[Clinical study on the incidence of femoral head posterior tilt angle in non-displaced femoral neck fractures].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the occurrence of posterior femoral head tilt after clinical non-displaced femoral neck fracture, and to provide a reference basis for clinical surgery and improvement of disease prognosis. METHODS: Total of 165 patients with non-displaced femoral neck fractures of Garden typeⅠandⅡfrom January 2018 to June 2022 were selected as study subjects including 48 males and 117 females, with an average age of (71.5±8.5) years old ranging from 53 to 89, involving 97 cases of typeⅠand 68 of typeⅡ. On the patient's preoperative sagittal or axial CT film of the hip, the angle formed by the radius line of the femoral head and the midline of the femoral neck was used as the posterior tilt angle of the femoral head (α), and the posterior tilt femoral head angle was measured using the method proposed by Palm. The measured data were divided into 6 groups:α<0°, 0°<α< 5°, 5°≤α<10°, 10°≤α<15°, 15°≤α<20°, α≥20°, and the incidence of different ranges of posterior tilt angle was compared. The sex composition ratio of 165 patients were analyzed and compared, and the age of 65 was used as the cut-off point to compare the incidence of fractures between genders. Patients were divided into the posterior tilt <20° group for 135 cases and the posterior tilt ≥20°group for 30 cases according to the preoperative posterior tilt angle, the differences between two groups in terms of gender and age were analyzed. RESULTS: Among 165 patients with non-displaced femoral neck fractures, 143 cases with poaterior tilt of the femoral head occurred with an incidence of 86.7%. Posterior tilt 0°<α<5° accounted for 36 cases with an incidence of 21.8%;5°≤α<10° accounted for 40 cases with an incidence of 24.2%;10°≤α<15° accounted for 27 cases with an incidence of 16.4%;15°≤α<20° accounted for 10 cases with an incidence of 6.1%;posterior tilt angle α≥20° accounted for 30 cases, the incidence was 18.2%, of which the maximum posterior tilt angle was 42.7°. Statistical analysis showed that the percentage of fractures in the 165 patients selected for this study was significantly higher in female than in male, and that the female group was more likely to have fractures before the age of 65 years compared to the male group. However, gender, age and fracture subtypes (GardenⅠ, Ⅱ) were not influential factors for femoral neck fractures with a preoperative posterior femoral head tilt angle >20°(P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The incidence of femoral head posterior tile in non-displaced femoral neck fractures is relatively high, in which severe posterior tile occurs, and the femoral head posterior tile angle≥20° can reach 18.2%. In patients with closed reduction internal fixation, the fracture end needs to be repositioned as much as possible to reduce the risk of postoperative avascular necrosis of the femoral head. In order to prevent femoral neck fractures, special attention should be paid to anti-osteoporosis treatment for female. Preoperative assessment of posterior tilt is critical for patients of different ages, genders and fracture subtypes (GardenⅠ, Ⅱ).

An oxidized dextran-composite self-healing coated magnesium scaffold reduces apoptosis to induce bone regeneration.

Self-healing coatings have shown promise in controlling the degradation of scaffolds and addressing coating detachment issues. However, developing a self-healing coating for magnesium (Mg) possessing multiple biological functions in infectious environments remains a significant challenge. In this study, a self-healing coating was developed for magnesium scaffolds using oxidized dextran (OD), 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), and nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) doped micro-arc oxidation (MHA), named OD-MHA/Mg. The results demonstrated that the OD-MHA coating effectively addresses coating detachment issues and controls the degradation of Mg in an infectious environment through self-healing mechanisms. Furthermore, the OD-MHA/Mg scaffold exhibits antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties, it also promotes bone repair by upregulating the expression of osteogenesis genes and proteins. The findings of this study indicate that the OD-MHA coated Mg scaffold possessing multiple biological functions presents a promising approach for addressing infectious bone defects. Additionally, the study showcases the potential of polysaccharides with multiple biological functions in facilitating tissue healing even in challenging environments.

[Research progress of caput femoris posterior tilt and its impact on prognosis in nondisplaced femoral neck fractures].

There are still many unresolved problems in the treatment and prognosis of nondisplaced femoral neck fractures, such as nonunion and avascular necrosis of the caput femoris .In order to reduce the risk of various complications after non-displaced femoral neck fractures, the caput femoris posterior tilt of femoral neck fractures and its impact on prognosis have attracted more and more attention. A large number of scholars' studies have found that when the posterior tilt exceeds 20°, the risk of internal fixation failure increases significantly. Based on this concept, we can choose to use primary artificial joint replacement instead of three-screw internal fixation according to the different posterior tilt angles of patients to reduce the incidence of postoperative complications. At the same time, our analysis found that comminution of the posterior segment of the femoral neck would lead to an increase in the posterior inclination angles. The purpose of this review was to investigate the relationship between caput femoris posterior tilt of femoral neck fractures and surgical outcome, and to introduce a new method for measuring caput femoris posterior tilt of the femoral neck.

Peppermint extract improves egg production and quality, increases antioxidant capacity, and alters cecal microbiota in late-phase laying hens.

Introduction: Peppermint contains substantial bioactive ingredients belonging to the phytoestrogens, and its effects on the production of late-laying hens deserve more attention. This study evaluated the effects of dietary peppermint extract (PE) supplementation on egg production and quality, yolk fatty acid composition, antioxidant capacity, and cecal microbiota in late-phase laying hens. Method: PE powder was identified by UPLC-MS/MS analysis. Two hundred and sixteen laying hens (60 weeks old) were randomly assigned to four treatments, each for 28 days: (i) basal diet (control group, CON); (ii) basal diet + 0.1% PE; (iii) basal diet + 0.2% PE; and (iv) basal diet + 0.4% PE. Egg, serum, and cecal samples were collected for analysis. Results: Dietary PE supplementation increased the laying rate, serum triglyceride, immunoglobulin G, and total antioxidant capacity, while 0.2 and 0.4% PE supplementation increased eggshell thickness, serum total protein level, and superoxide dismutase activity of laying hens compared with the CON group (P < 0.05). PE addition in diets increased the C14:0, C18:3n3, C18:3n6, C23:0, C24:0, and C24:1n9 contents in the yolk. In addition, the egg yolk saturated fatty acid content was higher (P < 0.05) in the 0.2 and 0.4% PE groups compared with the CON and 0.1% PE groups. The microbiota analysis revealed that the cecal phylum Proteobacteria was decreased (P < 0.05) in the PE-supplemented groups. A total of 0.4% PE supplementation increased the cecal richness of gram-positive bacteria and decreased the richness of gram-negative and potentially pathogenic bacteria compared with the 0.1% PE group (P < 0.05). Microbial function prediction analysis showed that the cecal microbiota of the PE group was mainly enriched by fatty acid degradation, fatty acid metabolism, amino sugar metabolism, nucleotide sugar metabolism, and other pathways. Regression analysis suggested that 0.28-0.36% PE supplementation was the optimal level for improving egg production and quality, antioxidant capacity, and yolk fatty acid in late-phase laying hens. Discussion: Dietary PE supplementation improved egg production and quality (including yolk fatty acid composition) by increasing serum IgG and antioxidant capacity and modulating the intestinal microbiota in late-phase laying hens.