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2.
J Surg Case Rep ; 2021(5): rjab163, 2021 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34025969

ABSTRACT

The annual incidence of traumatic spinal cord injury worldwide is 35 patients per million; this incidence is likely to be much higher in Latin America, where stab injuries are a common incidence. Stab injuries to the spine represent a small percentage of these cases; these are rare injuries; its management may differ compared with other penetrating injuries; these injuries are frequently complicated with neurological damage; the most common clinical manifestation is Brown-Sequard syndrome, and the most common segment involved is the thoracic region; stab injuries to the lumbar spine are rarely found in the literature. The management of patients without neurological involvement is controversial due to the risk of neurologic deterioration intraoperatively. However, failure to adequately intervene increases the risk of permanent neurological deficit, worsening functional outcomes, cerebral fluid leakage and infections. A short review of the literature and a case report are presented.

3.
J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) ; 27(3): 2309499019874506, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31554467

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To present transversal data (demographic and clinical) on isolated humeral shaft fractures (HSFs) in Latin American countries. METHODS: Patients were enrolled between December 2015 and April 2017 at 11 medical institutions from six Latin America countries. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Age ≥18 years and a closed, isolated 12A, 12B, or 12C fracture (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) classification). The patients' demographic, comorbidity, and other baseline data were recorded. The outcome measures included the basal results of the research and the associations among the demographic factors, fracture features, and type of treatment applied. RESULTS: A total of 123 patients were included. There was a preponderance of men (61.8%), whose mean age was significantly lower than that of the women (31.48 vs. 60.55). Overweight or obesity was present in 61.0% of women; 56.1% of patients were sedentary, 75.6% were nonsmokers, and 74.0% had no chronic disease. The type or treatment (operative/nonoperative) was not significantly associated with the patient's or fracture's characteristics. Falls and traffic accidents were the main causes of HSFs. Intramedullary nailing treatment was performed significantly more often in women, elderly patients, patients who did not participate in sports, and patients participating in only home activities. Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis was performed significantly more frequently in men and in those who were self-employed. Open reduction internal fixation was performed significantly more often when the cause of the fracture was a traffic accident and when radial nerve palsy was present. CONCLUSION: The demographics and etiological differences observed in comparison to the current literature show the importance of regional studies for both preventive measures and educational guidance.


Subject(s)
Bone Plates , Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods , Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/methods , Humeral Fractures/epidemiology , Open Fracture Reduction/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Humeral Fractures/surgery , Incidence , Latin America/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Young Adult
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