Correlation between flat foot and patellar instability in adolescents and analysis of related risk factors.

INTRODUCTION: Flatfoot and patellar instability are both developmental limb deformities that occur frequently in adolescents. A high number of patients with both diseases can be seen in clinic, and there are no studies showing a correlation between the two. The goal of this study is to investigate the association between developmental patellar instability and flat feet in adolescents and its associated risk factors. METHODS: This experiment uses a cross-sectional study to select 74 adolescent patients with flat foot from a randomly selected middle school in this city since December 2021 and obtain relevant data. SPSS26.0 statistical software was used for data analysis. Quantitative data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and Pearson correlation coefficient was used for analysis. p < 0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference. RESULTS: A total of 74 people (40 men and 34 women) were included in this study. The correlation coefficients between Meary angle, Pitch angle, calcaneal valgus angle, CSI, BMI, and Beighton scores and knee joint Q angle are 0.358 (p < 0.01), -0.312 (p < 0.01), 0.403 (p < 0.01), 0.596 (p < 0.01), 0.427 (p < 0.01), and 0.293 (p < 0.05), respectively, indicating that flat foot, overweight, and Beighton scores are all correlated with Q angle. The correlation coefficients between Meary angle, Pitch angle, calcaneal valgus angle, CSI, and BMI were 0.431 (p < 0.01), -0.399 (p < 0.01), 0.319 (p < 0.01), and 0.563 (p < 0.01), respectively, indicating a correlation between flat foot and BMI. The correlation coefficients between Meary's angle, Pitch's angle, calcaneal valgus angle, CSI, and Beighton's score were 0.207 (p > 0.05), -0.240 (p < 0.05), 0.204 (p > 0.05), and 0.413 (p < 0.01), respectively, indicating a correlation between flat foot and Beighton's score. CONCLUSION: We believe that there is a significant correlation between adolescent flatfoot and patellar instability. Excessive weight and ligamental laxity during adolescent development are among the risk factors for flatfoot and patellar instability.

Biomechanical application of finite elements in the orthopedics of stiff clubfoot.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of varying the different correction angles of hindfoot osteotomy orthosis on the biomechanical changes of the adjacent joints after triple arthrodesis in adult patients with stiff clubfoot to determine the optimal hindfoot correction angle and provide a biomechanical basis for the correction of hindfoot deformity in patients with stiff clubfoot. METHODS: A 26-year-old male patient with a stiff left clubfoot was selected for the study, and his ankle and foot were scanned using dual-source computed tomography. A three-dimensional finite element model of the ankle was established, and after the validity of the model was verified by plantar pressure experiments, triple arthrodesis was simulated to analyze the biomechanical changes of the adjacent joints under the same load with "3°" of posterior varus, "0°" of a neutral position and "3°, 6°, 9°" of valgus as the correction angles. RESULTS: The peak plantar pressure calculated by the finite element model of the clubfoot was in good agreement with the actual plantar pressure measurements, with an error of less than 1%. In triple arthrodesis, the peak von Mises stress in the adjacent articular cartilage was significantly different and less than the preoperative stress when the corrected angle of the hindfoot was valgus "6°". In comparison, the peak von Mises stress in the adjacent articular cartilage was not significantly different in varus "3°", neutral "0°", valgus "3°" and valgus "9°" compared with the preoperative stress. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that different angles of hindfoot correction in triple arthrodesis did not increase the peak von Mises stress in the adjacent joints, which may not lead to the development of arthritis in the adjacent joint, and a hindfoot correction angle of "6°" of valgus significantly reduced the peak von Mises stress in the adjacent joints after triple arthrodesis.