arterial gases: hypoxemia and hypocapnia (acute respiratory failure type I); thorax X-ray; increase of bronchial plot and of parahiliary density; normal lungs, pleuroperitoneal membrane and solid mass superimposed on heart silhouette were observed and confirmed by echocardiogram. Computed axial tomography (CAT) revealed left kidney and part of spleen inside thorax, beside inferior lobe of left lung. Immediately, the patient was mechanically ventilated and after 2 days, was operated sourgically for correction of CDH and descent of left kidney. After surgical intervention, initial syntomatology disappeared and evolution was satisfactory. The present case illustrates how the kidney on occasion can emigrate due to congenital default to the thorax of the wall of the diaphragm and be a casual discovery at the moment of radiologic exploration.