Adult aberrant astrocytes submitted to late passage cultivation lost differentiation markers and decreased their pro-inflammatory profile.

In amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), astrocytes are considered key players in some non-cell non-neuronal autonomous mechanisms that underlie motor neuron death. However, it is unknown how much of these deleterious features were permanently acquired. To assess this point, we evaluated if the most remarkable features of neurotoxic aberrant glial phenotypes (AbAs) isolated from paralytic rats of the ALS model G93A Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) could remain upon long lasting cultivation. Real time PCR, immunolabelling and zymography analysis showed that upon many passages, AbAs preserved the cell proliferation capacity, mitochondrial function and response to different compounds that inhibit some key astrocyte functions but decreased the expression of parameters associated to cell lineage, homeostasis and inflammation. As these results are contrary to the sustained inflammatory status observed along disease progression in SOD1G93A rats, we propose that the most AbAs remarkable features related to homeostasis and neurotoxicity were not permanently acquired and might depend on the signaling coming from the injuring microenvironment present in the degenerating spinal cord of terminal rats.

Immune Response to the Recombinant Apa Protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis Expressed in Streptomyces lividans After Intranasal Administration in Mice. Induction of Protective Response to Tubercle Bacillus Aerosols Exposure.

Identifying and evaluating potential vaccine candidates has become one of the main objectives to combat tuberculosis. Among them, mannosylated Apa antigen from Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the non-mannosylated protein expressed in Escherichia coli, have been studied. Although both proteins can induce a protective response in mice, it has been considered that native protein can be dispensed. In this work, we study the protective response induced by Apa expressed in E. coli and in Streptomyces lividans. The latter, like native is secreted as a double band of 45/47 kDa, however, only its 47 kDa band is mannosylated. Both antigens and BCG were intranasal administrated in mice, and animals were then challenged by aerosol with M. tuberculosis H37Rv. The results showed that both, Apa from S. lividans and E. coli conferred statistically significantly protection to animals compared to controls. The cytokine immune response was studied by an immunoassay after animals' immunization, revealing that Apa from S. lividans induced a statistically significant proliferation of T cell, as well as the expression of IFN-γ, IL-1ß, IL-17 and IL-10. In contrast, non-proliferation was obtained with non-mannosylated protein, but induction of IL-12 and IL-17 was observed. Together, these results demonstrate that both proteins were able to modulate a specific immune response against M. tuberculosis, that could be driven by different mechanisms possibly associated with the presence or not of mannosylation. Furthermore, stimulation of cells from BCG-vaccinated animals with the proteins could be an important tool, to help define the use of a given subunit-vaccine after BCG vaccination.

Factors associated with the evolution of COVID-19 in pregnant women: a Brazilian population-based study.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the evolution of COVID-19 among Brazilian pregnant women, identifying sociodemographic and clinical predictors related to admission to ICU - Intensive Care Unit and death. METHOD: Cross-sectional, population-based study, carried out with a secondary database, based on data from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System. Descriptive analysis was performed, followed by multiple linear regression with Poisson response, adopting critical p < 0.05. RESULTS: Intensive care admission rates of 28.2% and death rates of 9.5% were identified. Region of residence, gestational trimester, number of comorbidities and respiratory signs and symptoms were associated with the risk of admission to intensive care. Age over 34 years, comorbidities, oxygen saturation equal to or less than 95%, admission to intensive care and ventilatory support, invasive or not, increased the risk of death. CONCLUSION: Sociodemographic and clinical predictors showed an association with hospitalization in intensive care and death of pregnant women with COVID-19.

Advanced Practice Nursing: "Training" Pillar in Supporting the Proposal in Brazil.

OBJECTIVES: to present the pillars that support what has been called Advanced Practice Nursing and discuss the necessary training for its implementation. METHODS: elements contained in assessment documents for graduate programs proposals, reports of presentations by international professors in countries and selected scientific publications were gathered to compose the argument. RESULTS: practice/competency (adds broad and in-depth knowledge about health processes and scientific evidence, clinical reasoning and clinical skills for therapeutic indications); 3) professional regulation (corresponding legislation and monitoring); and 4) funding (broad training and professional practice policy). FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the agenda for implementing Advanced Practice Nursing in Brazil involves joining efforts to identify stakeholders for a work to legitimize their importance in the country's health and education overview.

Mobile applications as a strategy to support parents in the care of newborns: a scoping review.

OBJECTIVE: To map and describe studies available in the literature about mobile applications to support parents in newborn care and data from applications accessible in online stores. METHOD: This is a scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The searches were carried out in theses and dissertations databases and portals, in September 2021, and articles, theses, and dissertations were included. An independent search was performed in online stores of applications for operating systems Android and iOS, in October and December 2021, and applications with content to support parents of newborns were selected. RESULTS: A total of 5,238 studies and 757 applications were found, and of these, 16 and 150, respectively, composed the sample. The topics discussed in the studies were: care, breastfeeding, fever, identification of neonatal diseases, child growth and development. In the applications, the themes found were care, breastfeeding, growth, immunization, development, sleep, tips, and guidelines. CONCLUSION: Applications are important support tools for parents, as they are an innovative means and accessible to a large part of the population.

Diaphragmatic Activation Correlated with Lumbar Multifidus Muscles and Thoracolumbar Fascia by B-Mode and M-Mode Ultrasonography in Subjects with and without Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Pilot Study.

Background and Objectives: The diaphragm, the lumbar multifidus muscles, and the thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) execute an important role in the stability of the lumbar spine and their morphology has been modified in subjects with non-specific low back pain (NS-LBP). While it is true that three structures correlate anatomically, the possible functional correlation between them has not been investigated previously in healthy subjects nor in subjects with NS-LBP. The aim of the present study was to examine this functional nexus by means of a comparison based on ultrasonographic parameters of the diaphragm, the lumbar multifidus muscles, and the TLF in subjects with and without NS-LBP. Materials and Methods: A sample of 54 (23 NS-LBP and 31 healthy) subjects were included in the study. The thickness and diaphragmatic excursion at tidal volume (TV) and force volume (FV), the lumbar multifidus muscles thickness at contraction and at rest, and the TLF thickness were evaluated using rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI) by B-mode and M-mode ultrasonography. The diaphragm thickening capacity was also calculated by thickening fraction (TF) at tidal volume and force volume. Results: There were no significant differences recorded between the activation of the diaphragm and the activation of the lumbar multifidus muscles and TLF for each variable, within both groups. However, there were significant differences recorded between both groups in diaphragm thickness and diaphragm thickening capacity at tidal volume and force volume. Conclusions: Diaphragmatic activation had no functional correlation with the activation of lumbar multifidus muscles and TLF for both groups. Nevertheless, subjects with NS-LBP showed a reduced diaphragm thickness and a lower diaphragm thickening capacity at tidal volume and force volume, compared to healthy subjects.

Utilização de aplicativos móveis como estratégia de apoio a familiares no cuidado a recém-nascidos: protocolo scoping review / Use of mobile applications as a strategy to support family members in the care of newborns: a scoping review protocol

OBJETIVO: Mapear e descrever os estudos disponíveis na literatura e lojas on-line sobre os aplicativos móveis para apoio a familiares de recém-nascidos. MÉTODO: Trata-se de protocolo de scoping review, elaborado conforme recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs, seguindo os itens do PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. A busca será realizada em duas etapas: 1 - nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Acadêmico, Scielo, como também no Portal BVS e de Teses e Dissertações da América Latina e no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior; 2 - em lojas on-line para smartphones com sistemas operacionais Android e iOS, por meio da utilização independente do termo "recém-nascido". O protocolo norteará o desenvolvimento da revisão de escopo para descrição e mapeamento de aplicativos móveis para apoio a familiares de recém-nascidos.

OBJECTIVE: To map and describe the studies available in the literature and online stores on mobile applications to support family members of newborns. METHOD: This is a scoping review protocol, prepared following the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute and the items of the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. The search will be carried out in two stages: 1 - in PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, LILACS, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Scielo databases, and in the VHL, the Latin American Theses and Dissertations Portal, and the catalog of theses and dissertations of the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel; 2 - in the online stores of Android and iOS operating systems, through the independent use of the term "newborn". The protocol will guide the development of the scoping review for the description and mapping of mobile applications to support family members of newborns.

Knowledge of women who have sex with women about Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS. / Conhecimento de mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres sobre Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis e Aids.

This article aims to study the knowledge of women who have sex with women about Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS. Cross-sectional study of 260 women, 81 women who either have sex with women or with men and women (WSW) and 179 women who have sex exclusively with men (WSM). Data were collected in 2019/2020 by means of a form and validated instruments. To study the association between sexual partnership and level of knowledge about Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS, multiple Cox regression models were adjusted, producing significant associations of p<0,05. The median percentage of correct answers was lower among WSW when compared to WSM [68% (18-96) vs 75% (14-96); p=0.023]. Having sex with woman [PR=2.36 (1.07-5.21); p=0.033] and less than 11 years of schooling [PR=2.64 (1.12-6.21); p=0.026] were independently associated with low knowledge. WSW had a lower level of knowledge about Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS than WSM, and lower education was independently associated with this finding.

O objetivo deste artigo é estudar o conhecimento de mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres sobre Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis e Aids. Estudo transversal com 260 mulheres, sendo 81 mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres ou com mulheres e homens (MSM) e 179 mulheres que fazem sexo exclusivamente com homens (MSH). Dados obtidos entre 2019 e 2020, por meio de aplicação de formulário e de instrumentos validados. Para estudar a associação entre parceria sexual e nível de conhecimento sobre Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis e Aids foram ajustados modelos de regressão múltipla de Cox, sendo significativas as associações com p<0,05. A mediana do percentual de acerto das questões foi inferior entre às MSM quando comparadas às das MSH [68% (18-96) vs 75% (14-96); p=0,023]. Fazer sexo com mulher [RP=2,36 (1,07-5,21); p=0,033] e escolaridade menor que 11 anos de estudo [RP=2,64 (1,12-6,21); p=0,026] associaram-se independentemente ao baixo conhecimento. As MSM apresentaram menor nível de conhecimento sobre Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis e Aids do que as MSH, assim como a menor escolaridade associou-se independentemente a esse desfecho.

Conhecimento de mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres sobre Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis e Aids / Knowledge of women who have sex with women about Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é estudar o conhecimento de mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres sobre Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis e Aids. Estudo transversal com 260 mulheres, sendo 81 mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres ou com mulheres e homens (MSM) e 179 mulheres que fazem sexo exclusivamente com homens (MSH). Dados obtidos entre 2019 e 2020, por meio de aplicação de formulário e de instrumentos validados. Para estudar a associação entre parceria sexual e nível de conhecimento sobre Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis e Aids foram ajustados modelos de regressão múltipla de Cox, sendo significativas as associações com p<0,05. A mediana do percentual de acerto das questões foi inferior entre às MSM quando comparadas às das MSH [68% (18-96) vs 75% (14-96); p=0,023]. Fazer sexo com mulher [RP=2,36 (1,07-5,21); p=0,033] e escolaridade menor que 11 anos de estudo [RP=2,64 (1,12-6,21); p=0,026] associaram-se independentemente ao baixo conhecimento. As MSM apresentaram menor nível de conhecimento sobre Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis e Aids do que as MSH, assim como a menor escolaridade associou-se independentemente a esse desfecho.

Abstract This article aims to study the knowledge of women who have sex with women about Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS. Cross-sectional study of 260 women, 81 women who either have sex with women or with men and women (WSW) and 179 women who have sex exclusively with men (WSM). Data were collected in 2019/2020 by means of a form and validated instruments. To study the association between sexual partnership and level of knowledge about Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS, multiple Cox regression models were adjusted, producing significant associations of p<0,05. The median percentage of correct answers was lower among WSW when compared to WSM [68% (18-96) vs 75% (14-96); p=0.023]. Having sex with woman [PR=2.36 (1.07-5.21); p=0.033] and less than 11 years of schooling [PR=2.64 (1.12-6.21); p=0.026] were independently associated with low knowledge. WSW had a lower level of knowledge about Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS than WSM, and lower education was independently associated with this finding.

Factors associated with the evolution of COVID-19 in pregnant women: a Brazilian population-based study / Factores asociados a la evolución de la COVID-19 en mujeres embarazadas: un estudio poblacional brasileño / Fatores associados à evolução da COVID-19 em gestantes: estudobrasileiro de base populacional

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the evolution of COVID-19 among Brazilian pregnant women, identifying sociodemographic and clinical predictors related to admission to ICU - Intensive Care Unit and death. Method: Cross-sectional, population-based study, carried out with a secondary database, based on data from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System. Descriptive analysis was performed, followed by multiple linear regression with Poisson response, adopting critical p < 0.05. Results: Intensive care admission rates of 28.2% and death rates of 9.5% were identified. Region of residence, gestational trimester, number of comorbidities and respiratory signs and symptoms were associated with the risk of admission to intensive care. Age over 34 years, comorbidities, oxygen saturation equal to or less than 95%, admission to intensive care and ventilatory support, invasive or not, increased the risk of death. Conclusion: Sociodemographic and clinical predictors showed an association with hospitalization in intensive care and death of pregnant women with COVID-19.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la evolución de la COVID-19 entre gestantes brasileñas, identificando predictores sociodemográficos y clínicos relacionados con el ingreso en unidad de cuidados intensivos y la muerte. Método: Estudio transversal, de base poblacional, realizado con una base de datos secundaria, a partir de datos del Sistema de Información de Vigilancia Epidemiológica de Influenza. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo, seguido de regresión lineal múltiple con respuesta de Poisson, adoptando una p crítica <0,05. Resultados: Se identificaron tasas de ingreso a cuidados intensivos del 28,2% y tasas de mortalidad del 9,5%. La región de residencia, el trimestre gestacional, el número de comorbilidades y los signos y síntomas respiratorios se asociaron con el riesgo de ingreso a cuidados intensivos. La edad mayor de 34 años, las comorbilidades, la saturación de oxígeno igual o inferior al 95%, el ingreso a cuidados intensivos y el soporte ventilatorio, sea invasivo o no, aumentaron el riesgo de muerte. Conclusión: Los predictores sociodemográficos y clínicos mostraron asociación con la hospitalización en cuidados intensivos y la muerte en gestantes con COVID-19.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a evolução da COVID-19 entre gestantes brasileiras, identificando-se os preditores sociodemográficos e clínicos relacionados à internação em unidade de terapia intensiva e ao óbito. Método: Estudo transversal e de base populacional, realizado com banco de dados secundários, a partir de dados do Sistema de Informação da Vigilância Epidemiológica da Gripe. Realizou-se análise descritiva, seguida de regressão linear múltipla com resposta Poisson, adotando-se p crítico <0,05. Resultados: Identificaram-se taxas de internação em terapia intensiva de 28,2% e de óbito de 9,5%. Região de residência, trimestre gestacional, número de comorbidades e sinais e sintomas respiratórios associaram-se ao risco de internação em terapia intensiva. Idade superior a 34 anos, comorbidades, saturação de oxigênio igual ou inferior a 95%, internação em terapia intensiva e suporte ventilatório, invasivo ou não, aumentaram o risco de óbito. Conclusão: Preditores sociodemográficos e clínicos mostraram associação com a hospitalização em terapia intensiva e com o óbito de gestantes com COVID-19.

Advanced Practice Nursing: "Training" Pillar in Supporting the Proposal in Brazil / Enfermería de Práctica Avanzada: Pilar "Formación" en Apoyo a la Propuesta en Brasil / Enfermagem de Prática Avançada: Pilar "Formação" na Sustentação da Proposta no Brasil

ABSTRACT Objectives: to present the pillars that support what has been called Advanced Practice Nursing and discuss the necessary training for its implementation. Methods: elements contained in assessment documents for graduate programs proposals, reports of presentations by international professors in countries and selected scientific publications were gathered to compose the argument. Results: practice/competency (adds broad and in-depth knowledge about health processes and scientific evidence, clinical reasoning and clinical skills for therapeutic indications); 3) professional regulation (corresponding legislation and monitoring); and 4) funding (broad training and professional practice policy). Final Considerations: the agenda for implementing Advanced Practice Nursing in Brazil involves joining efforts to identify stakeholders for a work to legitimize their importance in the country's health and education overview.

RESUMEN Objetivos: presentar los pilares que sustentan lo que se ha denominado Enfermería de Práctica Avanzada y discutir la formación necesaria para su implementación. Métodos: se reunieron elementos contenidos en documentos de evaluación de propuestas de programas de posgrado, informes de presentaciones de profesores internacionales en países y publicaciones científicas seleccionadas para componer el argumento. Resultados: práctica/competencia (agrega conocimiento amplio y profundo sobre procesos de salud y evidencia científica, razonamiento clínico y habilidades clínicas para indicaciones terapéuticas); 3) regulación profesional (legislación correspondiente y seguimiento); y 4) financiación (política amplia de formación y ejercicio profesional). Consideraciones Finales: la agenda para la implementación de la Enfermería de Práctica Avanzada en Brasil implica aunar esfuerzos para identificar actores para un trabajo de legitimación de su importancia en el panorama de la salud y la educación del país.

RESUMO Objetivos: apresentar os pilares que sustentam o que vem sendo nominado como Enfermagem de Prática Avançada e problematizar sobre a formação necessária para sua implementação. Métodos: reuniram-se elementos constantes em documentos de avaliação de propostas dos programas de pós-graduação, relatórios de apresentações de docentes internacionais em países e publicações científicas selecionadas para compor a argumentação. Resultados: prática/competência (agrega conhecimento amplo e aprofundado sobre os processos de saúde e evidências científicas, raciocínio clínico e capacidades clínicas para indicações terapêuticas); 3) regulação profissional (legislação correspondente e acompanhamento); e 4) financiamento (política ampla de formação e de prática profissional). Considerações Finais: a agenda para a implementação da Enfermagem de Prática Avançada no Brasil passa por conjugar esforços na identificação de stakeholders para um trabalho de legitimação sobre sua importância no panorama da saúde e educação do país.

Mobile applications as a strategy to support parents in the care of newborns: a scoping review / Aplicaciones móviles como estrategia de apoyo a los padres en el cuidado del recién nacido: revisión de alcance* / Aplicativos móveis como estratégia de apoio a pais no cuidado ao recém-nascido: revisão de escopo

ABSTRACT Objective: To map and describe studies available in the literature about mobile applications to support parents in newborn care and data from applications accessible in online stores. Method: This is a scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The searches were carried out in theses and dissertations databases and portals, in September 2021, and articles, theses, and dissertations were included. An independent search was performed in online stores of applications for operating systems Android and iOS, in October and December 2021, and applications with content to support parents of newborns were selected. Results: A total of 5,238 studies and 757 applications were found, and of these, 16 and 150, respectively, composed the sample. The topics discussed in the studies were: care, breastfeeding, fever, identification of neonatal diseases, child growth and development. In the applications, the themes found were care, breastfeeding, growth, immunization, development, sleep, tips, and guidelines. Conclusion: Applications are important support tools for parents, as they are an innovative means and accessible to a large part of the population.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Mapear y describir estudios disponibles en la literatura sobre aplicaciones móviles para apoyar a los padres en el cuidado del recién nacido y datos de aplicaciones accesibles en tiendas online. Método: es un revisión de alcance siguiendo las pautas de Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviewse. Las búsquedas se realizaron en bases de datos y portales de tesis y disertaciones, en septiembre de 2021, y se incluyeron artículos, tesis y disertaciones. Se realizó una búsqueda independiente en las tiendas online de aplicaciones en sistemas operativos Androide e iOS, en octubre y diciembre de 2021, y aplicaciones seleccionadas con contenido para apoyar a los padres de los recién nacidos. Resultados: Se identificaron 5238 estudios y 757 aplicaciones, y de estos, 16 y 150 conformaron la muestra, respectivamente. Los temas discutidos en los estudios fueron: cuidados, lactancia materna, fiebre, identificación de enfermedades neonatales, crecimiento y desarrollo infantil. En las aplicaciones, los temas encontrados fueron: cuidado, lactancia, crecimiento, inmunización, desarrollo, sueño, consejos y orientaciones. Conclusión: Las aplicaciones son herramientas de apoyo importantes para los padres, ya que son un medio innovador, además de ser accesibles para una gran parte de la población.

RESUMO Objetivo: Mapear e descrever estudos disponíveis na literatura acerca dos aplicativos móveis para apoio aos pais no cuidado ao recém-nascido e dados de aplicativos acessíveis em lojas online. Método: trata-se de uma scoping review seguindo as orientações do Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. As buscas foram realizadas em bases de dados e portais de teses e dissertações, em setembro de 2021, e foram incluídos artigos, teses e dissertações. Realizou-se uma busca independente, nas lojas online de aplicativos nos sistemas operacionais Android e iOS, em outubro e dezembro de 2021, e selecionados aplicativos com conteúdo de apoio aos pais de recém-nascidos. Resultados: Foram identificados 5238 estudos e 757 aplicativos, e desses, compuseram a amostra 16 e 150, respectivamente. Os temas discutidos nos estudos foram: cuidados, amamentação, febre, identificação de doenças neonatais, crescimento e desenvolvimento infantil. Nos aplicativos, os temas encontrados foram: cuidados, amamentação, crescimento, imunização, desenvolvimento, sono, dicas e orientações. Conclusão: Os aplicativos são importantes ferramentas de apoio aos pais, pois são um meio inovador, além de estarem acessíveis a grande parte da população.

Digital platform for management of special immunobiologicals in primary health care / Plataforma digital para la gestión de inmunobiológicos especiales en atención primaria de salud / Plataforma digital para gerenciamento de imunobiológicos especiais na atenção primária à saúde

ABSTRACT Objective: to develop and validate a digital platform for managing special immunobiologicals in Primary Health Care. Method: this is a methodological study, carried out in Campinas/SP, Brazil. The platform development took place between July and December 2021. Between April and October 2022, simulation and validity were carried out by professionals, applying an instrument containing statements referring to the ISO/IEC 25010 standard characteristics and sub-characteristics, judged as in agreement, disagreement or does not apply. Values of characteristics and subcharacteristics were estimated, considering the minimum value of 70% of positive answers to be adequate. Characteristics and subcharacteristics that did not reach the minimum value had their justifications categorized according to changes made. Results: the platform was called ConectAPS-CRIE. Login, Home Dashboard, Users, Units, Immunobiological, Patients, Requests, Reports and Help areas were developed. When validated by nurses, the Accessibility (66.7%) and Protection Against Error (66.7%) subcharacteristics were considered inadequate. Information technology professionals considered the Reliability characteristic (52.8%) and the Functional correctness (69.2%), Accessibility (37.5%), Error protection (40%), Integrity (59.1%) and Non-repudiation (66.7%) sub-characteristics to be inadequate. The categories of justifications reported and changed were: disappearance of patients' record when changing it; access to the system using only a password; lack of accessibility characteristics; lack of validity of personal data; exclusion of patients with a registered request; inclusion of a request without patient registration; layout and text message adjustment in the Attach File function; request disconnected from the requesting user's unit. Conclusion: the platform can facilitate the management of requests for special immunobiologicals in Primary Care and its validity has allowed it to be improved.

RESUMEN Objetivo: desarrollar y validar una plataforma digital para la gestión de inmunobiológicos especiales en Atención Primaria de Salud. Métodos: estudio metodológico, realizado en Campinas/SP, Brasil. El desarrollo de la plataforma se llevó a cabo entre julio y diciembre de 2021. Entre abril y octubre de 2022, la simulación y validación fueron realizadas por profesionales, aplicando un instrumento que contiene declaraciones referentes a las características y subcaracterísticas de la norma ISO/IEC 25010, juzgada como de acuerdo, desacuerdo o no aplicable. Se estimaron valores de características y subcaracterísticas, considerando adecuado el valor mínimo de 70% de respuestas positivas. Las características y subcaracterísticas que no alcanzaron el valor mínimo tuvieron sus justificaciones categorizadas de acuerdo con los cambios realizados. Resultados: la plataforma se denominó ConectAPS-CRIE. Se desarrollaron las áreas de Login, Panel de Inicio, Usuarios, Unidades, Inmunobiológicos, Pacientes, Solicitudes, Informes y Ayuda. Al ser validadas por enfermeros, las subcaracterísticas Accesibilidad (66,7%) y Protección contra errores (66,7%) fueron consideradas inadecuadas. Los profesionales de TI consideraron inadecuadas la característica Fiabilidad (52,8%) y las subcaracterísticas Corrección funcional (69,2%), Accesibilidad (37,5%), Protección contra errores (40%), Integridad (59,1%) y No repudio (66,7%). Las categorías de justificaciones reportadas y modificadas fueron: desaparición del expediente del paciente al cambiarlo; acceso al sistema utilizando únicamente una contraseña; falta de funciones de accesibilidad; falta de validación de datos personales; exclusión de pacientes con solicitud registrada; inclusión de una solicitud sin registro de paciente; ajuste de diseño y mensajes de texto en la función Adjuntar archivo; solicitud desconectada de la unidad del usuario solicitante. Conclusión: la plataforma puede facilitar la gestión de solicitudes de inmunobiológicos especiales en Atención Primaria y su validación ha permitido mejorarla.

RESUMO Objetivo: desenvolver e validar uma plataforma digital para gerenciamento de imunobiológicos especiais na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: estudo metodológico, realizado em Campinas/SP, Brasil. O desenvolvimento da plataforma ocorreu entre julho e dezembro de 2021. Entre abril e outubro de 2022 realizou-se simulação e validação pelos profissionais, aplicando-se instrumento contendo afirmativas referentes às características e subcaracterísticas da norma ISO/IEC 25010, julgadas como de acordo, desacordo ou não se aplica. Foram estimados valores das características e subcaracterísticas, considerando-se adequado o valor mínimo de 70% de respostas positivas. Características e subcaracterísticas que não alcançaram o valor mínimo tiveram suas justificativas categorizadas conforme alterações realizadas. Resultados: a plataforma foi denominada ConectAPS-CRIE. Foram desenvolvidas áreas de Login, Painel Inicial, Usuários, Unidades, Imunobiológicos, Pacientes, Solicitações, Relatórios e Ajuda. Na validação por enfermeiros, consideraram-se inadequadas as subcaracterísticas Acessibilidade (66,7%) e Proteção contra erro (66,7%). Profissionais da área de informática consideraram inadequada a característica Confiabilidade (52,8%) e as subcaracterísticas Correção funcional (69,2%), Acessibilidade (37,5%), Proteção contra erro (40%), Integridade (59,1%) e Não repúdio (66,7%). As categorias das justificativas relatadas e alteradas foram: desaparecimento do cadastro do paciente ao alterá-lo; acesso ao sistema utilizando somente senha; ausência de recursos de acessibilidade; ausência de validação de dados pessoais; exclusão de paciente com solicitação cadastrada; inclusão de solicitação sem cadastro de paciente; ajuste de layout e mensagem de texto na função Anexar Arquivo; solicitação desvinculada da unidade do usuário solicitante. Conclusão: a plataforma poderá facilitar o gerenciamento de solicitações de imunobiológicos especiais na Atenção Primária e sua validação permitiu aprimorá-la.

Factors associated with COVID-19 severity among Brazilian pregnant adolescents: a population-based study. / Fatores associados à gravidade da COVID-19 em gestantes adolescentes brasileiras: estudo de base populacional.

OBJECTIVE: to identify the factors associated with need for intensive care unit admission of Brazilian pregnant adolescents with COVID-19. METHOD: population-based non-concurrent cohort study using secondary databases. Brazilian pregnant adolescents who had laboratory confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR, between March 14, 2020 and April 11, 2021 were included in the study. Statistical analysis using the Poisson multiple regression model, estimating the relative risk and respective 95% confidence intervals, with values of p <0.05 considered significant. RESULTS: in total, 282 pregnant women were included in the study, with median age of 17 years, most with brown skin, in the third trimester of pregnancy, and living in urban or peri-urban areas. The intensive care unit admission rate was 14.5%, associated with living in the Southeast region of Brazil (RR=5.03, 95%CI=1.78-14.24, p=0.002), oxygen saturation below 95% (RR=2.62, 95%CI=1.17-5.87, p=0.019), and having some comorbidity (RR=2.05, 95%CI=1.01-4.16, p=0.047). CONCLUSION: the intensive care unit admission rate was high among Brazilian pregnant adolescents and was associated with living in the Southeast region of Brazil, having some comorbidity and/or presenting low oxygen saturation.(1) The ICU admission rate of pregnant adolescents was high: 14.5%. (2) Low oxygen saturation was a predictor of COVID-19 severity. (3) Living in the Southeast region in Brazil increased the risk of ICU admission by five times. (4) Having some comorbidity increased the risk of ICU admission by two times.

Child health promotion from the perspective of family health strategy nurses.

OBJECTIVE: To apprehend nurses' conceptions and experiences about actions of child health promotion in family health units. METHODS: Exploratory study, with thematic content analysis of statements, obtained through semi-structured interviews with 11 nurses from a municipality in São Paulo. RESULTS: Three thematic categories emerged on child health promotion actions: they must be contextualized, provide for comprehensive care, and aim at self-care; they are carried out through health guidelines shared by professionals with children and their families, inside and outside the health units; present challenges to be overcome by health services, such as lack of involvement and appreciation of the family regarding child follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The concepts apprehended approached the premises of official documents on health promotion; however, practical experiences included difficulties related to the life contexts of children, their families and health services, compromising the achievement of comprehensive care.

PET-CT en el carcinoma anaplásico de tiroides y otros subtipos histológicos agresivos / PET-CT in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and other aggressive histological subtypes

Introducción y objetivo:Los subtipos histológicos agresivos de cáncer de tiroides son menos frecuentes y tienen peor pronóstico que los bien diferenciados (CDT). Los subtipos agresivos más importantes son el carcinoma de células de Hürthle (CCH), el carcinoma anaplásico y el pobremente diferenciadoEn esta revisión vamos a hablar del papel del PET-CT, especialmente con 18F-FDG, en estas estirpes histológicas agresivas, así como en subtipos agresivos de CDT (células altas, esclerosante difuso…) y en el carcinoma de tiroides refractario al radioyodo.Síntesis:Aunque la principal indicación del PET con 18F-FDG en el cáncer de tiroides es la sospecha de recidiva, en pacientes con CDT con tiroglobulina sérica elevada y rastreo corporal total (RCT) con radioyodo negativo, esta técnica tiene crecientes aplicaciones en el CDT.Así mismo, el PET con 18F-FDG también es una herramienta diagnóstica eficiente en el estudio del carcinoma anaplásico, el pobremente diferenciado y otras estirpes histológicas agresivas.Es recomendado en las guías clínicas actuales como parte de la estadificación inicial en cánceres de tiroides anaplásico, pobremente diferenciados y CCH invasivo. Y cada vez se emplea más en otras indicaciones como valoración pronóstica, de la respuesta al tratamiento, e incluso durante el seguimiento de pacientes de alto riesgo.El empleo de otros trazadores para PET como el 68Ga-PSMA y el 68Ga-DOTATATE no han demostrado claramente su beneficio clínico frente a la 18F-FDG. Suelen limitarse a casos en los que sea necesaria la valoración de la densidad de receptores de análogos de somatostatina y PSMA previa a terapia metabólica. (AU)

Introduction and objective: The aggressive histological subtypes of thyroid cancer are less common and have a worse prognosis than well –differentiated ones (DTC). The most important aggressive subtypes are Hürtle cell carcinoma (CHH), anaplasic and poorly differentiated carcinoma. In this review, we are going to evaluate the role of PET-CT, especially with 18F-FDG, in these aggressive histological lines, as well as in aggressive subtypes of DTC (tall cells, diffuse sclerosing...) and in radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Synthesis: Although the main indication for 18F-FDG PET in thyroid cancer is suspected recurrence, in patients with DTC with elevated serum thyroglobulin and radioiodine-negative whole-body scan (WBS), this technique has increasing applications in DTC. Likewise, 18F-FDG PET is also an efficient diagnostic tool in the study of anaplastic carcinoma, poorly differentiated and other aggressive lines. It is recommended, in current clinical guidelines, as part of the initial staging in anaplastic, poorly differentiated, and invasive HCC. And it is increasingly used in other indications such as prognostic assessment, evaluation of treatment response, and even during the follow-up of high-risk patients. The use of other PET tracers, such as 68Ga-PSMA and 68Ga-DOTATATE have not clearly demonstrated their clini-cal benefit over 18F-FDG. They are usually limited to cases in which it is necessary to assess the density of somatostatin analogs and PSMA receptors prior to metabolic therapy. Conclusions: 18F-FDG PET-CT is the most effective functional diagnostic technique in the study of poorly differentiated and aggressive thyroid neoplasms, since they show little or no avidity for radioiodine and however high affinity for 18F-FDG. The role of other PET tracers for the evaluation of these tumors is promising, although it still needs studies with a larger number of patients. (AU)

Progression of COVID-19 Among Black Pregnant Women: Population-Based Study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the evolution of COVID-19 related to race/skin color among Brazilian pregnant women registered on the Sistema de Informação de Vigilância da Gripe (SIVEP Gripe). This is a population-based study, based on the data from SIVEP Gripe, with data collected at two time points, August 2020 and February 2021. From the complete database (575,935 cases on August 8, 2020 and 1,048,576 cases on January 2, 2021), the weeks 13 to 32 (563,851 cases) and 33 to 53 (469,241 cases) were selected. We selected cases of pregnant women with white, brown and black skin color and final evolution (1,884 and 1,286 cases). The final sample (939 and 858 cases) was defined by including participants who had all the targeted information recorded. The outcome variables were hospitalization, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission and COVID-19 deaths. The present study identified that there was a drop of approximately two-thirds in the proportion of pregnant women who required ICU care or died, when comparing the first and second periods. In the second period, black pregnant women had approximately five times higher risk of death compared to white and brown women.

The Determinants of Complementary Feeding Introduction Vary According to the Type of Food and Infants' Ages: A Cohort Study-ClaB, Brazil.

INTRODUCTION: Food inadequacies in the first 6 months of life are considered a global problem, with an emphasis on early complementary feeding introduction (CFI). This study aimed to identify the determinants of CFI. METHODS: A birth cohort study (N = 641). Data on infant feeding was collected before 30 days, and at 2, 4, and 6 months of age and, at baseline, data regarding socioeconomic status, demographics, maternal and infant health, obstetric history, and infant care. The hypothesis was that the risk determinants for early CFI vary according to the type of food and the age range of this introduction. Twelve Cox regression models were fit with four outcomes (formula; other types of milk; other beverages; and solid/semi-solid foods) considering three different age ranges of the infant at their introduction (< 2 months, 2-4 months, and 4-6 months). RESULTS: The introduction of the four food groups analyzed was early (median ages of introduction: formulas = 45 days; other milks = 135 days; other beverages = 120 days; solids and semi-solids = 135 days). The determinants that increased the risk of introducing formulas before 2 months were: primiparity, employed without maternity leave, mothers with unsatisfactory prenatal counseling and those who had cesarean sections. Not living with a partner, infant pacifier use at 2 months of age had a higher risk of introducing formula between 2 and 4 months of age. Non-white skin color, more than 35 years old, low maternal education, and lower family income increased the risk of introducing other types of milk between 2 and 4 months of age. Between 4 and 6 months of age, adolescent and low education level mothers had a higher risk of introducing other types of milk, unemployed was a protective factor against the introduction of other foods and beverages in this age group. CONCLUSIONS: The determinants of early CFI varied according to the type of food and the age of introduction.

Vaginal Microbiome Components as Correlates of Cervical Human Papillomavirus Infection.

BACKGROUND: Interplay between vaginal microbiome and human papillomavirus (HPV) remains unclear, partly due to heterogeneity of microbiota. METHODS: We used data from 546 women enrolled in a cross-sectional study in 5 Brazil. We genotyped vaginal samples for HPV and sequenced V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene for vaginal microbiome analysis. We used stepwise logistic regression to construct 2 linear scores to predict high-risk HPV (hrHPV) positivity: one based exclusively on presence of individual bacterial taxa (microbiome-based [MB] score) and the other exclusively on participants' sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical (SBC) characteristics. MB score combined coefficients of 30 (of 116) species. SBC score retained 6 of 25 candidate variables. We constructed receiver operating characteristic curves for scores as hrHPV correlates and compared areas under the curve (AUC) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Overall, prevalence of hrHPV was 15.8%, and 26.2% had a Lactobacillus-depleted microbiome. AUCs were 0.8022 (95% CI, .7517-.8527) for MB score and 0.7027 (95% CI, .6419-.7636) for SBC score (P = .0163). CONCLUSIONS: The proposed MB score is strongly correlated with hrHPV positivity-exceeding the predictive value of behavioral variables-suggesting its potential as an indicator of infection and possible value for clinical risk stratification.

Child health promotion from the perspective of family health strategy nurses / Promoción de la salud infantil en la perspectiva de enfermeros de la estrategia de salud familiar / Promoção da saúde infantil na perspectiva de enfermeiros da estratégia saúde da família

ABSTRACT Objective To apprehend nurses' conceptions and experiences about actions of child health promotion in family health units. Methods Exploratory study, with thematic content analysis of statements, obtained through semi-structured interviews with 11 nurses from a municipality in São Paulo. Results Three thematic categories emerged on child health promotion actions: they must be contextualized, provide for comprehensive care, and aim at self-care; they are carried out through health guidelines shared by professionals with children and their families, inside and outside the health units; present challenges to be overcome by health services, such as lack of involvement and appreciation of the family regarding child follow-up. Conclusions The concepts apprehended approached the premises of official documents on health promotion; however, practical experiences included difficulties related to the life contexts of children, their families and health services, compromising the achievement of comprehensive care.

RESUMEN Objetivo Aprehender las concepciones y experiencias de enfermeros sobre las acciones de promoción de la salud del niño en las unidades de salud de la familia. Métodos Estudio exploratorio, con análisis de contenido temático de testimonios, obtenidos a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas con 11 enfermeros de un municipio de São Paulo. Resultados Emergieron tres categorías temáticas sobre las acciones de promoción de la salud del niño: deben ser contextualizadas, brindar atención integral y apuntar al autocuidado; se realizan a través de pautas de salud compartidas por los profesionales con los niños y sus familias, dentro y fuera de las unidades de salud; presentan desafíos a ser superados por los servicios de salud, como la falta de involucramiento y valorización de la familia en el cuidado del niño. Conclusiones Los conceptos aprehendidos se acercaron a las premisas de los documentos oficiales sobre promoción de la salud, sin embargo, las experiencias prácticas incluyeron dificultades relacionadas con los contextos de vida de los niños, sus familias y los servicios de salud, comprometiendo la consecución de una atención integral.

RESUMO Objetivo Apreender concepções e experiências de enfermeiros sobre ações de promoção da saúde infantil em unidades de saúde da família. Métodos Estudo exploratório, com análise de conteúdo temática de depoimentos, obtidos por entrevistas semiestruturadas com 11 enfermeiros de município paulista. Resultados Emergiram três categorias temáticas sobre ações de promoção da saúde infantil: devem ser contextualizadas, prever a integralidade do cuidado e visar o autocuidado; realizam-se por meio de orientações sobre saúde compartilhadas pelos profissionais com crianças e suas famílias, dentro e fora das unidades de saúde; apresentam desafios a serem superados pelos serviços da saúde, como falta de envolvimento e valorização da família quanto ao acompanhamento infantil. Conclusões As concepções apreendidas se aproximaram das premissas dos documentos oficiais sobre promoção da saúde, contudo, as experiências práticas incluíram dificuldades relativas aos contextos de vida das crianças, suas famílias e serviços de saúde, comprometendo a consecução da integralidade do cuidado.