ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Due to the increased prevalence of obesity in the world, bariatric surgeries are on the rise and necessitate life-long surveillance for deficiencies; hence the recommended vitamin supplementation in these patients. However, inadequate multivitamin supplementation may induce vitamin B6 overload. METHODS: We reviewed all vitamin B6 dosages at the university hospitals of Poitiers, Tours, Bordeaux, and Limoges for the past 5 to 8 years. Analyses were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography, coupled with a fluorescence detector on whole blood samples. RESULTS: During the study period, there was an increase in the number of vitamin B6 dosages. Deficiencies were detected early in Poitiers and Limoges, but were negligible by 2020. However, during the same time period, the number of overdoses increased, reaching close to 40% of dosages at all centers. CONCLUSIONS: Pyridoxin overload is not possible through food-derived pyridoxin; hence, combined with the fact that most vitamin supplements contain vitamin B6, inadequate vitamin supplementation is likely the cause of the observed increase in overdoses. High doses of vitamin B6 can induce polyneuropathy, particularly targeting motor neurons; thus, the increase of overdoses is worrying. In light of the possible risks and the ease with which these could be averted (better formulation of supplements), the precaution principle requires a definition of clear guidelines for vitamin supplementation, especially in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
Subject(s)
Bariatric Surgery , Vitamin B 6 , Bariatric Surgery/adverse effects , Dietary Supplements , Humans , Pyridoxine , Vitamin B 12 , VitaminsABSTRACT
The discovery of a monocytosis is a frequent phenomenon, requiring confirmation by reading under a microscope by an experimented biologist, to overcome usual cytological traps such as the presence of hairy cells, promonocytes or monoblasts. In the vast majority of cases the secondary origin is very easily found by the context and/or the presence of a biological inflammatory syndrome. More rarely the diagnosis is directed towards an eosinophilic pathology or an acute leukemia. In other cases, CMML, MPN or MDS with monocytosis may be highlighted. In the absence of any pathognomonic element and the presence of "borderline" forms the differential diagnosis between these 3 entities is not always straightforward, requiring, according to WHO, molecular investigations and elimination of any reactive cause of monocytosis. Although histological, immunohistochemical and phenotypic flow cytometric studies are not currently recommended by WHO, these investigations could be of interest in the evaluation of difficult cases.
Subject(s)
Clinical Laboratory Techniques/methods , Monocytes/pathology , Myelodysplastic Syndromes/diagnosis , Adult , Age of Onset , Algorithms , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Leukocyte Count , Myelodysplastic Syndromes/epidemiology , Myelodysplastic Syndromes/pathologyABSTRACT
The etiological assessment of a monoclonal gammopathy is currently standardized, the decisional algorithms allowing a sufficiently precise classification to consider the care, wait or therapeutic. The purpose of this review is to recall the difficulties concerning the interpretation of certain biological investigations and to point out the potential complications of monoclonal gammopathies labeled as "benign". The cooperation between clinicians and biologists is in all cases essential, allowing to propose on a case-by-case basis the best adapted explorations.