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1.
Rev. clín. med. fam ; 17(1): 74-76, Feb. 2024. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-230609

ABSTRACT

La úlcera de Lipschütz, llamada así por el dermatólogo austríaco que la describió por primera vez en 1913, es una patología poco frecuente que se debe considerar en el diagnóstico diferencial de las úlceras genitales de mujeres con o sin vida sexual activa. Es precedida por síntomas sistémicos típicos de una viriasis y tiene buen pronóstico por su curso autolimitado. La falta de conocimiento de esta entidad (sobre todo en su etiopatogenia), su baja incidencia y la ausencia de criterios diagnósticos claros contribuyen a que siga siendo infradiagnosticada. Con el presente trabajo, pretendemos minimizar este problema al crear un método diagnóstico simplificado que a su vez permite una clasificación pionera.(AU)


Lipschütz ulcer is named after the Austrian dermatologist who first reported this in 1913. It’s a rare pathology that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of genital ulcers in women with or without an active sexual life. It’s preceded by systemic symptoms typical of a viral infection and it has a good prognosis as it’s self-limited. This entity is underdiagnosed due to limited knowledge (especially in aetiopathogenesis), its low incidence and because there are no clear diagnostic criteria. We tried to improve this problem by creating a simplified diagnostic method and a pioneer classification.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Ulcer , Cytomegalovirus , Vulvar Diseases , Diagnosis, Differential , Primary Health Care , Gynecology , Genitalia, Female , Inpatients , Physical Examination
2.
Hosp. domic ; 6(2)abr./jun. 2022. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-209263

ABSTRACT

El síndrome del psoas maligno (SPM) es una entidad rara, de origen tumoral, que cursa con dolor severo al flexionar la cadera debido a la afectación metastásica del músculo psoas mayor. No existe un tratamiento específico eficaz, siendo su progresión rápidamente invalidante, lo cual dificulta el diagnóstico y ensombrece la calidad de vida y pronóstico de los enfermos. (AU)


Malignant psoas syndrome (MPS) is a rare tumoral disease that causes severe pain when flexing the hip. The origin is a metastatic involvement of the psoas major muscle. There isn´t specific treatment and disease progression is rapidly disabling. The diagnosis is difficult and the quality of life of patients is very poor. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Palliative Care , Cancer Pain/therapy , Psoas Muscles/pathology , Hip
6.
Eur J Intern Med ; 66: 92-98, 2019 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31230851

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Besides the main treatment for their disease, hospital patients receive multiple care measures which include venous lines (VL), urinary catheters (UC), dietary restrictions (DR), mandatory bed rest (BR), deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis (VTP), stress ulcer prophylaxis (SUP) and anticoagulation bridge therapy for atrial fibrillation (BAF). In many cases these practices are of low value. METHODS: We analysed patients admitted to Internal Medicine wards throughout 2018 (2714 inpatients). We used different methodologies to identify low-value clinical practices. RESULTS: BR or DR at admission were recommended in 37% (32-44) and 24% (19-30) of the patients respectively. In 81% (71-87) and 33% (21-45) of the cases this restriction was deemed unnecessary. Ninety-six percent (92-98) had VL and 25% (19-32) UC. VL were not used in 10% (6-12), UC had no indications for insertion in 21% (11-35) and for maintenance in 31% (12-46) patients. Fifty-seven percent (49-64) of the patients were administered VTP and 69% (62-76) were prescribed SUP. Twenty-two percent (15-31) of patients with VTP and 52% (43-60) with SUP had no indication. Chronic anticoagulation for AF was interrupted in 65% (53-75) with BAF was prescribed in 38% (25-52) of them. An intervention to reduce low-value care supporting clinical practices addressed only to the Internal Medicine Wards showed very poor results. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that there is ample room for reduction of low-value care. Interventions to implement clinical guidelines at admissions should be addressed to cover the entire admission process, from the emergency room to the ward. Partial approaches are discouraged.


Subject(s)
Health Services Misuse/prevention & control , Patient Care/methods , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Unnecessary Procedures/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Evidence-Based Medicine , Hospitalization , Humans , Internal Medicine , Medicalization , Patients' Rooms , Quality Control , Tertiary Care Centers
7.
Nutr. hosp ; 36(2): 296-302, mar.-abr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-184321

ABSTRACT

Introducción: en la población geriátrica institucionalizada existe un elevado número de adultos mayores dependientes y en riesgo de malnutrición. Entre otros, los factores relacionados son la pérdida de peso inherente a la edad, que favorece la fragilidad y la sarcopenia, el índice de masa corporal (IMC) bajo y el empeoramiento de enfermedades crónicas, lo cual conlleva un deterioro en la calidad de vida. Objetivo: analizar la relación entre dependencia y estado nutricional en personas mayores que viven institucionalizadas. Método: estudio prospectivo observacional y descriptivo en una muestra de ancianos institucionalizados. Se valoraron la dependencia mediante el índice de Barthel, el género, el IMC, la presencia de enfermedades crónicas y el estado nutricional mediante el Mini Nutricional Assessment (MNA). La asociación entre las distintas variables se llevó a cabo mediante la correlación de Spearman. Resultados: ciento sesenta y cuatro pacientes fueron incluidos en el estudio. Según el índice de Barthel, el 45,10% (n = 74) de los pacientes tenían una dependencia total y un 18,30% (n = 30), una dependencia moderada. Las mujeres tenían mayor riesgo de dependencia total que los hombres (p < 0,0001). Existió una relación significativa entre el nivel de dependencia y el estado nutricional: a mayor dependencia, mayor riesgo de desnutrición (p < 0,0001). Los residentes que tenían bajo peso tenían un riesgo mayor de sufrir dependencia total en un RR de 11,05 (IC 95% 4,41; 27,7). Los residentes que presentaban demencia tenían mayor dependencia (p < 0,0001). Conclusión: la mayoría de los ancianos institucionalizados presentaron algún grado de dependencia, lo que implicó un riesgo para el estado nutricional que se vio agravado si padecían demencia y bajo peso


Background: there is a high number of dependent older adults with risk of malnutrition in the institutionalized geriatric population. Among others, the related factors are weight loss inherent to age, which favors frailty and sarcopenia, low body mass index (BMI) and the worsening of chronic diseases, which entails a deterioration in the quality of life. Objective: to analyze the relationship between dependence and nutritional status in elderly institutionalized people. Method: prospective observational and descriptive study in a sample of elderly institutionalized people. Dependence was studied by the Barthel index, sex, BMI, presence of chronic diseases and nutritional status with the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). The association between the different variables was made with the Spearman correlation. Results: one hundred and sixty-four patients were included in the study; 45.10% (n = 74) of the patients had a total dependence and 18.30% (n = 30) had a moderate dependence. Women had a higher risk of total dependence than men (p < 0.0001). There was a significant relationship between the level of dependence and nutritional status, so that greater dependence increased the risk of malnutrition (p < 0.0001). Patients who were underweight had a greater risk of total dependence (RR 11.05 [95% CI 4.41, 27.7]). Patients with dementia were more dependent (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: most of the institutionalized elderly people presented some degree of dependence, which supposed a risk for the nutritional status that was aggravated if they suffered dementia and low weight


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Malnutrition/epidemiology , Body Mass Index , Dementia/complications , Inpatients , Nutrition Assessment , Nutritional Status , Prospective Studies , Quality of Life , Risk , Sarcopenia/epidemiology , Spain/epidemiology , Thinness/epidemiology , Weight Loss
8.
Nutr Hosp ; 36(2): 296-302, 2019 Apr 10.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30868902

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Background: there is a high number of dependent older adults with risk of malnutrition in the institutionalized geriatric population. Among others, the related factors are weight loss inherent to age, which favors frailty and sarcopenia, low body mass index (BMI) and the worsening of chronic diseases, which entails a deterioration in the quality of life. Objective: to analyze the relationship between dependence and nutritional status in elderly institutionalized people. Method: prospective observational and descriptive study in a sample of elderly institutionalized people. Dependence was studied by the Barthel index, sex, BMI, presence of chronic diseases and nutritional status with the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). The association between the different variables was made with the Spearman correlation. Results: one hundred and sixty-four patients were included in the study; 45.10% (n = 74) of the patients had a total dependence and 18.30% (n = 30) had a moderate dependence. Women had a higher risk of total dependence than men (p < 0.0001). There was a significant relationship between the level of dependence and nutritional status, so that greater dependence increased the risk of malnutrition (p < 0.0001). Patients who were underweight had a greater risk of total dependence (RR 11.05 [95% CI 4.41, 27.7]). Patients with dementia were more dependent (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: most of the institutionalized elderly people presented some degree of dependence, which supposed a risk for the nutritional status that was aggravated if they suffered dementia and low weight.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: en la población geriátrica institucionalizada existe un elevado número de adultos mayores dependientes y en riesgo de malnutrición. Entre otros, los factores relacionados son la pérdida de peso inherente a la edad, que favorece la fragilidad y la sarcopenia, el índice de masa corporal (IMC) bajo y el empeoramiento de enfermedades crónicas, lo cual conlleva un deterioro en la calidad de vida. Objetivo: analizar la relación entre dependencia y estado nutricional en personas mayores que viven institucionalizadas. Método: estudio prospectivo observacional y descriptivo en una muestra de ancianos institucionalizados. Se valoraron la dependencia mediante el índice de Barthel, el género, el IMC, la presencia de enfermedades crónicas y el estado nutricional mediante el Mini Nutricional Assessment (MNA). La asociación entre las distintas variables se llevó a cabo mediante la correlación de Spearman. Resultados: ciento sesenta y cuatro pacientes fueron incluidos en el estudio. Según el índice de Barthel, el 45,10% (n = 74) de los pacientes tenían una dependencia total y un 18,30% (n = 30), una dependencia moderada. Las mujeres tenían mayor riesgo de dependencia total que los hombres (p < 0,0001). Existió una relación significativa entre el nivel de dependencia y el estado nutricional: a mayor dependencia, mayor riesgo de desnutrición (p < 0,0001). Los residentes que tenían bajo peso tenían un riesgo mayor de sufrir dependencia total en un RR de 11,05 (IC 95% 4,41; 27,7). Los residentes que presentaban demencia tenían mayor dependencia (p < 0,0001). Conclusión: la mayoría de los ancianos institucionalizados presentaron algún grado de dependencia, lo que implicó un riesgo para el estado nutricional que se vio agravado si padecían demencia y bajo peso.


Subject(s)
Malnutrition/epidemiology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Body Mass Index , Dementia/complications , Female , Humans , Inpatients , Male , Nutrition Assessment , Nutritional Status , Prospective Studies , Quality of Life , Risk , Sarcopenia/epidemiology , Spain/epidemiology , Thinness/epidemiology , Weight Loss
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