Subject(s)
Embolism/etiology , Endovascular Procedures/adverse effects , Livedo Reticularis/etiology , Postoperative Complications/etiology , Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/adverse effects , Aged, 80 and over , Aortic Valve Stenosis/complications , Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery , Atrial Fibrillation/etiology , Atrial Fibrillation/surgery , Embolism/diagnosis , Embolism/pathology , Endovascular Procedures/instrumentation , Female , Foot , Humans , Livedo Reticularis/diagnosis , Livedo Reticularis/pathology , Polymers/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/pathology , Skin/blood supply , Skin/pathology , Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/instrumentationABSTRACT
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Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Epidermal Cyst/diagnosis , Epidermal Cyst/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Appendicitis/surgery , Gardner Syndrome/diagnosis , Polyps/diagnosis , Colonoscopy , Appendicitis/radiotherapy , Metastasectomy/methods , Fluorouracil/administration & dosage , Diagnosis, Differential , Cell Nucleus/pathologySubject(s)
Epidermal Cyst/pathology , Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary/diagnosis , Skin Diseases/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/diagnosis , Adenocarcinoma/genetics , Adenocarcinoma/therapy , Aged , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Appendectomy , Appendiceal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Appendiceal Neoplasms/genetics , Appendiceal Neoplasms/therapy , Asymptomatic Diseases , Carcinoid Tumor/diagnosis , Carcinoid Tumor/genetics , Carcinoid Tumor/therapy , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Combined Modality Therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Endoscopy, Digestive System , Epidermal Cyst/genetics , Epidermal Cyst/surgery , Fluorouracil/administration & dosage , Gardner Syndrome/diagnosis , Gardner Syndrome/genetics , Head , Hepatectomy , Humans , Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis , Liver Neoplasms/secondary , Liver Neoplasms/therapy , Male , Neoadjuvant Therapy , Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary/pathology , Oxaliplatin/administration & dosage , Rectal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Rectal Neoplasms/genetics , Rectal Neoplasms/surgery , Skin Diseases/genetics , Skin Diseases/surgeryABSTRACT
Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) comprise a heterogeneous group of malignancies from cells derived from the neural crest with neuroendocrine differentiation. Despite the differences in the site of origin, nomenclature, biological behavior, and functional status, NETs share certain ultrastructural and immunohistochemical features. NETs are relative rare tumors with an annual incidence of 5.76 new cases per 100.000 inhabitants and they usually appear in the gastrointestinal tract or in the pulmonary system. Head and neck NETs are uncommon with limited information regarding frequency, most of them showing small cell carcinoma features. NETs that arise from the salivary glands are exceedingly rare. Regardless of their low frequency, it is imperative to accurately differentiate these tumors from the much more common squamous cell carcinomas and from metastasis from another primary tumor due to the completely different therapeutic approaches and prognosis. The diagnosis is based on the recognition of the typical neuroendocrine architecture and immunohistochemical staining and on an exhaustive work-up. Hereby, we report a case of a moderately differentiated NET of the parotid gland that was treated with a complete parotidectomy. We summarize the clues that led to the final diagnosis and major strategies that were employed to manage the patient. We also perform a comprehensive review of the scarce available literature on this topic.