Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterizations of Novel Norcantharimides, Their ADME Properties and Docking Studies Against COVID-19 Mpr°.

A series of novel Norcantharimide derivatives were synthesized and their structures were characterized by FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy as well as elemental analyses. The absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) properties of the synthesized molecules were investigated. The results obtained in silico demonstrated that these molecules can be considered as orally active drug candidates due to their physicochemical properties. Also, docking studies demonstrated that all derivatives exhibit a good theoretical affinity with MolDock Score in between 124-138 against the main protease of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19 Mpr°) that caused worldwide epidemics. We believe that newly synthesized norcantharimide derivatives can guide many future studies in organic synthesis, medicine and pharmaceutical applications.

The effect of total synovectomy in total knee arthroplasty: a prospective randomized controlled study.

PURPOSE: The apparent synovial hypertrophy in some cases of noninflammatory knee osteoarthritis suggests that total synovectomy may provide beneficial inflammatory and pain relief after total knee arthroplasty. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of synovectomy on the postoperative pain, bleeding and functional outcome after surgical treatment of knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: A total of 50 patients with bilateral, non inflammatory, primary knee osteoarthritis were included in the study. Bilateral total knee replacement was performed at the same session. Total synovectomy and total knee arthroplasty (study group) were applied to a randomly selected side, and the total knee arthroplasty alone (as control group) was applied to the contralateral side of the same patient. The overall efficacy of both procedures was assessed postoperatively by determination of blood loss from the drain, pain and functional scores. The Visual Analogue Scale of pain and the Knee Society Knee Score were used to compare the two groups at 3rd, 6th and 12th months, postoperatively. RESULTS: During the postoperative 48 h, the mean blood loss in the study group (with synovectomy) was significantly higher than the control group (P=0.005). However, in the postoperative follow-up time, there was no significant difference in pain relief and in the Knee Society Score between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Performing synovectomy in patients with primary knee osteoarthritis does not seem to have any clinical advantage besides it might increase blood loss and recurrent hemarthrosis postoperatively. Thus, during arthroplasty surgery, it should not be performed routinely.

Fast method for synthesis of alkyl and aryl-N-methylnitrones.

A simple, fast, efficient and eco-friendly procedure was developed for the synthesis of alkyl and aryl-N-methylnitrones. The corresponding nitrones of aromatic aldehydes, aliphatic aldehydes and alicyclic carbonyl compounds were prepared from N-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride and Na2CO3-Na2SO4 by simply grinding at room temperature without using solvent.

Dimethyl trans-3-(4-bromo-phen-yl)-2-methyl-isoxazolidine-4,5-dicarboxyl-ate.

In the title compound, C(14)H(16)BrNO(5), the isoxazolidine ring adopts an envelope conformation, with the N atom at the flap. In the crystal, inter-molecular C-H⋯N and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds generate R(3) (3)(18) ring motifs which are fused into a ribbon-like structure extending along the b axis.

Dimethyl cis-2-methyl-3-p-tolyl-isoxazolidine-4,5-dicarboxyl-ate.

In the mol-ecule of the title compound, C(15)H(19)NO(5), the isoxazole ring adopts an envelope conformation. In the crystal structure, weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O and C-H⋯N hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules, in which they may be effective in the stabilization of the structure.

2-Methyl-3-(5-methyl-2-thien-yl)-5-phenyl-perhydro-pyrrolo[3,4-d]isoxazole-4,6-dione.

In the mol-ecule of the title compound, C(17)H(16)N(2)O(3)S, the phenyl ring is oriented with respect to the thio-phene and succinimide rings at dihedral angles of 88.08 (3) and 57.81 (3)°, respectively; the dihedral angle between the thio-phene and succinimide rings is 35.69 (3)°. The isoxazole ring adopts an envelope conformation with the N atom at the flap position. In the crystal structure, inter-molecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into infinite chains along the b axis. Weak C-H⋯π inter-actions may further stabilize the structure.

2,5-Dimethyl-3-(3-methyl-thio-phen-2-yl)perhydro-pyrrolo[3,4-d]isoxazole-4,6-dione.

The crystal structure of the title compound, C(12)H(14)N(2)O(3)S, exhibits intra-molecular C-H⋯S and inter-molecular C-H⋯S, C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, C-S⋯N [S⋯N = 2.980 (2) Å, C-S⋯N = 145.78 (17)°] and C-H⋯π inter-actions; these inter-actions generate two C(5) chains and S(4), S(6) and R(4) (4)(28) ring motifs. The isoxazole ring has an envelope conformation; the N atom, which is the flap atom, is displaced by 0.261 (2) Šfrom the plane defined by the remaining four atoms. The dihedral angle between the succinimide and thio-phene rings is 46.8 (2)°.

(3R,3aS,6aR)-2,5-Dimethyl-3-(5-phenyl-2-thien-yl)perhydro-pyrrolo[3,4-d][1,2]oxazole-4,6-dione.

The crystal structure of the title compound, C(17)H(16)N(2)O(3)S, exhibits intra-molecular C-H⋯S and inter-molecular C-H⋯S and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, C-S⋯N [S⋯N = 3.033 (2) Šand C-S⋯N = 142.76 (9)°] inter-actions, and C-H⋯π inter-actions; these inter-actions generate S(4), S(6) and R(2) (2)(14) ring motifs. The isoxazole ring adopts an envelope conformation, with the N atom displaced by 0.672 (2) Šfrom the plane of the other ring atoms. The thio-phene ring is oriented with respect to the succinimide and phenyl rings at dihedral angles of 40.03 (12) and 5.21 (13)°, respectively. The dihedral angle between the succinimide and phenyl rings is 39.38 (12)°.

A novel synthesis of bromobenzenes using molecular bromine.

Certain substituted bromobenzenes have been synthesized in acceptable yields using a novel Sandmeyer type reaction. The reactions are relatively quick and possibly proceed via a radical mechanism.