Revealing the ESIPT process in benzoxazole fluorophores within polymeric matrices through theory and experiment.

The impact of the polymeric matrix on the photophysical characteristics of monomeric dyes responsive to excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) was investigated through UV-Vis absorption as well as steady-state and time-resolved emission spectroscopies. For this purpose, two benzoxazole monomers (M1 and M2) with acryloyl groups at different positions in their molecular structures were employed to facilitate covalent bonding within a styrene chain. Our findings reveal significant variations in their excited-state properties due to the proximity of the acryloyl groups, which affects the energy barrier of the ESIPT reaction, the emission wavelength, and the balance between the normal and tautomeric forms. The experimental results were corroborated through theoretical investigations at the DFT/TDDFT level, specifically using the B3LYP-D3/def2-TZVP methodology. Three notable observations emerged: donor/acceptor groups at the meta/para positions induced electron distribution changes, causing red-shifted emission for M2; in the polymer film, particularly in PM1, intramolecular hydrogen bond deactivation favored N* emission over T* emission; and the zwitterionic character of the T* species. This study underscores the advantages of functionalization in polymers, which can lead to colorless films and prevalent N* or T* emission, and contributes valuable insights into molecular design strategies for tailoring the photophysical properties of polymeric materials.

Unraveling DEHP influence on hemoglobin S polymerization in sickle cell disease: Ex vivo, in vitro and in silico analysis.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hereditary hemoglobinopathy, caused by a mutation at position 6 of the ß-globin chain and patients are frequently exposed to several blood transfusions in order to maintain physiological function. Transfusion blood bags are composed of PVC and phthalates (as DEHP) are often introduced to the material in order to confer malleability. In this sense, DEHP can easily elute to the blood and cause harmful effects. This study aimed to unravel DEHP effect on SCD patient's hemoglobin function. We found that HbS polymerization using whole erythrocytes is decreased by DEHP in ex vivo experiments and this effect might be mediated by the DEHP-VAL6 interaction, evaluated in silico. Isolated HbS exhibited less polymerization at low DEHP concentrations and increased polymerization rate at higher concentration. When analyzing the propensity to aggregate, HbS is more inclined to aggregate when compared to HbA due to the residue 6 mutation. Circular dichroism showed characteristic hemoglobin peaks for oxygenated HbS that are lost when oxygen is sequestered, and DEHP at higher concentration mildly recovers a peak close to the second hemoglobin one. Finally, by transmission electron microscopy we demonstrated that high DEHP concentration increased polymer formation with a more organized structure. These findings show for the first-time the beneficial effect of low-dose DEHP on HbS polymerization.

TSH Receptor Reduces Hemoglobin S Polymerization and Increases Deformability and Adhesion of Sickle Erythrocytes.

SCD is a hereditary disorder caused by genetic mutation in the beta-globin gene, resulting in abnormal hemoglobin, HbS that forms sickle-shaped erythrocytes under hypoxia. Patients with SCD have endocrine disorders and it was described that 7% of these patients have clinical hypothyroidism. Recent studies have shown that mature erythrocytes possess TSH receptors. Thus, we aimed to assess the effects of TSH on SCD erythrocytes. The experiments were conducted using different concentrations of TSH (1, 2, 3, and 5 mIU/L). In HbS polymerization assay, erythrocytes were exposed to TSH in hypoxia to induce polymerization, and measurements were taken for 30 minutes. The deformability assay was made using Sephacryl-S 500 columns to separate deformable from nondeformable cells. Static adhesion test utilized thrombospondin to assess erythrocyte adhesion in the presence of TSH. TSH at all contractions were able to reduce polymerization of HbS and increase deformability. The static adhesion of erythrocytes at the lowest concentrations of 1 and 2 mIU/L were increased, but at higher contractions of 3 and 5 mIU/L, static adhesion was not modulated. The results suggest that TSH has potential involvement in the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease by inhibiting HbS polymerization, positively modulating deformability and impacting static adhesion to thrombospondin.

Littoral cell angioma of the spleen: case report and literature review.

Littoral cell angioma is an extremely rare splenic vascular tumor originating from the cells lining the splenic red pulp sinuses. Approximately 150 cases of littoral cell angioma have been reported since 1991. Its clinical manifestation is usually asymptomatic and is mostly diagnosed as an incidental finding through abdominal imaging. Herein, we present a case of littoral cell angioma in a 41-year-old woman with no previous comorbidities, which initially presented as a nonspecific splenic lesion diagnosed on imaging in the emergency room. The patient was treated through laparoscopic intervention.

Littoral cell angioma of the spleen: case report and literature review

ABSTRACT Littoral cell angioma is an extremely rare splenic vascular tumor originating from the cells lining the splenic red pulp sinuses. Approximately 150 cases of littoral cell angioma have been reported since 1991. Its clinical manifestation is usually asymptomatic and is mostly diagnosed as an incidental finding through abdominal imaging. Herein, we present a case of littoral cell angioma in a 41-year-old woman with no previous comorbidities, which initially presented as a nonspecific splenic lesion diagnosed on imaging in the emergency room. The patient was treated through laparoscopic intervention.

Postural Responses to Achilles Tendon Vibration Depend on Feet Positioning.

Mechanical vibration of the Achilles tendon is widely used to analyze the role of proprioception in postural control. The response to this tendon vibration (TV) has been analyzed in the upright posture, but the feet positions have varied in past research. Moreover, investigators have addressed only temporal parameters of the center of pressure (CoP). We investigated the effect of TV on both temporal and spectral characteristics of the CoP motion. Eighteen healthy young adults, stood barefoot, with one foot on each side of a dual platform, wearing glasses with opaque lenses. We applied 20 seconds of Achilles TV (bilaterally with inertial vibrators at a frequency of 80 Hz and an amplitude of .2-.5 mm). We analyzed CoP signals pre-vibration (PRE,4-seconds), during vibration (VIB,20 seconds), and after vibration cessation (REC,20 seconds). We repeated this protocol in natural and standardized positions (15° feet angular opening). For determining CoP amplitude and velocity, we divided the 20 seconds into five phases of four seconds each and calculated spectral parameters for the whole 20-second signals. There was an adaptation process in the speed of the CoP mediolateral (p < .01) and anteroposterior (p < .01) and in the displacement of the CoP anteroposterior (p < .01), with higher values in the VIB condition. Velocity and displacement decreased progressively in the REC condition. Median and peak frequencies were higher in the VIB condition when compared to the REC condition, but only in the mediolateral direction (p = .01). The standardized foot position led to increased speed in CoP mediolateral, anteroposterior, and mediolateral displacement (p < .01). CoP spectral characteristics were not affected by foot positioning. We concluded that adaptation of CoP motion in the presence of TV and after its cessation are observable both in time and frequency domains. Feet positioning influenced CoP motion in the presence of TV and after its cessation but it did not affect its spectral characteristics.

Organosulfur and Organoselenium Functionalized Benzimidazo[1,2-a]quinolines: From Experimental and Theoretical Photophysics to All-Solution-Processed OLEDs.

In this study, we present the synthesis of benzimidazo[1,2-a] quinoline-based heterocycles bearing organosulfur and organoselenium moieties through transition-metal-free cascade reactions involving a sequential intermolecular aromatic nucleophilic substitution (SNAr). Both sulfur and selenium derivatives presented absorption maxima located around 355 nm related to spin and symmetry allowing electronic 1π-π* transitions, and fluorescence emission at the violet-blue region (~440 nm) with relatively large Stokes shift. The fluorescence quantum yields were slightly influenced by the chalcogen, with the sulfur derivatives presenting higher values than the selenium analogs. In this sense, the quantum yields for selenium derivatives can probably be affected by the intersystem crossing or even the photoinduced electron transfer process (PET). The compounds were successfully applied in all-solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), where poly(9-vinylcarbazole) was employed as a dispersive matrix generating single-layer device cells. The obtained electroluminescence spectra are a sum of benzimidazo[1,2-a]quinolines and PVK singlet and/or triplet emissive states, according to their respective energy band gaps. The best diode rendered a luminance of 25.4 cd⋅m-2 with CIE (0.17, 0.14) and current efficiency of 20.2 mcd⋅A-1, a fivefold improvement in comparison to the PVK device that was explained by a 50-fold increase of charge-carriers electrical mobility.

The effectiveness of interventions in the prevention of perineal trauma in parturients: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

AIM: To investigate the effectiveness of interventions to prevent the occurrence of perineal trauma in parturients. METHODS: A bibliographic search was carried out in Cochrane Library, MEDLINE via PUBMED, LILACS via Virtual Health Library (VHL), Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Scielo, Web of Science, and PEDro databases. Randomized clinical trials evaluating the effects of any intervention to prevent perineal trauma during pregnancy and/or childbirth were included. There were no temporal or language restrictions. The risk of bias assessment was performed using the Revised Cochrane Risk-of-bias Tool for Randomized Trials. RESULTS: Fifty studies, with a total of 17,221 participants, were included in this meta-analysis. No intervention during childbirth was effective for the prevention of perineal trauma (RR = 1.07, 95% CI [0.98.1.18], p < 0.01, I2 = 83%) when compared to no intervention. However, a lower risk of perineal laceration was verified with techniques performed during pregnancy, when compared to no intervention (RR = 0.81, 95% CI [0.71, 0.93], p = 0.05, I2 = 47%). Among them, highlight the effects of perineal massage in preventing lacerations (RR = 0.69, 95% CI [0.54, 0.87], p < 0.01) when compared to no intervention. CONCLUSIONS: The techniques performed during pregnancy, especially perineal massage, are associated with a lower risk of perineal laceration.

Bosentan attenuates sickle cell disease erythrocyte HbS polymerization and impaired deformability induced by endothelin-1.

The effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1) on erythrocytes from sickle cell disease (SCD) patients have been described, but mechanisms of ET-1 regarding primary erythrocyte functions remain unknown. ET-1 is a vasoconstrictor peptide produced by endothelial cells, and the expression of ET-1 is increased in SCD. The present study used ex vivo experiments with sickle cell erythrocytes, ET-1, and bosentan, a dual antagonist of ETA and ETB receptors. We performed a hemoglobin S (HbS) polymerization assay with three concentrations of ET-1 (1, 20, and 50 pg/mL) and bosentan (100 nmol/L). ET-1 increased HbS polymerization at all concentrations, and this effect was suppressed by bosentan. For the deformability assay, red blood cells (RBCs) were incubated on a Sephacryl column with the same concentrations of ET-1 and bosentan. ET-1 decreased deformability, and this effect was reversed by bosentan. To observe erythrocyte adhesion, ET-1 and bosentan were incubated with RBCs in thrombospondin-coated 96-well plate, which demonstrated that ET-1 decreased adhesion but that bosentan enhanced adhesion. We also assessed erythrocyte apoptosis and observed decreased eryptosis induced by ET-1, and these effects were inhibited bosentan. Thus, these findings demonstrated that ET-1 modulates HbS polymerization, erythrocyte deformability, adhesion to thrombospondin, and eryptosis, and these effects were suppressed or enhanced by bosentan.

Rodas de conversas sobre o SUS potencializa as resistências no enfrentamento da pandemia

O manuscrito tem como objetivo socializar a experiência coletiva do projeto "Rodas de Conversas sobre o SUS: educação permanente em saúde no enfrentamento da pandemia" de 2020. Construído a partir das necessidades de trabalhadoras(es) da linha de frente da saúde e assistência social, envolveu estudantes, docentes, movimentos sociais, conselhos de direitos. O cenário da pandemia tornou as demandas mais expressivas nos serviços municipais e provocou sentimento de indignação diante do descaso do Estado, na ausência de respostas à crise sanitária e da barbárie explícita do projeto neoliberal e conservador que avança no país e na destruição do Sistema Único de Saúde. A aproximação e integração ­ estar juntas(os) em isolamento social ­ foi uma atitude de resistência e fundamental para defesa do direito à saúde e à vida. As rodas de conversas são dispositivos significativos e foram adotadas para integração formação-trabalho e potencialização dos sujeitos, na estratégia da Educação Permanente em Saúde. A problematização da realidade, nas 12 rodas realizadas, demonstrou como resultados os impactos da pandemia que aprofundou a crise estrutural em curso, falta de apoio a trabalhadoras(es) da linha de frente e violação de direitos da População em Situação de Rua, no nordeste paulista de Franca e Região. Evidenciou, que o enfrentamento da pandemia exige ações interdisciplinares e intersetoriais, coletivas e solidárias, espaços de diálogos e troca de experiências. As rodas produzem novos sentidos e os sujeitos se fortalecem, permitem rever conceitos, valores, significados, coletivamente compreendem essa realidade contraditória e possibilidades que podem ser construídas no cotidiano do SUS.Palavras-chave: Sistema Único de Saúde; Rodas de Conversas; Educação Permanente; Pandemia.

ATR1 Angiotensin II Receptor Reduces Hemoglobin S Polymerization, Phosphatidylserine Exposure, and Increases Deformability of Sickle Cell Disease Erythrocytes.

Angiotensin II (Ang II) regulates blood volume and stimulates erythropoiesis through AT1 (ATR1) and AT2 (ATR2) receptors, found in multiple tissues, including erythrocytes. Sickle cell disease (SCD) patients present altered Ang II levels. Hemoglobin S polymerization, deformability and phosphatidylserine translocation are important features of mature erythrocytes, therefore, our hypothesis is Ang II affects these parameters and, if it does, what would be the influence of AT1R and AT2R on these effects. A polymerization assay (PA), deformability, and annexin V binding were performed in SCD erythrocytes samples adding Ang II, ATR1 antagonist (losartan or eprosartan), and ATR2 antagonist (PD123319). Through the PA test, we observed a dose-dependent polymerization inhibition effect when comparing Ang II to control. Losartan did not affect the level or the rate of Ang II inhibition, while PD123319 showed an increased level of protection against polymerization, and eprosartan brought levels back to control. Ang II was able to reduce the translocation of phosphatidylserine from the inner to the outer leaflet, a marker of eryptosis, in the presence of PD123319. Also, ATR1 showed a positive effect increasing deformability. Our data shows that ATR1 is important for maintenance of erythrocyte physiological function in SCD and for prolonging its life.

All-Solution Processed Single-Layer WOLEDs Using [Pt(salicylidenes)] as Guests in a PFO Matrix.

Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of two Pt(II) coordination compounds, the new platinum(II)[N,N'-bis(salicylidene)-3,4-diaminobenzophenone)] ([Pt(sal-3,4-ben)]) and the already well-known platinum(II)[N,N'-bis(salicylidene)-o-phenylenediamine] ([Pt(salophen)]), along with their application as guests in a poly [9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl] (PFO) conjugated polymer in all-solution processed single-layer white organic light-emitting diodes. Completely different performances were achieved: 2.2% and 15.3% of external quantum efficiencies; 2.8 cd A-1 and 12.1 cd A-1 of current efficiencies; and 3103 cd m-2 and 6224 cd m-2 of luminance for the [Pt(salophen)] and [Pt(sal-3,4-ben)] complexes, respectively. The Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE 1931) chromaticity color coordinates are (0.33, 0.33) for both 0.1% mol/mol Pt(II):PFO composites at between approximately 3.2 and 8 V. The optoelectronic properties of doped and neat PFO films have been investigated, using steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence. Theoretical calculations at the level of relativistic density functional theory explained these results, based on the presence of the Pt(II) central ion's phosphorescence emission, considering spin-orbit coupling relationships. The overall results are explained, taking into account the active layer morphological properties, along with the device's electric balance and the emitter's efficiencies, according to deep-trap space-charge models. Considering the very simple structure of the device and the ease of synthesis of such compounds, the developed framework can offer a good trade-off for solution-deposited white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs), with further applications in the field of lighting and signage.

Enhancing the phosphorescence decay pathway of Cu(I) emitters - the role of copper-iodide moiety.

Speeding up the phosphorescence channel in luminescent copper(I) complexes has been extremely challenging due to the copper atoms relatively low spin-orbit coupling constant compared to heavier metals such as iridium. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of three mononuclear copper(I) complexes with diimines, triphenylphosphine, and iodide ligands to evaluate the effect of the copper-iodide (Cu-I) moiety into the phosphorescence decay pathway. Temperature-dependent photophysical studies revealed combined thermally activated delayed fluorescence and phosphorescence emission, with a phosphorescence decay rate of the order of 104 s-1. Density functional theory calculations indicate very high spin-orbit coupling matrix elements between the low-lying states of these complexes. Compared to the classical [Cu(phen)(POP)]+, our results demonstrate that Cu-I is a versatile moiety to speed up the phosphorescence decay pathway in about one order of magnitude, and it can be prepared by a simplified synthetic route with few synthetic steps. Furthermore, the SOC matrix elements and the phosphorescence decay rates of these complexes are comparable to those of extensively applied coordination complexes based on heavier metals, making them a promising alternative as active layers of organic light-emitting diodes.

A construção da interdisciplinaridade na saúde: a experiência das rodas de conversas na pandemia / The construction of interdisciplinarity in health: the experience of conversation circles in the pandemic

RESUMO O objetivo do artigo foi apresentar o processo de construção da interdisciplinaridade na saúde a partir da experiência das rodas de conversas no enfrentamento da pandemia da Covid-19. A crise pandêmica atingiu toda a população e exigiu a organização de estratégias e repostas aos problemas apresentados nos serviços municipais, porém, os impactos sociais atingiram segmentos populacionais em situação de vulnerabilidade de maneira profunda, como a população em situação de rua. Diante da complexidade desse cenário e da intenção de desvendar essa realidade, o Grupo de Estudo sobre Política de Saúde e Serviço Social e o Grupo de Estudo sobre Participação nas Políticas Sociais, da Universidade Estadual Paulista de Franca, São Paulo, mobilizaram coletivamente estudantes, pesquisadores, docentes, trabalhadores e usuários para o debate interdisciplinar. A proposta das rodas de conversas foi construída no movimento dessa realidade, a partir do exercício dialético e dos problemas vivenciados da pandemia, realizadas de forma remota e mensal, em 2020 e 2021. As discussões e os resultados demonstraram que a roda é um dispositivo potente para estudos, reflexões, troca de experiências e conhecimentos, na construção da interdisciplinaridade em saúde e das estratégias intersetoriais para essa população. Um espaço que se configurou de fortalecimento e resistência dos sujeitos.

ABSTRACT The article aims to present the process of building interdisciplinarity in health, based on the experience of conversation circles in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic crisis reached the entire population and required the organization of strategies and responses to the problems presented in the municipal services, however, the social impacts reached segments of the population in situations of vulnerability in a profound way, such as the homeless population. Given the complexity of this scenario and the intention to unravel this reality, the Study Group on Health Policy and Social Service and the Study Group on Participation in Social Policies, from Universidade Estadual Paulista de Franca, São Paulo, collectively mobilized students, researchers, teachers, workers, and users for the interdisciplinary debate. The proposal of the conversation circles was built in the movement of this reality, from the dialectical exercise and the problems experienced by the pandemic, carried out remotely and monthly, in 2020 and 2021. The discussions and results showed that the circle is a powerful device for studies, reflections, exchange of experiences and knowledge, in the construction of interdisciplinarity in health and intersectoral strategies for this population. A space configured for the strengthening and resistance of the subjects.

Visual Inspection and Toothbrush Care: A Mother-Baby Paired Cross-Sectional Study

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the physical conditions and presence of residues of toothbrushes used by mothers and their babies and mothers' knowledge about toothbrush care. Material and Methods This was a cross-sectional study comprising a convenience sample represented by 60 mother-baby pairs. The mothers answered a questionnaire to evaluate their knowledge of toothbrush care. A calibrated dentist performed a visual inspection of the toothbrushes. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square and Fisher's exact tests, with a significance level of 5%. Results It was found that 82% of the mothers had never received instructions regarding the care of toothbrushes after use (p=0.024). Most of them believed that their toothbrushes (70%) and their children's toothbrushes (88%) were in good condition to use (p=0.043). However, most mother's toothbrushes presented an unacceptable deformity of the bristles (65%) and the presence of residues (60%). In addition, babies' toothbrushes also presented unacceptable deformities of the bristles (52%) and residues (55%). There was an association between the lack of instructions received by the mother and the presence of deformity and residues on the mother's toothbrush bristles (p=0.037 and p=0.003, respectively). Conclusion Most mothers had never received instructions regarding toothbrush care, which is reflected in the condition of their and their baby's toothbrushes, which presented unacceptable physical conditions concerning deformation and presence of residues.

Síndrome do piriforme: diagnóstico e tratamento: um estudo retrospectivo / Piriformis syndrome: diagnosis and treatment: a retrospective study

Introdução: A síndrome do piriforme (SP) é uma causa de dor ciática pouco entendida e conhecida, por isso, subdiagnosticada. Possui múltiplas possibilidades etiológicas e a abordagem terapêutica corrente privilegia o tratamento conservador. Objetivo: Neste estudo retrospectivo são destacados o diagnóstico, a etiologia, o diagnóstico diferencial e analisados os resultados do tratamento instituído. Métodos: 34 casos com seguimento mínimo de seis meses e máximo de 12 meses avaliados por uma escala simplificada de graduação de sintomas. Resultados: O tratamento clínico-conservador obteve excelentes resultados em 23 pacientes (67,6%), bom em nove pacientes (26,4%) e razoáveis (insatisfatórios) em dois pacientes (5,8%). Conclusões: Na dor com característica ciática, contínua ou intermitente e sem evidências de compressão radicular ou herniação discal lombar, deve-se pesquisar a possibilidade de síndrome do piriforme como um diagnóstico eminentemente clínico e de exclusão. O tratamento conservador apresenta resultados satisfatórios na maioria dos casos e a indicação cirúrgica está reservada como último recurso às falhas da terapia conservadora.

Introduction: Piriformis syndrome is a cause of sciatalgy barely understood and frequently unrecognized. It has multiple possible etiologic factors and the treatment of option is largely conservative. Objective: In this retrospective study, the diagnostic signs, the ethiology, the diferential diagnosis and the treatment results are discussed. Methods: 34 patients were followed-up for 6-12 months and evaluated by a simplified symptom rating scale. Results: Excellent results in 23 patients (67,6%), good in 9 patients (26,4%) and fair (unsatisfactory) in 2 patients (5,8%). Conclusions: In patients with sciatic pain without proved rachidian or discal lumbar disease, the possibility of Piriformis Syndrome must be investigated mainly by proper clinical examination and seen as a diagnosis of exclusion. The conservative treatment has satisfactory outcomes in most of cases and surgical procedure is reserved as a last resort in case of failure of the conservative management.

Posicionamento na rede tem efeitos benéficos em neonatos pré-termo internados em unidade de terapia intensiva

Introdução: A produção de carbapenemases dos tipos KPC e NDM é um importante mecanismo enzimático de resistência aos carbapenêmicos em bactérias da família Enterobacteriaceae. Estas enzimas degradam os antibióticos beta-lactâmicos e são codificadas pelos genes blaKPC e blaNDM, que podem estar localizados em elementos genéticos móveis como plasmídeos e transposons. Objetivos: Avaliar a taxa de positividade de blaKPC e blaNDM em enterobactérias resistentes aos carbapenêmicos recebidos no Intituto Adofo Lutz (IAL) de São José do Rio Preto e pesquisar dados epidemiológicos dos pacientes cujos isolados foram recuperados. Métodos: No período de junho de 2015 a abril de 2019 foram recebidos isolados bacterianos resistentes aos carbapenêmicos da região de São José do Rio Preto. No laboratório de bacteriologia e biologia molecular foram realizadas a extração de DNA e a PCR em tempo real para investigação dos genes blaKPC e blaNDM. Em seguida, foi feito o levantamento dos dados epidemiológicos, tais como, o município de origem, idade e gênero dos pacientes cujos isolados bacterianos foram recuperados. Resultados: A amostragem total do estudo foi de 934 isolados de enterobactérias provenientes de diferentes hospitais localizados em cinco municípios da região. Destes; 93,4% foram positivos para blaKPC, sendo 96,3% em isolados do gênero Klebsiella sp. e 1,85% dos isolados do gênero Enterobacter sp. e da espécie Escherichia coli , respectivamente; 52,5% dos isolados foram obtidos de mulheres e 84,4% de pacientes idosos. O gene blaNDM, foi detectado apenas em três isolados, sendo dois deles provenientes de culturas de vigilância. Conclusão: Os resultados gerados evidenciaram que enterobactérias produtoras de KPC estão disseminadas em todas unidades de saúde dos cinco municípios estudados, sugerindo que os isolados de Klebsiella sp. carreadores de blaKPC possam ser endêmicos nestas instituições. Pudemos também notar o importante papel das culturas de vigilância na prevenção da disseminação de genes de resistência, como observado para blaNDM neste estudo.

Evaluation of the acidic strengths on electronic ground and excited states of proton transfer dye using Excitation-Emission fluorescence matrix (EEM) and Multivariate Curve Resolution with Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS).

Multivariate Curve Resolution with Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS) was for the first time successfully used to evaluate an intricate photophysical behavior, where deprotonation on the electronic ground state (S0), intra and intermolecular proton transfer processes (ESPT and ESIPT) on the electronic excited state (S1) can simultaneously be presented. In this sense, the organic dye 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole (HBT) was used as a proof-of-concept model, where MCR-ALS showed to be a powerful tool for discriminate chemical reactions that occur concomitantly on different potential energy surfaces, which include photochemical reactions. As a result, the chemometric method showed to be a straightforward approach for the determination of the acidic strengths of those equilibria were estimated as 8.61 and 1.11 to hydroxyl deprotonation on electronic ground and excited states, respectively.

Perfil epidemiológico e social de crianças e adolescentes com Anemia Falciforme e sua relação com a cárie dentária / Epidemiological and social profile of children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia and association with dental caries

Introdução: a Anemia Falciforme (AF) é a patologia hereditária monogênica mais prevalente associada à presença de hemoglobina SS no mundo. Pode provocar alterações no corpo, face e dentes dos indivíduos afetados, que podem levar a uma maior predisposição ao desenvolvimento da cárie dentária. Objetivo: avaliar o perfil epidemiológico e social de crianças e adolescentes com AF, a prevalência de cárie e influência da dieta. Metodologia: estudo de corte transversal com 124 indivíduos de 5 a 18 anos provenientes do ambulatório de referência em AF para o grupo AF (n=61) e sem hemoglobinopatias matriculados em colégio público da Bahia (n=63) para o grupo comparação. Anamnese, exame dos dentes e aplicação de questionários sobre a condição de saúde, história da doença e dieta foram realizados. Resultados: a maioria era da raça parda, cursava o 1º grau, a renda era de um salário mínimo, mas em relação à procedência, a maioria das crianças com AF era do interior. Estas também frequentavam mais as consultas odontológicas, apesar de o CPO-D ter sido maior (CPO-D=2,1) que o grupo comparação (CPO-D=1,1), bem como o ceo-d de 2,3 e 0,88, respectivamente. Crianças e adolescentes com AF consumiam menos carboidratos e tiveram um índice de cárie mais alto (ceo-d=2,0; CPO-D=4,2) que os do grupo comparação (ceo-d=0,9; CPO-D=1,0). O grupo com AF apresentou nível socioeconômico baixo e maior índice de cárie em ambas as dentições, apesar da dieta ter sido menos cariogênica. Conclusão: é possível que a prevalência maior de cárie para indivíduos com AF esteja associada a outros fatores inerentes à doença.

Introdution: sickle cell anemia (SCA) is the most prevalent hereditary monogenic pathology associated with the presence of SS hemoglobin in the world. It can affect ibody, face and teeth, which can lead to a higher predisposition to the development of dental caries. Objective: evaluate the epidemiological and social profile of children and adolescents with Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA), prevalence of caries and influence of diet. Methodology: a cross-sectional study was realized with 124 individuals ages of 5 to 18 years originated from the reference ambulatory in SCA for the SCA group (n=61) and without SCA matriculate in a public school in Bahia (n=63) for the comparation group. Anamnesis, teeth examination and application of questionnaires about health condition, disease and diet history were realized. Results: most of them were brown, was in elementary school, income of a minimum wage, but in relation to provenance, most children with SCA were from the countryside. These ones also attended more dental consultations, although the DMFT was higher than the comparation group, 2.1 and 1.1, as well as the dmft 2.3. and 0.88, respectively. Children and adolescents with SCA consumed less carbohydrates and had a higher caries index (dmft = 2.0; DMFT = 4.2) than those in the comparation group (dmft = 0.9; DMFT = 1.0). The group with SCA presented low socioeconomic level and higher caries index in both dentitions, even if the diet was less cariogenic. Conclusion: it is possible that higher prevalence of caries for individuals with SCA may be associated with other factors inherent to the disease.

A new interpretation of the mechanism of wormlike micelle formation involving a cationic surfactant and salicylate.

HYPOTHESIS: When tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide, TTAB, is added to aqueous solution of sodium salicylate, NaSal, the threading of the aromatic anion into the micellar palisade leads to the formation of wormlike micelles. Based on the calorimetric titration of NaSal with TTAB, and on the lifetime of fluorescence of salicylate, we propose that the aggregation of the two components directly leads to the formation of wormlike micelles, without any pre-aggregation. EXPERIMENTS: By using an isothermal titration calorimeter, aliquots of TTAB were added to a dilute solution of NaSal. The energy involved in each addition was then integrated and the variation of enthalpy was determined. In the same range of concentrations and molar ratios, the surface tensiometry and time-resolved emission spectroscopy experiments were performed. FINDINGS: A very characteristic calorimetric signal associated with wormlike micelle formation was obtained, being the enthalpy variation of this process, ΔWLMH2980 < 0. When 1.2 mmol L-1 of NaSal is titrated with 11.0 mmol L-1 of TTAB at 298.15 K, ΔfH2980 = -10.31 kJ per mol of injectant. By adding TTAB to NaSal solution, two fluorescence lifetimes of salicylate were observed solely after wormlike micelle being formed. The correspondent lifetime values of 4.0 ns and 7.2 ns are respectively associated with the free and associated species of salicylate. The new results demonstrated that wormlike micelles are the first aggregate formed when TTAB is added to salicylate. This aspect is relevant for understanding the mechanism of wormlike micelles formation.