Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 26
Filter
1.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39045754

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Rapid initiation of ART after HIV diagnosis is recommended for individual and public health benefits. However, certain clinical and ART-related considerations hinder immediate initiation of therapy. METHODS: An open-label, single-arm, single-centre 48-week prospective clinical trial involving ART-naïve HIV-diagnosed adults who started bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) within a week from the first hospital visit, before the availability of baseline laboratory and genotype results. The primary aim was to determine the proportion of people with at least one condition that would hinder immediate initiation of any recommended ART regimen other than BIC/FTC/TAF. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04416906. RESULTS: We included 100 participants: 79% men, 64% from Latin America, median age 32 years. According to European AIDS Clinical Society (EACS) and US Department of Health and Human Services 2023 guidelines, 11% (95%CI 6; 19) of participants had at least one condition that made any ART different from BIC/FTC/TAF less appropriate for a rapid ART strategy. Seventy-nine percent of the people started BIC/FTC/TAF within the first 48 hours of their first hospital visit. There were 16 early discontinuations (11 lost to follow-up). By week 48, 92% (95%CI 86; 98) of the participants of the ITT population with observed data achieved viral suppression. Eight grade 3-4 adverse events (AEs), five serious AEs and six ART-related AEs were identified. Adherence remained high. CONCLUSIONS: BIC/FTC/TAF is an optimal treatment for rapid initiation of ART. However, additional strategies to improve retention in care must be implemented.

2.
J Antimicrob Chemother ; 79(8): 1775-1783, 2024 Aug 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38758191

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The use of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) is based on the results of robust clinical trials. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effectiveness and safety of BIC/FTC/TAF in treatment-naïve (TN) and treatment-experienced (TE) people with HIV using available real-world cohort studies. METHODS: Systematic review and meta-analysis of publications and communications identified via Boolean search in Medline, PubMed and Embase, and conference abstracts reporting retrospective real-world use of BIC/FTC/TAF, published until 31 January 2024. The primary endpoint was the proportion of TN and TE people with HIV with viral load (VL) < 50 copies/mL at 48 weeks while on treatment. RESULTS: Of the 38 identified publications and conference abstracts, for the present analysis we included 12 publications (comprising 792 TN and 6732 TE individuals). For the three publications including 507 TN participants reporting the primary outcome, VL suppression was 97% [95% confidence intervals (CI): 89-100]. For the nine publications including 4946 TE participants reporting the primary outcome, VL suppression was 95% (95% CI: 94-96), with suppression >93% in all studies. Total discontinuations at 48 weeks in TE individuals were 3% (95% CI: 2-5), 1% (95% CI: 0-2) due to side effects. A total of four publications with 151 TE individuals with previous presence of M184V substitution were identified, reporting a suppression rate at 48 weeks of 95% (95% CI: 88-100). CONCLUSIONS: Real-world studies demonstrate low discontinuation rates and high rates of virologic suppression in individuals treated with BIC/FTC/TAF, both TN and TE with and without previous detection of M184V substitution.


Subject(s)
Alanine , Anti-HIV Agents , Emtricitabine , HIV Infections , Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring , Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings , Tenofovir , Viral Load , Humans , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Tenofovir/therapeutic use , Tenofovir/administration & dosage , Tenofovir/analogs & derivatives , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , Anti-HIV Agents/administration & dosage , Anti-HIV Agents/adverse effects , Emtricitabine/therapeutic use , Emtricitabine/administration & dosage , Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings/therapeutic use , Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings/administration & dosage , Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings/adverse effects , Alanine/therapeutic use , Viral Load/drug effects , Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/therapeutic use , Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/adverse effects , Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/administration & dosage , Drug Combinations , Amides/therapeutic use , Piperazines , Pyridones , Adenine/analogs & derivatives , Adenine/therapeutic use , Adenine/adverse effects , Adenine/administration & dosage , Treatment Outcome , HIV-1/drug effects , HIV-1/genetics , Retrospective Studies
3.
Infect Dis Ther ; 13(4): 647-658, 2024 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38570445

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: A broadened clinical spectrum of concomitant complications emerges among the escalating incidence of substance use, particularly within the 'chemsex' context. This case exemplifies the profound neurotoxic repercussions and neurological risk of chemsex in a young HIV-positive male and addresses the multifaceted challenges of such evolving paradigms in substance utilization. CLINICAL FINDING: After consuming cannabis, poppers, methamphetamine, and cocaine, a 28-year-old HIV-positive male exhibited significant neurological and cognitive impairment. The initial presentation included dysarthria and profound anterograde amnesia. Laboratory findings showed leukocytosis with a PCR of 3 mg/dl - elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein levels with no cells. Urine toxicology returned positive for cannabis and amphetamines. A brain CT scan revealed bilateral and symmetrical hippocampi and pale globes hypodensity, indicative of toxic-metabolic encephalopathy. MRI further identified lesions in the globus pallidus, cerebellum, and hippocampi. Following the detection of toxic encephalopathy, Initial neuropsychological was performed screening using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), which highlighted immediate memory deficits. An in-depth neuropsychological assessment conducted 3 weeks later included the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV), the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT), and tests for visuospatial skills, motor functions, and memory recall. The evaluations revealed pronounced anterograde amnesia, persistent long-term memory inconsistencies, and notable executive function challenges, detailed in Table 1. CONCLUSIONS: The detailed analysis of this case underpins the severe neurological consequences that can manifest from heavy substance use. Comprehensive diagnostic evaluations, including neuroimaging and neuropsychological assessments, are crucial in elucidating the full spectrum of substance-induced cognitive impairments. There is an urgent need for enhanced public awareness and preventative measures, especially in the context of chemsex, to bring forth multifaceted health, social, and government implications that modern society must adeptly navigate.

4.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 162(11): 535-541, 2024 06 14.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38383266

ABSTRACT

In recent years, the epidemiology and prognosis of HIV infection have undergone significant changes thanks to the recommendation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all infected persons, the development of more effective and better tolerated drugs, and preventive measures such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). The evolution of ART, now with simple oral and injectable options, has also contributed to improvements in comprehensive HIV treatment and care. With early diagnosis and early initiation of ART, the life expectancy of people with HIV has reached the same as the general population. However, many people with HIV remain undiagnosed or are diagnosed late, and some population groups experience greater vulnerability, affecting individual and collective health. In this review we review the current epidemiology, treatment and prognosis of HIV infection.


Subject(s)
HIV Infections , Humans , HIV Infections/epidemiology , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV Infections/diagnosis , Prognosis , Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use , Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
9.
Gastroenterol. hepatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 42(3): 164-170, mar. 2019. graf, tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-182131

ABSTRACT

Introduction: In the interferon era, the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in patients on haemodialysis (HD) was limited due to the significant number of treatment-related adverse events (AEs). Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have demonstrated their efficacy and safety in the treatment of HCV in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease on haemodialysis. The objective of the study was to evaluate the success in eliminating HCV infection from our dialysis unit using DAAs, and to assess the impact of HCV elimination on clinical and analytical outcomes. Patients and methods: This is a prospective, interventional, single-center study at Hospital Clínic de Barcelona. All HCV-RNA positive patients who received antiviral therapy with DAAs within a 3-year period (2014-2017) were analyzed (n=20). Data on virologic response, adverse events, and biochemical and hematological parameters during and after DAA therapy were analyzed. Results: All patients achieved sustained virologic response (SVR) and only 40% of patients presented with mild AEs. None of the patients presented with HCV reinfection after a 1-year follow-up period, and thus HCV was eliminated from our HD unit. SVR was associated with a significant increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit, and a tendency toward the need for lower doses of iron supplementation with no changes in darbepoetin dose. Conclusion: HCV infection can be safely eliminated from HD units with the use of DAAs, preventing new infections in patients and healthcare staff. In the short term, the achievement of SVR is associated with an improvement in the control of anemia


Introducción: En la época del interferón, el tratamiento del virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) en pacientes en hemodiálisis (HD) se veía limitado por la presencia de efectos adversos relacionados con el tratamiento. Los agentes antivirales directos (AAD) han demostrado ser seguros y eficaces en el tratamiento del VHC en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica en hemodiálisis. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el éxito en eliminar la infección por VHC de nuestra unidad de diálisis con el uso de AAD, y determinar el impacto clínico y analítico de la curación de la infección. Pacientes y métodos: Para ello se realizó un estudio prospectivo de intervención en el Hospital Clinic de Barcelona y su centro de diálisis. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes (n=20) con ARN-VHC positivo que recibieron tratamiento antiviral con AAD durante un periodo de 3 años (2014-2017). Se analizaron los datos de respuesta virológica, efectos adversos y parámetros hematológicos y bioquímicos durante y después del tratamiento. Resultados: Todos los pacientes alcanzaron una respuesta viral sostenida (RVS) y solo una 40% presentaron efectos adversos leves. Ningún paciente presentó reinfección por el VHC y por ello tras un año de seguimiento se consideró la eliminación del VHC de nuestra unidad de diálisis. La RVS se asoció con aumento significativo de la hemoglobina y el hematocrito, y una tendencia a la necesidad de una dosis más baja de suplemento de hierro sin cambios en la dosis de darbepoetina. Conclusión: Con la utilización de AAD, la infección por el VHC puede ser eliminada de forma segura de las unidades de diálisis, previniendo la transmisión de la infección a pacientes y personal sanitario. A corto plazo, la RVS se asoció con una mejoría en el control de la anemia


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Hepatitis C/therapy , Anemia/therapy , Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Sustained Virologic Response , Treatment Outcome , Anemia/prevention & control , Hemodialysis Units, Hospital , Prospective Studies , Antiviral Agents/adverse effects
10.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 34(8): 516.e1-516.e18, oct. 2016. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-156256

ABSTRACT

Despite the huge advance that antiretroviral therapy represents for the prognosis of infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), opportunistic infections (OIs) continue to be a cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected patients. OIs often arise because of severe immunosuppression resulting from poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy, failure of antiretroviral therapy, or unawareness of HIV infection by patients whose first clinical manifestation of AIDS is an OI. The present article updates our previous guidelines on the prevention and treatment of various OIs in HIV-infected patients, namely, infections by parasites, fungi, viruses, mycobacteria, and bacteria, as well as imported infections. The article also addresses immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome


A pesar del gran avance que ha supuesto el tratamiento antirretroviral (TAR) para el pronóstico de la infección por el VIH, las infecciones oportunistas (IO) continúan siendo causa de morbilidad y mortalidad en estos pacientes. Ello ocurre en muchos casos debido a la inmunodepresión grave, bien ante la falta de adherencia al TAR, el fracaso del mismo o el desconocimiento de la existencia de la infección por el VIH en pacientes que comienzan con una IO. El presente artículo actualiza las recomendaciones de prevención y tratamiento de diferentes infecciones en pacientes con infección por VIH: parasitarias, fúngicas, víricas, micobacterianas, bacterianas e importadas, además del síndrome de reconstitución inmune


Subject(s)
Humans , HIV Infections/complications , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/prevention & control , Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use , Evaluation of Results of Preventive Actions , Coinfection/epidemiology , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Practice Patterns, Physicians'
11.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-156257

ABSTRACT

Opportunistic infections continue to be a cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected patients. They often arise because of severe immunosuppression resulting from poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy, failure of antiretroviral therapy, or unawareness of HIV infection by patients whose first clinical manifestation of AIDS is an opportunistic infection. The present article is an executive summary of the document that updates the previous recommendations on the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients, namely, infections by parasites, fungi, viruses, mycobacteria, and bacteria, as well as imported infections. The article also addresses immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. This document is intended for all professionals who work in clinical practice in the field of HIV infection


Las infecciones oportunistas siguen siendo una causa importante de morbi mortalidad en pacientes con infección por VIH. Ello ocurre en muchos casos debido a la inmunodepresión grave, bien ante la falta de adherencia al tratamiento antirretroviral, el fracaso del mismo o el desconocimiento de la existencia de la infección por el VIH en pacientes que comienzan con una infección oportunista. Este artículo es un resumen del documento de consenso que actualiza las recomendaciones previas de GESIDA respecto a la prevención y el tratamiento de las diferentes infecciones oportunistas en pacientes infectados por VIH: parasitarias, fúngicas, víricas, micobacterianas, bacterianas e importadas, además del síndrome de reconstitución inmune. Está dirigido a los profesionales que trabajan en la práctica clínica en el campo del VIH, con el objetivo de facilitarles una atención de calidad en la prevención y tratamiento de estas infecciones


Subject(s)
Humans , HIV Infections/complications , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/prevention & control , Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use , Coinfection/epidemiology , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Practice Patterns, Physicians'
12.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 33(1): 3-8, ene. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-132717

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Estudios recientes confirman un aumento de la incidencia de infección aguda por el virus de la hepatitis C (HAC) en hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) infectados o no por el VIH. El tratamiento temprano con interferón-alfa, solo o asociado a ribavirina, reduce significativamente el riesgo de evolución a la cronicidad. MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo que incluye todos los pacientes VIH diagnosticados de HAC en nuestro centro desde junio del 2003 a marzo del 2013, definida la HAC por la seroconversión de anticuerpos contra el VHC y la detección de ARN-VHC sérico. RESULTADOS: Se diagnosticaron 93 episodios de HAC en 89 pacientes. Excepto en 3 casos todos eran HSH con antecedentes de prácticas sexuales de riesgo. Treinta y 7 (40%) pacientes presentaban otra enfermedad de transmisión sexual asociada. El 29% (27) presentaron algún síntoma sugestivo de HAC. El genotipo 4 del VHC fue el más frecuente (41%), seguido del genotipo 1. En 70 casos se inició tratamiento con interferón-alfa y ribavirina ajustada a peso. En la actualidad 46 han finalizado el tratamiento y el seguimiento, alcanzando 26 de ellos (56,5%) una respuesta viral sostenida. CONCLUSIONES: La incidencia de HAC en los pacientes VIH HSH de nuestro centro ha aumentado de forma exponencial en los últimos años, siendo la transmisión sexual la vía principal de infección. El tratamiento precoz con interferón-alfa y ribavirina consigue una respuesta moderada en estos pacientes


BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest an increased incidence of acute infection with hepatitis C virus (AHC) in men who have sex with men (MSM) co-infected with HIV. Early treatment with interferon-alpha, alone or in combination with ribavirin, significantly reduces the risk of chronic evolution. METHODS: This retrospective study includes all HIV patients with AHC in our centre from 2003 to March 2013. AHC was defined by seroconversion of HCV antibodies and detection of serum HCV RNA.RESULTS: 93 episodes of AHC were diagnosed in 89 patients. All but three were MSM with a history of unprotected sex. Thirty-seven (40%) patients had other associated sexually transmitted disease. The 29% (27) had any symptoms suggestive of AHC. HCV genotype 4 was the most common (41%), followed by genotype 1. Seventy patients started treatment with interferon-alfa and weight-adjusted ribavirin. Currently 46 have completed treatment and follow-up, reaching 26 of them (56.5%) sustained viral response. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of AHC in HIV MSM patients from our centre has increased exponentially in recent years; sexual transmission remains the main route of infection. Early treatment with interferon-alpha and ribavirin achieved a moderate response in these patients


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Coinfection/epidemiology , HIV Infections/epidemiology , Hepatitis C/epidemiology , Liver Failure, Acute/epidemiology , Homosexuality, Male/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors , Sexual Behavior , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks/statistics & numerical data , Retrospective Studies , Ribavirin/therapeutic use , Interferons/therapeutic use
13.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 29(3): 210-215, mar. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-92653

ABSTRACT

La hepatitis aguda C (HAC) representa un problema sanitario en auge. A pesar del descenso de la transmisión del VHC por vía hematológica gracias a los programas de detección de donantes y el menor consumo de drogas por vía intravenosa, actualmente existe un aumento de su incidencia debido al contagio por vía sexual, sobretodo en pacientes homosexuales infectados por el VIH. La presentación de forma paucisintomática es frecuente, lo cual dificulta su diagnóstico. La eliminación espontánea del virus ocurre en el 25% de los casos y, habitualmente, durante los primeros tres meses tras el inicio de la clínica y en pacientes sintomáticos. Si el ARN del VHC persiste detectable pasado este tiempo debe iniciarse sin demora tratamiento antiviral, ya que en la fase aguda el porcentaje de respuesta viral sostenida es mayor al que se obtiene después en la hepatopatía crónica. La pauta de tratamiento óptima (interferón sólo o asociado a ribavirina), así como la duración de la misma no están claramente establecidas en el momento actual (AU)


Acute hepatitis C (AHC) is an increasing health issue. Despite the decline of blood-to-blood transmissionof hepatitis C virus (HCV) through donor screening programs and a decline in intravenous drug use, theincidence of sexual transmission has now increased, particularly in HIV-infected homosexual patients.The presentation is almost always asymptomatic, which complicates diagnosis. Spontaneous clearanceof the virus occurs in 25% of cases and usually, within the first three months after onset of symptomsand in symptomatic patients. If serum HCV-RNA remains detectable after this period, antiviral treatmentshould be started without delay, since sustained viral response rate in the acute phase is higher than thatachieved with chronic liver disease. The optimal treatment regimen (interferon alone or combined withribavirin) and its duration are not clearly established at the present time (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Hepatitis C/epidemiology , Hepatitis C/diagnosis , Hepatitis C/drug therapy , Risk Factors , Spain/epidemiology
14.
Farm. hosp ; 33(5): 247-256, sept.-oct. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-105313

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Estimación del impacto presupuestario de la utilización de la combinación fija de efavirenz-emtricitabina-tenofovir en el tratamiento de pacientes infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana tipo 1 (VIH-1) para el Sistema Nacional de Salud en España, y evaluación de la repercusión para cada comunidad autónoma en el año 2008. Métodos: Se ha desarrollado un modelo de impacto presupuestario con los costes farmacológicos de las alternativas terapéuticas actualmente disponibles, a partir de las pautas recomendadas por GeSida para el tratamiento de la infección por el VIH-1. En el modelo se han definido 5 posibles escenarios en los que se asumen diferentes posibilidades de sustitución de las distintas asociaciones terapéuticas por la combinación efavirenz + emtricitabina + tenofovir. Resultados: La inversión por paciente en el ámbito nacional supone un coste de 7.989 € en el escenario base (sin considerar disponibilidad de la combinación efavirenz-emtricitabina-tenofovir) y de 7.997, 8.424, 7.830, 8.375 y 8.527 € para los escenarios 1 (sustitución de pautas con efavirenz, emtricitabina, tenofovir o efavirenz, lamivudina, tenofovir), 2 (sustitución de pautas con efavirenz), 3 (sustitución de pautas con tenofovir), 4 (sustitución de pautas con tenofovir o zidovudina) y 5 (sustitución total), respectivamente, lo que se traduce en incrementos respecto al escenario base del 0,11, 5,45, —1,99, 4,83 y 6,73 % para los escenarios 1, 2, 3, 4 y 5, respectivamente. Conclusión: La utilización de la combinación fija de efavirenz-emtricitabina-tenofovir en el tratamiento de pacientes adultos infectados por el VIH-1 conllevaría ligeros incrementos o incluso ahorros presupuestarios, con disminución del número de tomas diarias, lo que podría mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes, el cumplimiento y la adherencia al tratamiento (AU)


Objective: Estimate the budgetary impact of using a set-dose combination of efavirenz-emtricitabine-tenofovir for the Spanish health care system’s treatment of patients infected with HIV-1, while evaluating repercussions for each autonomous community in 2008.Methods: We developed a budgetary impact model with pharmacological costs for the different currently available treatment options, based on GeSida’s recommended guidelines for treating HIV-positive patients. The model defi nes fi ve possible scenarios in which various possibilities for substituting different drug cocktails with the efavirenz-emtricitabine-enofovir combination are contemplated.Results: The investment per patient on a national level amounts to €7,989 in the base scenario (without considering the availability of the efavirenz-emtricitabine-tenofovir combination) and to €7,997, €8,424, €7,830, €8,375 and €8,527 for scenario 1 (substitution of recommended drugs with efavirenz, emtricitabine and tenofovir or efavirenz, lamivudine and tenofovir); scenario 2 (substitution of recommended drugs with efavirenz); scenario 3 (substitution of recommended drugs with tenofovir); scenario 4 (substitution of recommended drugs with tenoforvir or zidovudine) and scenario 5 (total substitution), respectively. Compared with the base scenario this means increments of 0.11 %, 5.45 %, —1.99 %, 4.83 % and 6.73 % for scenarios 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.Conclusion: Use of a set combination of efavirenz, emtricitabine and tenofovir to treat adult patients with the HIV-1 virus would lead to slight surpluses or even budgetary savings by decreasing the number of daily doses, which could increase patients’ quality of life and help them stay on the treatment properly (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , HIV Infections/drug therapy , /economics , Anti-Retroviral Agents/economics , Budgets/trends , Drug Costs/statistics & numerical data , /statistics & numerical data
15.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 27(1): 28-32, ene. 2009. tab, graf
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-59268

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The use of protease inhibitors (PI) has led to a decrease in HIV-1-related mortality and morbidity. The objective of this study was to collect safety data on treatment with fosamprenavir/ritonavir (FPV/r) 700/100mg BID in HIV-infected patients through an expanded access program. Patients and methods: Prospective, multicenter, noncomparative study in HIV-1 infected adults, for whom a regimen containing FPV/r 700/100mg BID was appropriate. Results: A total of 678 patients were included in the intention-to-treat (ITT) and safety population. The on-treatment (OT) population contained 587 patients: 76% male, 98% Caucasian, and median age 41 years. Median CD4 cell count was 351cells/μL, HIV-RNA was 3logcopies/mL, and 49% of patients were in CDC class C. After 24 weeks of treatment, serum viral load decreased a median of 1.3logcopies/mL and 73% of patients had <400copies/mL (P<.0001 vs. baseline); 48-week results were similar. CD4 cell count increased a median of 49 and 62cells/μL at 24 and 48 weeks, respectively. Adverse events (AEs) associated with the study medication occurred in 21% of patients. Conclusions: Ritonavir-boosted fosamprenavir as part of antiretroviral therapy is a potent, safe treatment in real-life clinical circumstances (AU)


Introducción: los Inhibidores de proteasa(PI) tuvieron un impacto positivo en la disminución de la morbilidad y mortalidad relacionada con infección por el VIH-1. El objetivo de este estudio fue obtener información de seguridad sobre fosamprenavir/ritonavir(FPV/rtv) 700/100 mg BID mediante un Programa de Acceso Expandido(EAP). Pacientes y métodos: estudio prospectivo, multicéntrico y no comparativo, en adultos infectados por VIH-1 en los que un régimen conteniendo FPV/rtv 700/100 mg BID se considerase adecuado. Resultados: un total de 678 sujetos fueron incluidos en la población por intención de tratar (ITT) y de seguridad. Por protocolo (OT)se incluyó a 587 sujetos, un 76% varones, un 98% caucásicos y con una mediana de edad de 41 años. La mediana de CD4 fue 351 células/μl, de VIH-ARN 3log copias/ml y un 49%en clase C de los CDC. Tras 24 semanas de tratamiento, la carga viral disminuyó 1,3 log copias/ml (mediana) y un 73% tenía < 400 copias/ml (p < 0,0001 frente a basal), al igual que en semana 48. Los CD4 aumentaron 49 y 62 células/μl en semana 24 y 48, respectivamente. Acontecimientos adversos (AE) relacionados con la medicación del estudio aparecieron en un 21% de los sujetos (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Ritonavir/therapeutic use , HIV Protease Inhibitors/therapeutic use , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Viremia/drug therapy , Viral Load , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Spain , RNA, Viral , Ritonavir/adverse effects , HIV Protease Inhibitors/adverse effects , Drug Therapy, Combination
19.
Enferm. infecc. microbiol. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 24(4): 238-244, abr. 2006. tab, graf
Article in En | IBECS | ID: ibc-047903

ABSTRACT

Objetivos. Describir las características epidemiológicas, clínicas y evolutivas de una cohorte de pacientes con una infección aguda por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) en el área de Barcelona. Métodos. Estudio prospectivo de pacientes diagnosticados de infección aguda por el VIH en un hospital terciario de Barcelona durante el período 1997-2003. Análisis descriptivo de las características epidemiológicas y clínicas e influencia del tratamiento antirretroviral (TARV) en la evolución. Resultados. Se diagnosticaron 75 pacientes, lo que representó el 2,9% del total de pacientes diagnosticados de infección por el VIH en el mismo período de tiempo. El 81% eran varones y la mediana de edad fue de 30 años (rango intercuartil [RIC], 26-38). Las vías de contagio fueron las relaciones homosexuales (72%), seguida de las heterosexuales (17%) y del uso de drogas intravenosas (11%). El 77% de los pacientes presentó síntomas, siendo los más frecuentes: fiebre (98%), astenia (86%), artromialgias (65%), linfoadenopatías (55%), sudoración nocturna (48%) y exantema (45%). El 65% comenzó TARV, disminuyendo el número de pacientes tratados del 79% en el período 1997-2000 al 49% en el período 2001-2003 (p < 0,01). Tras una mediana de seguimiento de 37 meses (RIC, 26-66), un paciente falleció y 8 casos se perdieron de seguimiento. Los pacientes que no recibieron TARV presentaron una mayor probabilidad de presentar deterioro inmunológico o clínico durante el seguimiento en comparación con el grupo que recibió TARV (42,3% frente a 12,3%; p < 0,001). La dislipemia y la lipodistrofia se diagnosticaron en el 58 y 37% de los pacientes tratados, respectivamente. Conclusiones. La infección aguda por VIH se diagnosticó con más frecuencia en los varones homosexuales, siendo sus características clínicas similares a las descritas previamente. El TARV instaurado en esta fase de la infección por VIH fue eficaz pero se asoció a una frecuencia elevada de efectos adversos (AU)


Objectives. To describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics and the evolution of a cohort of patients with primary HIV-1 infection from the Barcelona area. Methods. Prospective cohort study of HIV-infected patients diagnosed with primary HIV infection in a tertiary hospital in Barcelona (Spain) from 1997 through 2003. Descriptive analysis of epidemiological and clinical characteristics and effect of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) on outcome. Results. A total of 75 patients were diagnosed, accounting for 2.9% of the total of newly diagnosed HIV patients during the same time period. Eighty-one percent of the patients were males and the median age was 30 years (IQR 26-38). The most frequent transmission route was homosexual (72%), followed by heterosexual (17%) and intravenous drug abuse (11%). Seventy-seven percent of patients presented symptoms, the most frequent being fever (98%), asthenia (86%), arthralgia-myalgia (65%), lymphadenopathy (55%), night sweats (48%) and rash. Sixty-five percent started HAART, although the proportion of patients that received HAART decreased from 79% during the period 1997-2000 to 49% during the period 2001-2003 (p < 0.01). After a median follow-up of 37 months (IQR 26-66), one patient died and eight cases were lost to follow-up. The patients who did not receive HAART had a higher probability of immunological or clinical deterioration during the follow-up when compared to the group that received HAART (42.3% versus 12.3%; p < 0.001). In treated patients, dyslipidemia and lipodystrophy were diagnosed in 58% and 37% of cases, respectively. Conclusions. Primary HIV-1 infection was diagnosed more frequently in homosexual males, and its clinical characteristics were similar to those observed in previous studies. HAART given during primary HIV infection was effective, but was associated with a high percentage of adverse effects (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , HIV Infections/epidemiology , HIV-1/isolation & purification , Lymphatic Diseases/epidemiology , Substance Abuse, Intravenous/epidemiology , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Asthenia/epidemiology , Asthenia/etiology , CD4 Lymphocyte Count , Exanthema/etiology , Fever/etiology , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV Infections/immunology , HIV Infections/transmission , HIV Infections/virology , Treatment Outcome , Early Diagnosis
20.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 126(7): 241-245, feb. 2006. tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-042555

ABSTRACT

Fundamento y objetivo: Las combinaciones de fármacos antirretrovirales utilizadas como pautas de inicio de tratamiento de la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) son diversas y hay pocos datos comparativos entre ellas. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer la mediana de duración de las distintas combinaciones utilizadas como inicio del tratamiento antirretroviral (TAR) en pacientes naïve entre los años 1998-2000 y cuáles fueron los motivos más frecuentes de cambio o finalización de éste. Pacientes y método: En el estudio se incluyó a 518 pacientes naïve infectados por el VIH que iniciaron TAR durante el período 1998-2000. Se determinó la duración mediana de las distintas combinaciones mediante un análisis de la supervivencia de Kaplan-Meier. Paralelamente, se realizó un análisis descriptivo de los principales motivos de finalización del tratamiento de estos pacientes. Resultados: La mediana de duración del primer TAR fue de 427 días (intervalo intercuartil, 114-890). Los principales motivos de finalización del primer TAR fueron efectos secundarios (47%), fracaso terapéutico (9%) y abandono voluntario (6%). En un 15% de los pacientes fueron pérdidas de seguimiento y tan sólo el 9% continuaba con el primer tratamiento al final del estudio, que, junto con un 7% que pudo simplificar su TAR, pueden considerarse como un 16% de «éxitos del primer TAR». Conclusiones: La mediana de duración obtenida, similar a la descrita por otros autores, es relativamente corta para una infección como la producida por el VIH que requiere un tratamiento continuado. Por otro lado, se confirma que los efectos secundarios son el principal problema del TAR


Background and objective: Different combinations of antiretroviral drugs are used as initial HIV therapy but comparative studies between them are not frequent. The objectives of this study are to determine the median duration of different therapy combinations in naive patients between 1998-2000 and the main reasons for changing or stopping this first antiretroviral therapy (ARVT). Patients and method: This study included a total of 518 naive patients who began antiretroviral therapy patients from 1998-2000. Using a Kaplan-Meier analysis the median duration of different combinations was determined. In addition, the main reasons for changing or stopping this first treatment were analysed. Results: First ARVT median duration was 427 days (IQR: 114-890). 47% of patients stopped their first therapy due to adverse effects, 6% voluntarily withdrew from it, in 9% of patients the therapy was not effective and 15% of them were lost of follow up. Only 9% of them continued with the same ARVT at the end of the study but if we add 7% of treatment simplifications we can consider 16% of first ARVT successful. Conclusions: A median duration of 427 days, similar to other studies, is shorter than we would prefer for HIV, a condition that requires continuous treatment. On the other hand, the study corroborates that secondary effects are the principal problem associated with ARVT


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Humans , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Anti-Retroviral Agents/administration & dosage , Treatment Refusal/statistics & numerical data , Anti-Retroviral Agents/adverse effects , Drug Combinations , Viral Load/methods , Risk Factors , Sexual Behavior/statistics & numerical data
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL