Hematologic responses in captive white-winged doves (Zenaida asiatica), induced by various radiotransmitter attachments.

White blood cell counts, heterophil-lymphocyte ratios, and leukocyte differentials of captive white-winged doves (Zenaida asiatica) from Texas equipped with different radiotransmitter attachment packages were monitored. Doves were segregated by gender and age by males, females, and hatching year; individuals housed in 30 large outdoor pens in groups of seven. Treatments consisted of controls, glue-on transmitters, body loop harnesses, surgically implanted intracoelomic transmitters, surgically implanted subcutaneous transmitters, intracoelomic surgery without implants, and subcutaneous surgery without implants. We used multivariate analysis of variance with pen as a blocking variable and gender nested and repeated measures analysis of variance to identify differences among any of the transmitter attachment techniques and the control for dependent variables. We found no difference in blood parameters between transmitter attachment technique versus a control.

Characteristics of the haemoproteid community in an expanding white-winged dove population.

The haemoproteid community of 171 eastern white-winged doves (Zenaida asiatica asiatica) from the expanding Texas population was examined using thin blood smears. During summer 1997, heart blood was taken from doves within their historical breeding range (Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas), an intermediate region (San Antonio and surrounding area), and the new breeding periphery (north central to southeast Texas). Two species were found: Haemoproteus columbae and Haemoproteus sacharovi. Infracommunities rarely occurred in heart blood, as only 20 of 132 infected doves demonstrated gametocytes of both species. Overall prevalence of H. columbae and H. sacharovi was 77 and 15%, respectively. Prevalence of H. columbae was higher in the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) and intermediate regions than at the periphery, higher in adults than juveniles, and similar between males and females. Prevalence of H. sacharovi was lower in the LRGV than intermediate and peripheral regions, similar between juveniles and adults, and higher in females than males. Mean density of H. columbae and H. sacharovi was 15.9 +/- 2.7 and 0.3 +/- 0.1 (mean +/- SE per 3,000 erythrocytes), respectively. Overall mean abundance of H. columbae and H. sacharovi was 12.2 +/- 2.2 and 0.04 +/- 0.02, respectively. Mean abundance of H. columbae was higher in the LRGV and intermediate regions than at the periphery and was similar between host age and between host sex; H. sacharovi was similar among regions, host age, and host sex. This study emphasizes the importance of using prevalence, density, and abundance data to assess haemoproteid community structure and pattern.

Helminth community structure in an expanding white-winged dove (Zenaida asiatica asiatica) population.

Helminth communities of 171 fledged white-winged doves (Zenaida asiatica asiatica) from the expanding eastern population in Texas (USA) were examined from hosts collected 11 June to 19 September 1997 within their historical range, new breeding periphery, and an intermediate area. Eleven helminth species, representing 435 individuals, were found. Helminths occurred in three microhabitats, of which the small intestine was the most commonly occupied. Nematodes dominated numerically (76% of total worms), followed by cestodes (17%), and trematodes (7%). Infracommunities were species-poor; the most complex infracommunity consisted of three helminth species, which occurred in three host individuals, followed by two species that occurred in 13 hosts. The remaining 155 doves had one (70) or no (85) species. The overall helminth component community was species-poor and was dominated by Ascaridia columbae which occurred in 26% of the white-winged doves and accounted for 65% of all helminth individuals. Prevalence and abundance of A. columbae varied by geographic region and host age, but not by host sex. Helminth component communities varied by geographic region, host age, and host sex. These differences were primarily attributable to unique occurrences of uncommon species within specific host subpopulations. Results suggest that the white-winged doves' multimodal regional abundance pattern, sympatry with other columbids, and granivorous diet may be more important in shaping helminth community structure than the influences often associated with geographic range expansion.