Dynamics of childhood obesity in Hong Kong throughout the COVID-19 pandemic before and after the school closures: a 3-year longitudinal study.

OBJECTIVE: This study is to evaluate if there is any difference in the balance between incidence of and remission from overweight/obesity in Hong Kong school-age children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic over three years. METHODS: This is a retrospective longitudinal study that involved children aged 6-16 years from a database of the School Physical Fitness Award Scheme. RESULTS: 2765 students were longitudinally followed up for two years. The prevalence of childhood overweight/obesity was increased between the 2019 and 2021 academic years (P < 0.001). During the COVID-19 pandemic, the rate of obesity remission significantly reduced by 7.9 % (P = 0.003), at a background of a plateau of obesity among children and adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides evidence on the impact of school closure and home confinement as a standard infection control measure for the prevention of COVID-19, which are likely to break the balance between incidence of and remission from childhood obesity.

The Griffiths Development Scales-Chinese (GDS-C): A cross-cultural comparison of developmental trajectories between Chinese and British children.

BACKGROUND: The Griffiths Mental Development Scales (GMDS) are used in many countries to assess the development of children from birth to 8 years. There is a need for accurate and culturally appropriate developmental assessment tools for Chinese children. Here, we adapted the GMDS for use in Chinese children and compare the developmental trajectories between Chinese and British children. METHODS: Children with typical development were recruited from 7 urban cities in China between 2009 and 2013. The Griffiths Mental Development Scales-Chinese (GDS-C) were adapted and used to assess the development of urban Chinese children. Developmental curves were computed for 6 subscales using learning management system methods and compare against the British curves from the Griffiths Mental Development Scales-Extended Revised (GMDS-ER). RESULTS: The GDS-C were used to assess the developmental status of 815 Chinese children. Plots of the 1st, 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, 95th, and 99th percentiles, and full percentile tables were obtained, which showed similar trends to data from the British GMDS-ER. CONCLUSIONS: The Chinese developmental curves obtained from the GDS-C showed similarities and differences to the developmental curves from the British GMDS-ER. The development of urban Chinese children should be assessed with the culturally appropriate GDS-C.