[Epidemio-clinical and seminal profile of the man consulting for the desire to procreate: current situation in Lubumbashi, in the Democratic Republic of Congo]. / Profil épidémio-clinique et séminal de l'homme consultant pour désir de procréation: état des lieux à Lubumbashi, en République Démocratique du Congo.

Introduction: in Lubumbashi, as in upscale areas where explorations of fertility are very clever, the spermogram remains the essential analysis in the diagnosis of male infertility. This is the cause of 40% of couple infertility. The spermogram is the first step in identifying seminal abnormalities. The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiological-clinical and seminal profile of the man consulting for the desire to procreate in Lubumbashi. Methods: this was a cross-sectional study. We received 202 subjects in Lubumbashi, whose spermogram was performed from August 1st, 2020 to July 31st, 2021. The semen parameters were studied and interpreted according to WHO standards (2010) with studies of factors associated with their disturbance. Bivariate and multivariate analyzes had been carried out. The statistical significance threshold was set at p < 0.05. Results: the epidemiological-clinical profile of the respondents was as follows: the most represented age group was 30 to 39 years; infertility was primary in 80.69% of cases; the duration of the desire for paternity was 2 years at most in 44.55% of cases. The sperm abnormalities found were: oligozoospermia (40.09%), azoospermia (11.38%), asthenozoospermia (18.31%) and teratozoospermia (10.39%). Oligozoospermia was significantly associated with varicocele (ORa = 10.9 [3.0-39.5]; p < 0.0001), genital infection (ORa =2.7 [1.0-7, 2]; p = 0.041) and obesity (ORa = 2.6 [1.0-7.9]; p = 0.020) while azoospermia was the cure for inguinal hernia (ORa = 4.2 [1.0-17.2]; p = 0.049) and malnutrition (ORa =6.0 [1.2-29.7]; p = 0.027). Asthenozoospermia was significantly associated with the age group of 40 to 49 years (ORa = 6.6 [1.2-37.4]; p = 0.034), tobacco (ORa =7.5 [2.7 -21.0]; p = 0.000), undernutrition (ORa = 7.7 [1.0-61.9]; p = 0.045) and overweight (ORa =3.8 [1.3-11, 5]; p=0.019). Teratozoospermia was significantly associated with smoking (ORa = 5.6 [1.8-17.7]; p = 0.003) and overweight (ORa =5.3 [1.2-23.3]; p = 0.027). Conclusion: more than half of the respondents had, of the three main fertility parameters, at least one that was disturbed. Sperm count was the most affected parameter. Alcohol, tobacco, genital infection and malnutrition were the most common risk factors for the abnormalities observed.

[Obstetric fistulas among people living in northern Katanga province, Democratic Republic of the Congo: about 242 cases]. / Fistules obstétricales dans la province du Haut-Katanga, République Démocratique du Congo: à propos de 242 cas.

Obstetric fistulas are a major public health problem in poor countries. This study aimed to describe the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic features of obstetric fistulas in northern Katanga province, Democratic Republic of the Congo. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study of 242 patients with obstetric fistula living in northern Katanga province from September 2009 to December 2013. The parameters studied included maternal sociodemographic data, obstetric and neonatal parameters, specific features of the fistula as well as management approach and outcome. Variables were analyzed using Epi Info 7.1 software. Out of 242 patients with obstetric fistula, 229 (95%) patients delivered vaginally and among them 74.6% delivered at home. In 93,4% of cases the new-born died in the perinatal period. The average age of patients was 27.9 ± 10.3 years. One out of six patients had less than 20 years and in general almost 1 out of 2 patients had less than 25 years. Seven out of ten patients had a parity of less than 3 and the average parity was 2.5±2.0. Ninety percent of patients had a low educational level and 95% lived alone. The patients had, on average, a history of fistula of more than 4.7±4.4 years, it was a vesico-vaginal fistula (96%) type 2-3 (37%) and it was repaired using a transvaginal approach (67%). The average failure rate was 14%. Obstetric fistula is a real public health problem in our environment and it deserves further consideration to be eradicated.