ABSTRACT
Implementing a structured COVID-19 lung ultrasound system, using COVID-RADS standardization. This case series exams revealed correlations between ultrasonographic and tomographic findings. Ventilatory assessments showed that higher categories required second-line oxygen. This replicable tool will aid in screening and predicting disease severity beyond the pandemic. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to share our experience in implementing a structured system for COVID-19 lung findings, elucidating key aspects of the lung ultrasound score to facilitate its standardized clinical use beyond the pandemic scenario. METHODS: Using a scoring system to classify the extent of lung involvement, we retrospectively analyzed the ultrasound reports performed in our institution according to COVID-RADS standardization. RESULTS: The study included 69 thoracic ultrasound exams, with 27 following the protocol. The majority of patients were female (52%), with ages ranging from 1 to 96 years and an average of 56 years. Classification according to COVID-RADS was as follows: 11.1% in category 0, 37% in category 1, 44.4% in category 2, and 7.4% in category 3. Ground-glass opacities on tomography correlated with higher COVID-RADS scores (categories 2 and 3) in 82% of cases. Ventilatory assessment revealed that 50% of cases in higher COVID-RADS categories (2 and 3) required second-line oxygen supplementation, while none of the cases in lower categories (0 and 1) utilized this support. CONCLUSION: Lung ultrasound has been widely utilized as a diagnostic tool owing to its availability and simplicity of application. In the context of the pandemic emergency, a pressing need for a focused and easily applicable assessment arose. The structured reporting system, incorporating ultrasound findings for stratification, demonstrated ease of replicability. This system stands as a crucial tool for screening, predicting severity, and aiding in medical decisions, even in a non-pandemic context. Lung ultrasound enables precise diagnosis and ongoing monitoring of the disease. Ultrasound is an effective tool for assessing pulmonary findings in COVID-19. Structured reports enhance communication and are easily reproducible.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Lung , Ultrasonography , Humans , COVID-19/diagnostic imaging , Female , Ultrasonography/methods , Male , Retrospective Studies , Middle Aged , Aged , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Infant , Child, Preschool , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2 , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective We aimed to share our experience in implementing a structured system for COVID-19 lung findings, elucidating key aspects of the lung ultrasound score to facilitate its standardized clinical use beyond the pandemic scenario. Methods Using a scoring system to classify the extent of lung involvement, we retrospectively analyzed the ultrasound reports performed in our institution according to COVID-RADS standardization. Results The study included 69 thoracic ultrasound exams, with 27 following the protocol. The majority of patients were female (52%), with ages ranging from 1 to 96 years and an average of 56 years. Classification according to COVID-RADS was as follows: 11.1% in category 0, 37% in category 1, 44.4% in category 2, and 7.4% in category 3. Ground-glass opacities on tomography correlated with higher COVID-RADS scores (categories 2 and 3) in 82% of cases. Ventilatory assessment revealed that 50% of cases in higher COVID-RADS categories (2 and 3) required second-line oxygen supplementation, while none of the cases in lower categories (0 and 1) utilized this support. Conclusion Lung ultrasound has been widely utilized as a diagnostic tool owing to its availability and simplicity of application. In the context of the pandemic emergency, a pressing need for a focused and easily applicable assessment arose. The structured reporting system, incorporating ultrasound findings for stratification, demonstrated ease of replicability. This system stands as a crucial tool for screening, predicting severity, and aiding in medical decisions, even in a non-pandemic context.
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective To stratify ultrasound samples in a pediatric population undergoing evaluation for acute appendicitis to examine the variability in cecal appendix diameter, in different age groups, and to determine whether there is a prevalent value for each age group. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study with 196 children aged 0 to 15 years. Data were extracted from reports of ultrasound examinations carried out between 2008 and 2015. Children with sonographic diagnosis of appendicitis or other signs of periappendiceal inflammation were excluded. Results The evaluation of the anteroposterior measurement of the cecal appendix revealed a mean diameter of 4.14mm (standard deviation: 0.93mm; 95%CI: 3.86-4.14). Cecal appendix diameter did not differ significant between age groups. Conclusion Evaluation of the anteroposterior diameter of the cecal appendix in centimeters in a sample of 196 children aged 0 to15 years revealed a mean diameter of 4.14mm (standard deviation, 0.93mm. There were no significant differences in cecal appendix diameter following stratification by age. Results indicate a single value can be adopted for mean cecal appendix diameter in pediatric populations.
ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Apresentar os resultados do estudo ultrassonográfico de diferentes lesões do couro cabeludo em crianças de diversas faixas etárias, seguidos de breve discussão acerca da patologia, juntamente com revisão da literatura. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Pacientes com idades entre 13 dias e 7 anos e 9 meses, submetidos a avaliação ultrassonográfica das lesões do couro cabeludo com transdutor linear de alta frequência (12 MHz) e avaliação com Doppler colorido. DISCUSSÃO: A ultrassonografia possibilitou o estudo anatômico detalhado e a caracterização das lesões do couro cabeludo, assim como seu padrão de fluxo sanguíneo ao Doppler colorido. CONCLUSÃO: A correta interpretação dos achados de imagem das lesões do couro cabeludo depende do conhecimento,pelo médico radiologista, das principais afecções existentes, dos mecanismos fisiopatológicos dadoença e da apresentação clínica do paciente, para que o diagnóstico seja estabelecido de formaprecoce e correta.
OBJECTIVE: To present the results of an ultrasound study of differentscalp lesions in children of different ages followed by brief discussion of pathology, along with review of literature. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Patients aged between 13 days and 7 years and 9 months underwent sonographic evaluation of lesions of the scalp with a linear, high frequency probe (12 MHz) and color Doppler evaluation. DISCUSSION: The ultrasound allowed a detailed anatomical study and characterization of lesions of the scalp, as well as its pattern of blood flow on color Doppler. CONCLUSION: The correct interpretation of imaging findings of lesions of the scalp depends on the knowledge, the radiologist, existing major diseases,the pathophysiological mechanisms of disease and clinical presentation so that the diagnosis is established early and correct.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child , Scalp/injuries , Scalp/pathology , Scalp , Ultrasonography, Doppler, ColorABSTRACT
Os autores relatam um caso de hímen imperfurado congênito determinando volumoso hidrocolpo em recém-nascido. Esta anomalia é uma condição rara, pois a maioria dos casos de hímen imperfurado é diagnosticada na fase pré-púbere com o atraso da menarca. O objetivo deste relato é demonstrar os achados ultrassonográficos do hidrocolpo no recém-nato e realizar uma breve revisão de literatura sobre o assunto. É de fundamental importância nestes pacientes o rastreamento de outras malformações congênitas que podem estar associadas ao quadro.
The authors report a case of newborn hydrocolpos secondary to congenital imperforate hymen. This anomaly is a rare condition, since most cases of imperforate hymen are diagnosed in the prepubertal period with the delay of menarche. The objective of this report is to demonstrate ultrasound findings of newborn hydrocolpos and make a review of literature about it. It is vital to search other congenital malformations that may be associated.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant, Newborn , Hydrocolpos/surgery , Hymen/surgery , Hymen/pathologyABSTRACT
Objective: To demonstrate didactically the different ultrasound findings of various congenital malformations of the genitourinary system. Methods: Twelve cases were retrospectively studied, comprising patients who presented with genitourinary tract malformations (with or without related symptoms), detected by ultrasound testing carried out with Phillips ATL / HDI - 5000 ultrasound equipment, during the period of August 2007 to June 2009 at the Imaging Department of the Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. Results: Six patients were females and six were males, and ages varied from a few hours of life to 15 years and 9 months. All individuals were evaluated and accompanied by the Pediatric Radiology sector of the Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. The study was carried out as follows: two cases of hydrocolpos, one of them a result of imperforate hymen and one a case a congenital stenosis of the ureteropyelic junction, one case of ureterocele, one case of bilateral double collection system, one case of horseshoe kidney, one case of Hutchs diverticulum, two cases of pelvic kidney, one of them with hydronephrosis, one case of multicystic dysplastic kidney, one case of polycystic kidney (adult form), and one case of congenital megaureter. Conclusions: The ultrasonographic study is a valuable method for the early identification, often in the uterus, of these and several other treatable anomalies of the genitourinary tract. Additionally, it also presents the advantage of not using ionizing radiation, which is very significant, especially in the pediatric age group.
Objetivo: Demonstrar de maneira didática os diferentes achados ultrassonográficos de diversas malformações congênitas do sistema geniturinário. Métodos: Foram estudados retrospectivamente 12 casos de pacientes que apresentavam malformações do trato geniturinário (com ou sem sintomas relacionados), detectados nos exames de ultrassonografia com aparelhos de ultrassom Phillips ATL / HDI - 5000, no período de agosto de 2007 a junho de 2009 no Departamento de Imagem do Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. Resultados: Seis pacientes eram do sexo feminino e seis do sexo masculino, e as idades variaram entre algumas horas de vida até 15 anos e 9 meses. Todos foram avaliados e acompanhados pelo setor da radiologia pediátrica do Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein. Os casos estudados foram: dois casos de hidrocolpo um deles consequente a hímen imperfurado, um caso de estenose congênita da junção ureteropiélica, um caso de ureterocele, um caso de duplicidade do sistema coletor bilateral, um caso de rim em ferradura, um caso de divertículo de Hutch, dois casos de rim pélvico, um deles apresentando hidronefrose, um caso de rim displásico multicístico, um caso de rim policístico (forma adulta) e um caso de megaureter congênito. Conclusões: O estudo ultrassonográfico é um valioso método para a identificação precoce, muitas vezes intrauterina, dessas e de diversas outras anomalias do trato geniturinário passíveis de tratamento. Além disso, apresenta também a vantagem de não utilizar radiação ionizante, o que é de grande importância especialmente na faixa etária pediátrica.