ABSTRACT
A new algorithm of combined surgical treatment of cataract and glaucoma was developed. It enables selection of a proper method of pathogenically oriented antiglaucomatous intervention, decreases surgical trauma, facilitates normalization of intraocular pressure and helps stabilizing the course of the disease. Another development is a modification of combined phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy ab interno, aimed at increasing visual and hypotensive results. Clinical studies showed high hypotensive efficacy of the combined pathogenically oriented surgical treatment of cataract and primary open-angle glaucoma.
Subject(s)
Cataract Extraction , Cataract/complications , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/surgery , Intraocular Pressure/physiology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cataract/physiopathology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/complications , Glaucoma, Open-Angle/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Trabeculectomy/methods , Treatment Outcome , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
Clinical study is performed to estimate the efficacy of Oftaquix in cataract phacoemulsification with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Obtained results show that Oftaquix prescription two days before surgery allows to eliminate bacterial agents from conjunctival cavity on the day of surgery. Significant and stable antibacterial effect is demonstrated. Bacteriological study on the 19-21 day after surgery revealed bacterial growth in 6.7% of patients in experimental group and in 30% of patients in control group.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Eye Infections, Bacterial/prevention & control , Phacoemulsification/methods , Preoperative Care/methods , Surgical Wound Infection/prevention & control , Aged , Bacteria/drug effects , Bacteria/isolation & purification , Conjunctiva/microbiology , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Instillation, Drug , Middle Aged , Ophthalmic Solutions , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Results of fundus autofluorescence imaging using confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope HRA II ("Heidelberg Engeneering", Heidelberg, Germany) are presented. 106 patients with various retinal and optic nerve conditions were examined. The following conditions were diagnosed using autofluorescence imaging: early stage of age-related macular degeneration, macular hard and soft drusen, signs of retinitis pigmentosa, senile macular hole, central serous chorioretinopathy and optic disc drusen.
Subject(s)
Fluorescein Angiography , Microscopy, Confocal , Ophthalmoscopy , Retinal Diseases/diagnosis , Retinal Vessels , Adult , Aged , Early Diagnosis , Female , Fundus Oculi , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Ophthalmoscopy/methods , Ophthalmoscopy/trends , Retinal Diseases/physiopathology , Retinal Pigment Epithelium/blood supply , Retinal Pigment Epithelium/pathology , Retinal Vessels/pathology , Retinal Vessels/physiopathologySubject(s)
Macular Degeneration/etiology , Adult , Atherosclerosis/complications , Cerebrovascular Disorders/complications , Choroidal Neovascularization/complications , Humans , Hypercholesterolemia/complications , Hypertension/complications , Lipid Peroxidation , Macular Degeneration/epidemiology , Macular Degeneration/genetics , Macular Degeneration/metabolism , Middle Aged , Mutation , Oxidative Stress , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Two methods (FISH and Giemsa) were used to estimate the frequency of stable and unstable chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes exposed to gamma-irradiation in vitro in the dose range of 0.1 to 1.5 Gy. The DNA-probes specific to the chromosomes 1, 4, and 12 were used in combination with a pancentromeric probe. It was revealed that the dose-effect dependences for translocations (FISH) and dicentrics (FISH and Giemsa) were similar and could be adequately described by a linear-quadratic function.
Subject(s)
Chromosome Aberrations , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12/radiation effects , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1/radiation effects , Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4/radiation effects , Lymphocytes/radiation effects , Adult , Azure Stains , Cells, Cultured , Chi-Square Distribution , Chromosome Banding/statistics & numerical data , Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation , Female , Gamma Rays , Humans , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/statistics & numerical data , Lymphocytes/ultrastructure , Translocation, Genetic/radiation effectsABSTRACT
Cytogenetic study of 90 children suffered from the Chernobyl accident was carried out. The rate of unstable chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes was higher in groups of children whose parents took part in amelioration work after the Chernobyl accident, children evacuated from the contaminated areas and children of patients received antitumor radio- and chemotherapy as compared to nonexposed children. The increase was due mainly to single fragments. In the group of children evacuated from contaminated areas the rate of exchanges was also increased.
Subject(s)
Chromosome Aberrations/genetics , Environmental Exposure/adverse effects , Lymphocytes/radiation effects , Power Plants , Radioactive Hazard Release , Urban Population , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Environmental Exposure/statistics & numerical data , Humans , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Infant , Lymphocytes/ultrastructure , Russia , UkraineABSTRACT
Stability of genome of children born to patients after antitumor radio- and chemotherapy was studied. For this aim the peripheral lymphocytes were irradiated in vitro at doses 0, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, and 1.50 Gy of gamma-rays 137Cs, and induced chromosome aberrations on metaphases of cultivated lymphocytes were scored. The data obtained demonstrate an increased chromosomal radiosensitivity of patients' children as compared to the control children. A possible association between the chromosomal instability and the increased risk of cancer is discussed. The children prezygotically exposed to mutagenic factors are supposed to make a group of potentially increased risk of cancer.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Chromosome Aberrations , Lymphocytes/radiation effects , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects , Radiotherapy/adverse effects , Adolescent , Adult , Cells, Cultured , Child , Child, Preschool , Combined Modality Therapy , Fathers , Female , Genome, Human , Humans , Lymphocytes/ultrastructure , Male , Pregnancy , Regression AnalysisABSTRACT
Persons participated in the Chernobyl accident amelioration in the years of 1986-1987 were examined cytogenetically either in 1987 (group 1) or in 1990-1992 (group 2). The frequency of chromosome aberrations in cultured peripheral lymphocytes is found to be significantly lower in group 2 in comparison with group 1, being increased in both exposed groups as compared to the control one. The data are obtained in favour of hypothesis on chromosome instability of exposed individuals. On the base of cytogenetic data the collective dose received by amelioraters was calculated.
Subject(s)
Chromosome Aberrations , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Power Plants , Radioactive Hazard Release , Adult , Humans , Lymphocytes/radiation effects , Lymphocytes/ultrastructure , Middle Aged , Occupational Exposure/statistics & numerical data , Radiation Dosage , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors , UkraineABSTRACT
The effect of gamma radiation was studied on routine stained chromosomes from lymphocytes of children born to Hodgkin's disease patients after cancer therapy (CP) in comparison to children from healthy parents (HP). Irradiation (0, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50 Gy) of the whole blood was performed in culture medium. Metaphases were obtained from 52-h cultures. Chromosomal aberrations were used as an endpoint. Aberrations of both chromosomal and chromatid types were scored in 150-200 metaphases for estimation of spontaneous level of cytogenetic injuries and in 100 metaphases of induced one. It is found that chromosomes of CP children are more radiosensitive than chromosomes of HP ones, the spontaneous frequency of chromosome aberrations being equal in both groups.