[Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies among inactivated COVID-19 vaccine recipients, SARS-CoV-2 natural infection cases, and breakthrough cases].

Between August and September, 2021, this study included 605 SARS-CoV-2 natural infection cases and 589 SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough cases from Nanjing and Yangzhou, as well as 690 inactivated COVID-19 vaccine recipients from Changzhou, China. In SARS-CoV-2 natural infection cases, the age range was 19-91 years (median age: 66 year), and the medians(Q1,Q3) of IgG titers were 0.19 (0.06-1.31), 3.70 (0.76-69.48), 15.31 (2.59-82.16), 4.41 (0.99-31.74), 2.31 (0.75-13.83), 2.28 (0.68-9.94) and 2.80 (1.00-9.53) at one to seven weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection, respectively. In SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough cases, the age range was 18-76 years (median age: 45 year), and the medians(Q1,Q3)of IgG titers were 1.93 (0.34-26.67), 38.87 (7.90-121.0), 75.09 (11.85-123.70), 21.97 (5.20-95.58), 13.97 (3.47-46.82), 9.56 (2.48-33.38) and 4.38 (1.87-11.00) at one to seven weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection, respectively. In inactivated COVID-19 vaccine recipients, the age range was 18-87 years (median age: 47 years), and the medians(Q1,Q3)of IgG titers were 16.22 (15.84-33.42), 5.35 (2.96-13.23), 3.30 (2.18-6.18), 3.14 (1.16-5.70), 2.77 (1.50-4.52), 2.72 (1.76-4.36), 2.01 (1.27-3.51) and 1.94 (1.35-3.09) at one to eight months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, respectively. The results suggested that IgG antibodies increased gradually within two weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection, then declined gradually at three to seven weeks in SARS-CoV-2 natural infection cases. In SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough cases, IgG antibodies increased rapidly within two weeks, then declined gradually at three to seven weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Additionally, IgG antibodies decreased rapidly within three months, then decreased gradually and remained at a low level within three months after immunization.

[Five-year immunity persistence following immunization with haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine].

Objective: To evaluate the immunity persistence five years later after immunization with Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine in healthy infants/children aged 3 months to 5 years in China. Methods: The children were subjects who completed the whole-schedule immunization in the phase Ⅲ clinical trial in Lianshui county of Jiangsu povince was selected for the collection of blood samples at 5 years after vaccination from November to December, 2019. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect Hib polyribosyl-ribitol-phosphate antibody (anti-Hib-PRP), and the long-term/short-term protection rate, geometric mean concentration (GMC) and geometric mean concentration increase fold (GMFI) of serum anti-Hib-PRP were calculated. Results: A total of 580 children were enrolled in this study, of which 158, 207 and 215 belonged to 3-5 month age group, 6-11 month age group and 1-5 year age group, respectively. The short-term (≥0.15 µg/ml)/long-term (≥1.0 µg/ml) protection rates of serum anti-PRP in the three groups after immunization were 89.24%, 90.34% and 98.60%, respectively; the GMC were 3.95 µg/ml, 3.11 µg/ml and 10.01 µg/ml respectively, and the GMFI were 29.04, 11.01 and 3.26 respectively. Conclusions: Hib conjugate vaccine can still have good immunogenicity after 5 years of primary immunization in healthy infants/children aged 3 months to 5 years in China.

[Progress in research of influential factors for non- or low-immune response to hepatitis B vaccination].

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) can cause a variety of hepatitis B-related diseases in infected people, and there is no specific drug for treatment. China, with a large population base, is the country with the heaviest burden of HBV infection in the world. Therefore, hepatitis B vaccination is particularly important in the prevention and control of this disease. However, some vaccinees did not produce effective protective immune response after vaccination according to the recommended hepatitis B vaccine immunization schedule. The purpose of this review is to analyze the influential factors of non/low immune response after hepatitis B vaccination from the aspects of organism and vaccine, and explore the mechanism of non/low immune response, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B in China.

[Surgical treatment of carcinoma of the gingiva].

78 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the gum were treated in our hospital from 1964 to 1982. 54 were male and 24 female, the sex ratio was 2.3:1. The peak age ranged from 50 to 59 years. 19 (24%) patients had lesions of stages I-II and 56 (71.7%) of stage III. All the patients were treated with surgery only or radiotherapy plus surgery. In 72 treated by surgery only, the lesions of the upper and lower gingival carcinoma without regional lymph node metastasis gave 5 year survival rates of 50% and 83.3%, while those with regional lymph node metastasis gave 5 year survivals of 20% and 58.5%, respectively. The rest 6 patients receiving radiotherapy plus surgery gave a 5 year survival rate of 50%. The results indicate that the prognosis is better for the carcinoma of the lower gum without regional lymph node metastasis.

[Malignant melanoma of the head and neck--a clinical analysis of 46 patients].

46 patients with malignant melanoma of the head and neck as treated in our hospital from March 1964 to December 1981 are reported. 29 were male and 17 were female. The sex ratio ws 1.7:1. 56.5% of patients were 40-60 years old. The tumor occurred most frequently in the nasal cavity, next in the oral cavity. Lesions originating from the eye and skin in the head and neck region comprised 15.2% of cases. Melanoma of the nasal cavity and eye rarely metastasized into the cervical lymph nodes but melanoma arising from the skin of head and neck had a metastatic rate of 57.1%. 50% of melanoma of the gingiva metastasized to the neck glands. In this series, 29 patients were treated by operation. The overall 3 and 5 year survival rates of these 46 patients are 38% and 15.7%. The 3 and 5 year survival rates of those without regional lymph node metastasis are 51% and 28%. The 3 and 5 year survivals of those with regional lymph node metastasis are 13% and 0%. Other methods, such as surgery plus chemotherapy, chemotherapy alone and radiotherapy plus surgery or chemotherapy were used only in a few cases which could not be evaluated.