ß-Synuclein Intermediates α-Synuclein Neurotoxicity in Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disease in the world, and synuclein is closely related to the onset and progression of PD. Synuclein is considered a therapeutic target for PD. Recent studies have found that abnormal aggregation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) in the brains of PD patients leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation. Research in the field of neuroscience has confirmed that ß-synuclein (ß-Syn) also plays a role in Parkinson's disease. However, there has been little research on the role mechanisms and interactions between ß-Syn and α-Syn in PD. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between α-Syn, ß-Syn, and PD and to explore the roles and interactions of ß-Syn and α-Syn in PD.

Liquid-liquid phase separation regulates alpha-synuclein aggregate and mitophagy in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world, and alpha-synuclein (α-syn) abnormal aggregate and mitochondrial dysfunction play a crucial role in its pathological development. Recent studies have revealed that proteins can form condensates through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS), and LLPS has been found to be widely present in α-syn aberrant aggregate and mitophagy-related protein physiological processes. This review summarizes the occurrence of α-syn LLPS and its influencing factors, introduces the production and transformation of the related protein LLPS during PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy, hoping to provide new ideas and methods for the study of PD pathology.