ABSTRACT
Background: Due to the periorbital region's high susceptibility to damage from external factors, along with its tendency to demonstrate early signs of aging, periorbital skin is a common target for antiaging therapy. Objective: This review aims to evaluate the efficacy of active ingredients commonly found in eye creams, particularly focusing on their impact on periorbital skin concerns. Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature on active ingredients in eye creams, including retinoids, vitamins C and E, peptides, ceramides, hyaluronic acid, caffeine, and niacinamide, was conducted. Clinical studies assessing the efficacy of these ingredients in addressing periorbital concerns were examined. Results: Studies demonstrate the potential of these ingredients to improve various aspects of periorbital skin, including hydration, elasticity, collagen synthesis, and reduction of inflammatory mediators. Ingredients such as retinoids, vitamin C, and caffeine show promise in addressing wrinkles and hyperpigmentation, while peptides and hyaluronic acid aid in collagen production and hydration. Niacinamide and ceramides offer benefits in reducing wrinkles and enhancing the skin barrier function. Limitations: The lack of clinical trials specifically targeting eye cream formulations and periorbital skin is a notable limitation. Furthermore, the variability in study designs, sample sizes, and concentrations of active ingredients across studies complicates direct comparisons. Conclusion: The reviewed studies highlight the potential of active ingredients in eye creams to address various periorbital concerns. Further research, particularly large-scale clinical trials focusing on eye cream formulations and their efficacy on periorbital skin, is warranted to establish their significance and comparability with other dermatologic products.
ABSTRACT
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are immune-mediated skin reactions with high mortality as a result of severely compromised skin barrier function. Currently, there is no consensus on the topical management of these conditions. Some advocate for surgical debridement of affected skin as a means of preventing infection and facilitating reepithelialization with synthetic and biological wound coverage. Others prefer a conservative approach that relies on leaving the blistered skin in situ. A consensus is lacking, primarily due to the rarity of the disease and the lack of high-quality evidence supporting one particular form of management. The goal of this review is to explore and compare the two treatment approaches for SJS and TEN, namely conservative management and surgical debridement.
ABSTRACT
A 75-year-old Black man presented for evaluation of a skin lesion on his right shoulder. The lesion had been present for 3 months and was bleeding. A physical exam demonstrated a 2.7 cm exophytic, crusted, blue-to-purple plaque. A shave biopsy was performed, and histopathological examination revealed anastomosing strands of basaloid cells in the dermis, leading to a diagnosis of fibroepithelioma of pinkus (FeP). FeP is a rare variant of basal cell carcinoma. It typically presents as a solitary, pink, pedunculated papule on the lower back, but the presentation can vary. This case contributes to the scarce literature on the occurrence of FeP in skin of color populations. Here, we raise the possibility that FeP may present differently in skin of color patients compared to white patients. Greater clinician awareness can foster improved identification, management, and understanding of FeP in diverse populations.
Subject(s)
Shoulder , Skin Neoplasms , Aged , Humans , Male , Biopsy , Carcinoma, Basal Cell/pathology , Carcinoma, Basal Cell/diagnosis , Neoplasms, Fibroepithelial/pathology , Neoplasms, Fibroepithelial/diagnosis , Shoulder/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Black or African AmericanABSTRACT
Pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) is a rare dermatologic condition whose etiology is largely unknown. However, some medications, including ponatinib, have been implicated. Our case features an 80-year-old patient who developed PRP after two-and-a-half years of ponatinib use. We present this case due to the rare presentation of ponatinib-induced PRP as well as its significantly delayed presentation.
ABSTRACT
Durvalumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) belonging to the anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) class, and it is used in the treatment of various end-stage malignancies. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are associated with various systemic and cutaneous adverse events. Psoriasiform drug eruptions have been clinically observed in patients who have a personal history of psoriasis being treated with ICIs. We present a unique case of de novo psoriasis in a patient being treated for poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the lung. The patient responded well to topical treatment and did not require discontinuation of durvalumab. Our case highlights the importance of clinician familiarity with psoriasis presentation, its association with durvalumab therapy, and treatment options for durvalumab-induced psoriasis.
ABSTRACT
While dermal piercings have become increasingly popular, there is limited dermatologic literature detailing a standard removal technique. Dermal piercings are often removed in the emergency department using non-serrated hemostats and a rocking motion until the anchor can be pulled through the skin. Removal by these means may lead to unnecessary damage to the skin, infections, and scarring. This article describes a straightforward technique for extracting dermal piercings that does not require the patient to know the size or type of dermal anchor. A detailed description, with corresponding images, is provided as a step-by-step guide on implementing a punch removal technique for dermal piercings. Dermatologists can implement this technique to remove piercings without knowing the underlying anchor type. This punch removal technique offers a solution for removing a variety of dermal piercings and subsequent scar tissue while minimizing scar formation and leaving patients with more cosmetically appealing skin.
ABSTRACT
Small foreign bodies superficially embedded in the acral skin can be difficult to remove. Typical treatment includes using forceps and pressure to attempt removal, which is painful and not always successful. Here we present a patient with a prolonged presentation of a superficially embedded foreign body on his finger. The method for extracting the foreign body was successful and painless through the paring of the skin to gently remove the object. This method decreases pain and swelling, making it a more efficient way of extracting small foreign bodies that are lodged in the superficial skin layer. This case report focuses on more efficient and painless removal of superficially lodged foreign body removal in the clinical office setting.
ABSTRACT
Nodular melanoma (NM) is the third most common subtype of melanoma among African Americans trailing behind acral lentiginous melanoma and superficial spreading melanoma. This case of NM in an African American Japanese male was selected due to the rare occurrence of NM in people of color.
ABSTRACT
Frictional dermatitis occurs after prolonged or repetitive physical contact of the skin with a surface and usually presents as a pediatric or occupational dermatosis. A 10-year-old girl presented with painful erythematous, edematous plaques, and macules on the fingertips within 24 h of playing a game requiring her fingers to repeatedly slide across a touch screen for about 45 min. The repetitive frictional pressure and contact over a short period of time between the fingertips and the touch screen contributed to the onset of dermatitis in this case.
Subject(s)
Dermatitis , Skin , Female , Humans , Child , Erythema , Friction , FingersABSTRACT
Dermatology involves various occupational hazards that threaten the safety of practicing dermatologists and may often go unrecognized and ignored. These dangers may appear minor but with the daily volume of patients examined by dermatologists do pose significant health risks. A review of the occupational hazards and exposures frequently encountered in the field of dermatology would be beneficial for both dermatologists and patients. In this review, we conducted a comprehensive search of published studies from inception to May 30, 2021 using the terms "dermatology," "occupational exposure," and "biohazard" in PubMed-MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Embase, and Cochrane Central to summarize occupational hazards in dermatology. (SKINmed. 2022;20:177-184).
Subject(s)
Dermatology , Occupational Exposure , Humans , Occupational Exposure/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) is a type of severe cutaneous adverse reaction (SCAR). DIHS typically occurs 2-6 weeks after initiation of the offending medication. We report a case of DIHS in a pediatric patient undergoing treatment of metastatic melanoma with nivolumab and ipilimumab.
Subject(s)
Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome , Eosinophilia , Melanoma , Child , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/diagnosis , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/etiology , Humans , Ipilimumab/adverse effects , Melanoma/drug therapy , Nivolumab/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Purpose: To evaluate medical student confidence in diagnosing dermatologic diseases in skin of color. Methods: A voluntary supplemental module was implemented as part of the second-year dermatology curriculum at Wayne State University School of Medicine (WSU SOM) in Detroit, Michigan. The goal of the module was to ascertain whether it may increase confidence in students with their approach to diagnosing diseases in darker skin tones. Results: Seventy-seven of 295 students (26%) completed a "Skin of Color" optional module consisting of thirteen cases of common skin pathologies in African American patients. A pre- and post-survey performed to assess students' confidence using a five-point Likert scale. After completing the module, medical students demonstrated a statistically significant increase in confidence in diagnosing skin pathologies in skin of color. Conclusion: Dermatology pre-clinical course work should include supplementary materials to increase student confidence in diagnosing skin diseases in darker skin tones.
Subject(s)
Dermatology , Veterans , Hospitals, Veterans , Humans , Inpatients , Referral and Consultation , Retrospective Studies , United StatesABSTRACT
The microscopic mite Sarcoptes scabiei can burrow into the epidermis of human skin and cause scabies. Obtaining scabies mites from the skin for diagnosis can be challenging. We describe a method for extracting the scabies mite using the tip of a disposable blunt-tip hyfrecator electrode to gently scrape under the fingernail bed. We find that this is a quick and efficient method of obtaining a scabies mite for rapid diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Mineral Oil , Scabies , Animals , Humans , Nails , Sarcoptes scabiei , Scabies/diagnosis , Scabies/drug therapy , SkinABSTRACT
PURPOSE: As the most common cause of skin cancer death, incidence and mortality of melanoma vary widely between ethnic and racial groups. METHODS: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data were used to examine the incidence and survival in patients with melanoma concerning race and ethnicity in Wayne County, Michigan between 2000 and 2016. RESULTS: Analysis of data revealed significantly higher melanoma-specific death in non-Hispanic black patients compared to their non-Hispanic white counterparts (p <0.001). However, no increased risk of death due to melanoma was observed following adjustment of data for the stage, age, and sex (H.R. = 1.00, 95% CI 0.64-1.56). CONCLUSION: Non-Hispanic black patients have the highest percentage of late-stage melanoma. Increased incidence of melanoma mortality in non-Hispanic black patients is likely a consequence of late-stage diagnosis.