Avaliação da interferência de diferentes métodos de colheita de sangue venoso nas análises laboratoriais de equinos / Interference of different venous blood drawing methods in equine laboratory analysis

Diversos fatores podem alterar uma amostra de sangue, sejam estes relacionados a técnica de obtenção, manuseio e acondicionamento ou a afecções que acometem o paciente. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a interferência de diferentes métodos de colheita de sangue venoso nos resultados de exames bioquímicos comumente solicitados na prática clínica de equinos. A metodologia aplicada envolveu a avaliação de amostras obtidas de 14 equinos machos clinicamente saudáveis, sem distinção entre raça e idade. Cada animal foi submetido a punção nas veias jugulares direita e esquerda com o uso de agulha e seringa e pelo sistema de tubo à vácuo. As amostras foram submetidas a dosagens de hemoglobina livre, aspartato aminotransferase, lactato desidrogenase, potássio, glicose, hematócrito, proteína plasmática total, proteína total sérica e fibrinogênio. Os resultados demonstraram que, com exceção do fibrinogênio, não houve diferença entre os grupos. Conclui-se que, respeitando todos os princípios de uma colheita de sangue ideal, não há interferência do método de colheita nos resultados desses parâmetros bioquímicos.

Several factors can alter a blood sample, including the technique for obtaining, handling and conditioning orcircumstance that affect the patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interference of different venous blood collection methods on biochemical tests commonly requested in horse clinical practice. The applied methodology involved sample evaluation obtained from 14 clinically healthy male horses, without distinction between breed and age.Each animal was punctured in the right and left jugular veins using a needle and syringe and the vacuum tube system. The samples were submitted to free hemoglobin, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, potassium, glucose,hematocrit, total plasma protein, serum total protein and fibrinogen measurement. The results showed that, with the exception of fibrinogen, there was no difference between groups. It was possible to concluded that, respecting all the principles of an ideal blood collection, there is no method’s interference on this biochemical parameters.

AVALIAÇÃO DA INTERFERÊNCIA DE DIFERENTES MÉTODOS DE COLHEITA DE SANGUE VENOSO NAS ANÁLISES LABORATORIAIS DE EQUINOS

Diversos fatores podem alterar uma amostra de sangue, sejam estes relacionados a técnica de obtenção, manuseio e acondicionamento ou a afecções que acometem o paciente. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a interferência de diferentes métodos de colheita de sangue venoso nos resultados de exames bioquímicos comumente solicitados na prática clínica de equinos. A metodologia aplicada envolveu a avalição de amostras obtidas de 14 equinos machos clinicamente saudáveis, sem distinção entre raça e idade. Cada animal foi submetido a punção nas veias jugulares direita e esquerda com o uso de agulha e seringa e pelo sistema de tubo à vácuo. As amostras foram submetidas a dosagens de hemoglobina livre, aspartato aminotransferase, lactato desidrogenase, potássio, glicose, hematócrito, proteína plasmática total, proteína total sérica e fibrinogênio. Os resultados demonstraram que, com exceção do fibrinogênio, não houve diferença entre os grupos. Conclui-se que, respeitando todos os princípios de uma colheita de sangue ideal, não há interferência do método de colheita nos resultados desses parâmetros bioquímicos.

Avaliação da interferência de diferentes métodos de colheita de sangue venoso nas análises laboratoriais de equinos / Interference of different venous blood drawing methods in equine laboratory analysis

Diversos fatores podem alterar uma amostra de sangue, sejam estes relacionados a técnica de obtenção, manuseio e acondicionamento ou a afecções que acometem o paciente. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a interferência de diferentes métodos de colheita de sangue venoso nos resultados de exames bioquímicos comumente solicitados na prática clínica de equinos. A metodologia aplicada envolveu a avaliação de amostras obtidas de 14 equinos machos clinicamente saudáveis, sem distinção entre raça e idade. Cada animal foi submetido a punção nas veias jugulares direita e esquerda com o uso de agulha e seringa e pelo sistema de tubo à vácuo. As amostras foram submetidas a dosagens de hemoglobina livre, aspartato aminotransferase, lactato desidrogenase, potássio, glicose, hematócrito, proteína plasmática total, proteína total sérica e fibrinogênio. Os resultados demonstraram que, com exceção do fibrinogênio, não houve diferença entre os grupos. Conclui-se que, respeitando todos os princípios de uma colheita de sangue ideal, não há interferência do método de colheita nos resultados desses parâmetros bioquímicos.(AU)

Several factors can alter a blood sample, including the technique for obtaining, handling and conditioning orcircumstance that affect the patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interference of different venous blood collection methods on biochemical tests commonly requested in horse clinical practice. The applied methodology involved sample evaluation obtained from 14 clinically healthy male horses, without distinction between breed and age.Each animal was punctured in the right and left jugular veins using a needle and syringe and the vacuum tube system. The samples were submitted to free hemoglobin, aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, potassium, glucose,hematocrit, total plasma protein, serum total protein and fibrinogen measurement. The results showed that, with the exception of fibrinogen, there was no difference between groups. It was possible to concluded that, respecting all the principles of an ideal blood collection, there is no methods interference on this biochemical parameters.(AU)

Apnea after immunization of preterm infants.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of adverse reactions, particularly the occurrence of apnea, among preterm infants after immunization with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and whole cell pertussis vaccine adsorbed (DTP) and Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate (HibC) vaccine in the neonatal intensive care unit. STUDY DESIGN: After the occurrence of apnea in two preterm infants following immunization with DTP and HibC, a prospective surveillance of 97 preterm infants younger than 37 weeks of gestation who were immunized with DTP (94 also received HibC at the same time) in the neonatal intensive care unit was performed to assess the frequency of adverse reactions and in particular, the occurrence of apnea. For each infant, data were recorded for a 3-day period before and after receipt of the immunization. RESULTS: The majority of preterm infants tolerated immunizations with DTP and HibC without ill effects. However, 12 (12%) infants experienced a recurrence of apnea, and 11 (11%) had at least a 50% increase in the number of apneic and bradycardic episodes in the 72 hours after immunization. This occurred primarily among smaller preterm infants who were immunized at a lower weight (p = 0.01), had experienced more severe apnea of prematurity (p = 0.01), and had chronic lung disease (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: The temporal association observed between immunization of preterm infants and a transient increase or recurrence of apnea after vaccination merits further study. Cardiorespiratory monitoring of these infants after immunization may be advisable.

Significance of a positive urine group B streptococcal latex agglutination test in neonates.

We assessed the clinical significance of a reactive urine latex agglutination (LA) test in neonates without bacteriologically confirmed group B streptococcal (GBS) infection. In a retrospective review of a 3 1/2-month period, during which 367 urine specimens from newborn infants evaluated for suspected sepsis were tested by LA, 25 infants (6.9%) with sterile blood cultures but positive urine LA test results were compared with a control group of 112 infants with both blood cultures and urine LA test results negative for GBS. When the data were studied with stepwise discriminant analysis, the only variables significantly associated with a positive urine LA test result were immature to total neutrophil ratios greater than or equal to 0.16 at 0 and 12 hours. The influence of mucosal GBS colonization on urine LA test results was then investigated prospectively in 98 healthy infants (83 born to mothers colonized with GBS and 15 born to mothers with negative GBS cultures). Eight (8.2%) of the infants studied, or 8 of 52 (15.4%) infants colonized with GBS, had a positive urine LA test result. GBS was isolated from urine cultures of all infants with a positive urine LA test result. A positive urine LA test result was associated with positive GBS rectal and vaginal cultures and with increased density of colonization at those sites. We conclude that contamination of bag specimens of urine with GBS from perineal and rectal colonization may produce a positive urine LA test result in an infant with no systemic sign of infection.