Development of an Algorithm to Determine Which Costal Cartilage to Harvest.

Rib graft is a common source of cartilage in rhinoplasty. Donor site choices for this resource were identified according to the authors who presented the introduction of this technique. However, the scientific basis of this valuable method lacks information, including the anatomical properties of costal cartilage. In this study, cartilage radioanatomy is examined and tested for if any estimators are present. A total of 148 thoracal CT scans of patients who applied to our facility were analyzed. Patients were divided per their sex and age of 35, and rib cartilage dimensions, including axial length between the sternal and costal ends of the cartilage (TotL), posteroanterior diameters at the sternal end (StDia), costal end (CosDia), the thickest part (MaxDia) as diametrical parameters and vertical height at the thickest part (h) were recorded. Length of the sternum (St), the axial length of the clavicle (ClavL), the distance of the sixth rib from the anterior axillary border (AntAx), and thorax circumferences at the level of both pectoralis major muscle origin (ThC) and nipples (BrC) were recorded. Statistical analyses were done for correlations. St, ClavL, ThC, and BrC were found to have the most correlated measurements in groups with the age of 35 and less of both genders, and the relations were lost in older groups. Thorax shape may change after the age of 35 years, but in younger patients, St in females and ClavL in males can be used as estimators of cartilage amount.

Analysis of Fat Graft Survival and Platelet-Rich Plasma Effects: The Transcriptomic Differences.

INTRODUCTION: Fat graft survival has been studied numerously but has not gone beyond hypothetical solutions. The molecular changes in survival of standard fat grafts and enhanced survival by platelet-rich plasma (PRP) are compared in this study to reveal the etiology that causes the loss of fat grafts after transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A New Zealand rabbit's inguinal fat pads were excised and divided into three groups: Sham, Control (C), and PRP. Each weighing 1 g, C and PRP fat were placed into the bilateral parascapular area of the rabbit. After 30 days, the remaining fat grafts were harvested and weighed (C = 0.7 g, PRP = 0.9 g). All three specimens were put into transcriptome analysis. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Analysis were done to compare the genetic pathways between the specimens. RESULTS: Transcriptome analysis showed similar differential expressions in Sham vs. PRP and Sham vs. C comparisons, indicating the dominance of the cellular immune response in both C and PRP specimens. C and PRP comparison resulted in inhibited migration and inflammation pathways in PRP. CONCLUSION: Fat graft survival is more related to immune responses than any other physiological process. PRP enhances survival by attenuating cellular immune reactions.

Sensibility Comparison in Reduction Mammoplasties: Is Superomedial or Inferior Pedicle Better?

Background Breast reduction (BR) techniques have evolved tremendously since their introduction. However, a comparison of these techniques has yet to clarify the best choice or whether there is only one choice. This study aims to contribute to this research by retrospectively comparing the missing points of superomedial (SM) and inferior (INF) pedicle techniques. Methodology A total of 93 patients underwent surgery for gigantomastia with SM or INF. Demographic data, surgery details, and postoperative course data were obtained using the sixth-month two-point static discrimination test (TPD) of breasts. Patients were divided into SM and INF groups and statistically analyzed for differences in TPD and breast attributes, including suprasternal notch-to-nipple distance, ptosis grade, age, smoking history, parity, and body mass index. Results Intergroup analysis revealed significant differences between the SM and INF groups in TPD, with mean values of 21.03 ± 4.28 and 33.39 ± 6.91, respectively. The correlations between TPD results were tested, and only ptosis grades 2-4 and right suprasternal notch-nipple-areolar complex (NAC) distance were related. Conclusions The SM technique has better sensibility because the distance for transposition of the NAC to the newly designated position is shorter.