Impact of basketball teaching in universities on students' physical healt: Analysis based on physical fitness, cardiopulmonary function, and skeletal healt

Purpose: College students are the future of a nation; education community needs to prioritize students' health issues. Method:This article compares the measurement data of cardiovascular function, bone density, body composition, and physical fitness between female college students in the exercise group and the control group before and after 12 weeks, in order to explore the impact of basketball on human morphology and physiological function. This can provide more methods and scientific basis for students to enhance their physical fitness and promote physical health. Results: The exercise group's lung capacity after the experimentwas 2517ml, and the control group's lung capacity after the experiment was 2357ml.Conclusion: This article has important practical significance in promoting the improvement of college students' physical fitness, and can also provide reference for ordinary higher education institutions to offer various sports courses (AU)

Pathway Engineering of Bacillus subtilis for Enhanced N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Production via Whole-Cell Biocatalysis.

N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuAc) is a common sialic acid that has a wide range of applications in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. However, low production efficiency and high environmental pollution associated with traditional extraction and chemical synthesis methods constrain the supply of NeuAc. Here, a biological approach is developed for food-grade NeuAc production via whole-cell biocatalysis by the generally regarded as safe (GRAS) bacterium Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis). Promoters for controlling N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase (AGE) and NeuAc adolase (NanA) are optimized, yielding 32.84 g L-1 NeuAc production with a molar conversion rate of 26.55% from N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). Next, NeuAc production is further enhanced to 46.04 g L-1 , which is 40.2% higher than that of the strain with promoter optimization, by expressing NanA from Staphylococcus hominis instead of NanA from Escherichia coli. To enhance the expression level of ShNanA, the N-terminal coding sequences of genes with high expression levels are fused to the 5'-end of the ShNanA gene, resulting in 56.82 g L-1 NeuAc production. Finally, formation of the by-product acetoin from pyruvate is blocked by deleting the alsS and alsD genes, resulting in 68.75 g L-1 NeuAc production with a molar conversion rate of 55.57% from GlcNAc. Overall, a GRAS B. subtilis strain is demonstrated as a whole-cell biocatalyst for efficient NeuAc production.