Spatiotemporal analysis of a population management intervention for dogs and cats in a municipality in central Mexico.

Background and Aim: The overpopulation of dogs and cats has generated socioeconomic, political, and animal welfare problems, in addition to an important public health problem, due to the risk of zoonotic diseases. This study aimed to analyze the spatiotemporal coverage of canine and feline sterilization services provided by a governmental agency in the rural and urban areas of the municipality of Tequisquiapan, Querétaro. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Tequisquiapan's municipality, Querétaro, Mexico, from July 2019 to September 2022. The total number of sterilized dogs and cats was obtained from the monthly records of the Tequisquiapan Animal Health and Welfare Services Center (CESSBA, by its Spanish acronym). The collected information was related to the sterilized animals (species and sex) and their responsible guardians (sex and address). Access to dog and cat sterilization services was assessed using a geographic information system. Kernel density and directional ellipse tools were used to analyze the CESSBA coverage of care. Indicators were estimated to compare magnitudes and changes at the census tract level. Results: A total of 4,489 animals were sterilized, with n = 2,611 (58%) dogs, of which 1,939 were female and 672 were male. The remaining n = 1,878 animals were cats, representing 42% of the total, with 1,257 females and 621 males. Up to 73% of the sterilized animals were owned by women. The population management of dogs and cats allowed us to increase the territorial coverage from 71.8% in 2019 to 92.3% in 2022. According to the temporal analysis (2019-2022), there was an annual upward trend in the number of sterilizations performed by CESSBA, with a rate of between 55.6 and 94.3 registered sterilizations per 100 inhabited dwellings and between 166.4 and 302.8 registered sterilizations per 1000 inhabitants. Conclusion: The analysis of the dog and cat sterilization service coverage revealed an upward trend, consisting of an increase in accessibility and participation of responsible caregivers who resided in both urban and rural areas of Tequisquiapan. Although it was not possible to evaluate the impact of the program, the use of georeferenced data and geospatial analysis showed that it can support the control of animal overpopulation.

Ivermectin compared with placebo in the clinical course in Mexican patients with asymptomatic and mild COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Despite the development and application of vaccines against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) around the world, the scientific community is still trying to find some therapies to avoid or ameliorate the fatal evolution of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since the publication of the potential use of ivermectin as a treatment against the disease, a pleiad of information about it has been published. However, the evidence is not strong or weak enough to conclude its usefulness in the clinical evolution of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. We evaluate the efficacy and safety of ivermectin in the treatment of Mexican patients with asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 in a three-day administration in comparison to placebo. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out in 66 adults with asymptomatic and mild COVID-19. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 ratio to ivermectin plus acetaminophen or placebo plus acetaminophen. The primary endpoint was the proportion of subjects without a disease progression to severity according to COVID-19 guidelines by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) since randomization to 14 days. RESULTS: None of the participants presented progression to a severe state in either group. Viral load was measured on Days 1, 5, and 14. No significant differences were observed in baseline or 14-day between groups (p = 0.720 and 0.362, respectively). However, on Day 5, a significant difference in viral load was observed between groups (p = 0.039). The frequency of symptoms was similar between groups, and no significant differences were observed. The most frequent symptom was cough. One severe adverse event associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection was observed in the ivermectin group. CONCLUSIONS: At standard doses, ivermectin is not effective to prevent progression to a severe state or reducing symptoms in adults with asymptomatic and mild COVID-19. Trial registration The study was registered with ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT04407507) on May 29, 2020.

Aislamiento e identificación de Pseudomonas sp. y Aeromonas sp. en aguas de piscinas públicas de Bogotá - Colombia / Isolation and identification of Pseudomonas sp. and Aeromonas sp. In public swimming pool waters of Bogotá - Colombia

Resumen Objetivo. Analizar la calidad del agua de piscinas públicas de Bogotá mediante el recuento de Pseudomonas sp. y Aeromonas sp. Método. Se tomaron 48 muestras de agua de 8 piscinas públicas, durante 3 meses. Se realizó el método de filtración por membrana para el recuento de estos dos géneros bacterianos. Resultados. El 100% de las piscinas analizadas presentan recuentos de Pseudomonas sp. por encima de lo contemplado en la Resolución 1618 de 2010 (Colombia) y 63% de las piscinas presentaron recuentos de Aeromonas sp.

Abstract Objective. To determine the quality of the water of public swimming pools of Bogota by means of the count of Pseudomonas sp. and Aeromonas sp. Method. It took 48 water samples from eight public pools, for 3 months, was performed by membrane filtration method for the enumeration of these two bacterial genera. Results. The results show that 100% of the tested pools present counts of Pseudomonas sp. above that provided for in the Resolution 1618 and 63% of the pools had counts of Aeromonas sp.

Dialysis for acute kidney injury associated with influenza a (H1N1) infection.

In June 2009, the World Health Organization declared a novel influenza A, S-OIV (H1N1), pandemic. We observed 44 consecutive patients during the "first wave" of the pandemic. 70.5% of them showed co-morbidities (hypertension, obesity, chronic respiratory diseases, chronic renal disease, diabetes, pregnancy). Serious cases were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), particularly those with severe acute respiratory failure. Some of them developed acute kidney injury (AKI) and required renal replacement therapy (RRT). The average time between admission to the ICU and initiation of RRT was 3.16 ± 2.6 days. At initiation of RRT, most patients required mechanical ventilation. No relationship was found with creatinine-kinase levels. Seventy-five percent of the cases were observed during a 3-week period and mortality, related to respiratory failure, doubling of alanine amino transferase and use of inotropics was 81.8%. In conclusion, the H1N1-infected patients who developed RRT-requiring AKI, in the context of multi-organ failure, showed a high mortality rate. Thus, it is mandatory that elaborate strategies aimed at anticipating potential renal complications associated to future pandemics are implemented.

Evolución de pacientes con diálisis aguda asociada a infección por Influenza A (H1N1) pandémica en 2009 / Evolution of patients with acute dialysis associated to Influenza A pandemic infection (H1N1) in 2009

En junio de 2009 la OMS declaró la pandemia por un nuevo virus de la Influenza A, S-OIV (H1N1). Casos severos fueron hospitalizados en UTI con falla respiratoria aguda. Alguno de estos casos desarrollaron injuria renal aguda y requirieron terapias de reemplazo renal (TRR). Durante el período de mayor incidencia observamos 44 casos consecutivos. 70,5% de estos presentaron comorbilidades (hipertensión, obesidad, enfermedades respiratorias crónicas, enfermedad renal crónica, diabetes, embarazo, otras). El tiempo promedio desde el ingreso a UTI y el comienzo de la TRR fue 3.16 +- 2.6 días. Al inicio de la TRR la mayoría de los pacientes presentaban SOFA score > - 10, presentando fallas cardiovascular y respiratoria. No hubo correlación con los niveles de CK. El 75% de los casos se observaron en un período de tres semanas de pandemia y un porcentaje alto presentaban aumento de enzimas hepáticas, necesidad de inotrópicos, ventilación mecánica y la mortalidad fue superior al 80%. En resumen, los pacientes infectados con S-OIV (H1N1) que requirieron TRR en contexto de falla multiparenquimatosa, presentaron una alta tasa de mortalidad. La experiencia dejada puede ayudarnos a desarrollar estrategias para anticipar potenciales complicaciones renales en futuras pandemias.

Microfiltración apical de tres cementos selladores a base de hidróxido de calcio: Apexit, CRCS y Sealapex / Apical microleakage of three calcium hidroxide-based sealers: Apexit, CRCS and Sealapex

El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar la microfiltración apical de tres cementos selladores a base de hidróxido de calcio: Sealapex, Apexit y CRCS, usando el método electroquímico. Se utilizaron 30 raíces de dientes unirradiculares humanos; las coronas anatómicas fueron removidas, dejando 16 mm de longitud radicular y una preparación crown down fue realizada con limas tipo K Flex y se irrigó con hipoclorito de sodio al 5.25 por ciento. Las raíces fueron divididas al azar en tres grupos de 10 dientes, cada uno de los cuales se obturó con la técnica de condensación lateral usando uno de los tres cementos selladores: grupo 1 Sealapex, grupo C CRCS y grupo 3 Apexit. Posteriormente se desobturaron con fresa Peeso Nº2 hasta dejar 5 mm de remanente de gutapercha. Después, los especímenes fueron colocados en cloruro de sodio al 1 por ciento a 37ºC y una humedad relativa del 100 por ciento durante 30 días. La microfiltración se midió a los 15 y 30 días. El análisis estadístico Kruskal Wallis y Mann Whitney mostró diferencias significativas en el grado de microfiltración de los tres cementos a los 15 y 30 días, dando mejores resultados el Apexit, seguido de Sealapex y por último el CRCS

Manual guía para facilitadores del programa "Construyendo una Esperanza" prevención VIH-SIDA

Contiene: I. Área psicosocial; II. Adolescencia y sexualidad; III. VIH/SIDA y solidaridad; IV. Área biológica; V. Área espiritual

El ixtle (hilo de maguey) como material de sutura quirúrgica / Surgical suture material from ixtle (maguey thread)

La presente investigación muestra un nuevo material de sutura: el ixtle (hilo obtenido de la penca del maguey), tomándose como referencia: bajo costo, rsistencia, durabilidad, reacción a cuerpo extraño. Se trabajo en 4 grupos en el término de un año con un total de 20 perros mestizos aplicando el Ixtle desde piel hasta vísceras abdominales, obteniéndose resultados que se ajustaron en un 100% a las referencias arriba mencionadas y sobre todo, si se toma, si se toma en cuenta que el empleo del mencionado material se efectuó en condiciones totalmente sépticas, ello nos permite concluir que la tecnificación del Ixtle originará resultados aún mejores que los obtenidos en la actualidad con cualquier otro material de sutura