[The association of cholesterol crystals and non-culprit plaque characteristics in AMI patients: an OCT study].

Objective: To analyze plaque characteristics of non-culprit coronary lesions with cholesterol crystals in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) by using optical coherence tomography(OCT). We also investigated the potential association between cholesterol crystals with plaque rupture and healed plaque at non-culprit segment. Methods: This study was a retrospective cohort study. Between January 2017 and December 2017, patients with AMI who underwent 3-vessel OCT imaging were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of cholesterol crystals at the non-culprit lesions. All patients underwent coronary angiography and OCT examination, and non-culprit plaque characteristics were compared between the two groups. The generalized estimating equation log-binomial multirariate regression model was used to assess the relationship between non-culprit lesions with cholesterol crystals and plaque rupture and plaque healing. The follow-up data collection ended in October 2023. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted, and log-rank tests were used to compare the cumulative incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events between the two groups. Results: A total of 173 AMI patients were included (aged (56.8±11.6) years; 124 men (71.7%)). Among 710 non-culprit lesions identified by OCT, there were 102 (14.4%) in cholesterol crystals group and 608 (85.6%) in non-cholesterol crystals group. Compared with non-culprit lesions without cholesterol crystals, those with cholesterol crystals had smaller minimum lumen diameter, severer diameter stenosis, and longer lesion length (all P<0.01). The prevalence of plaque rupture (17.6% (18/102) vs. 4.9% (30/608), P=0.001) and thin-cap fibroatheroma (31.4% (32/102) vs. 11.5% (70/608), P<0.01) was higher in the cholesterol crystals groups than in the non-cholesterol crystals group. In addition, vulnerable plaque characteristics such as (44.1% (45/102) vs. 25.8% (157/608), P<0.01), macrophages were more frequently observed in non-culprit lesions with cholesterol crystals. The generalized estimating equation log-binomial multivariate regression analyses showed that non-culprit cholesterol crystals were positively correlated with healed plaque (OR=1.583, 95%CI: 1.004-2.495, P=0.048). Conversely, cholesterol crystals were not associated with plaque rupture (OR=1.632, 95%CI: 0.745-3.576, P=0.221). The follow-up time was 2 142 (1 880, 2 198) days. Non-culprit cholesterol crystals were not related to the major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with AMI (log-rank P=0.558). Conclusions: Among AMI patients, non-culprit lesions with cholesterol crystals presented with severer luminal stenosis and increased plaque vulnerability. The presence of non-culprit cholesterol crystals was associated with rather than plaque rupture.

[Clinical analysis of 80 patients with oblique vaginal septum syndrome].

Objective: To investigate the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of oblique vaginal septum syndrome (OVSS). Methods: The clinical data of 80 patients with OVSS admitted to The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from July 2005 to July 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the classification system of OVSS proposed by Female Genital Anomalies Study Group, Chinese Obstetricians and Gynecologists Association in 2021, the patients were divided into four groups. The clinical manifestations, accompanied urinary system abnormalities, diagnosis and treatment methods and treatment outcomes were observed. Results: According to the above classification system, among the 80 patients with OVSS, 35 patients (44%, 35/80) were categorized as type Ⅰ, 33 patients (41%, 33/80) were categorized as type Ⅱ, 2 patients (3%, 2/80) were categorized as type Ⅲ and 10 patients (13%, 10/80) were categorized as type Ⅳ. The main onset symptom of patients was periodic abdominal pain (70%, 56/80), vaginal bleeding (20%, 16/80), dysuria or fecal impaction (15%, 12/80), vaginal mucopurulent discharge (10%, 8/80). The morbidity of combined urinary system abnormalities was 88% (70/80), and the most common urinary system abnormality was ipsilateral renal agenesis (81%, 65/80). Bilateral kidneys were normal in 13% (10/80) patients, and 6% (5/80) were combined with other urinary system abnormalities. A total of 74 patients underwent vaginal oblique septectomy or septum excision. Five of the 10 patients with type Ⅳ underwent hysterectomy on the cervical atresia side, 4 patients received hysteroscopy combined with cervicoplasty+oblique septotomy or septum excision, and one patient selected delayed menstruation. Two patients underwent laparoscopic resection of the dysplasia kidney and ectopic ureter which opening to the vagina. Eleven patients with endometriosis cyst, hydrosalpinx or empyema underwent laparoscopic surgery. Conclusions: The main symptom of type Ⅰ and Ⅳ patients is abdominal pain, while the main symptom of type Ⅱ and Ⅲ patients is bleeding. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has advantages in the evaluation of complex OVSS, and MRI is recommended before operation to exclude other axial reproductive tract dysplasia and complex urinary system dysplasia. If there is leakage of urine, vaginal discharge or complex deformity, it is necessary to multidisciplinary discussion and formulate a reasonable surgical plan. The first treatment is related to the prognosis of patients especially children, and should be highly valued.

[Evaluation of the efficacy of medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy combined with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the treatment of varus knee osteoarthritis with anterior cruciate ligament injury].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) combined with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in the treatment of varus knee osteoarthritis (OA) with ACL injury. Methods: A follow-up study. The study retrospectively analyzed the patients underwent MOWHTO combined with ACL reconstruction for treatment of varus knee OA with ACL injury in Tianjin Hospital between April 2018 and September 2022. The preoperative and postoperative posterior slope angle (PSA), hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA), visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, Lysholm score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score, and Tegner score were compared. The follow-up indicators were recorded at 6 weeks, 3 months and 1 year after operation, and the complications were recorded. Results: The study included 32 patients (23 males, 9 females) with a mean age of (50.7±8.4) years. The mean follow-up time was (21.2±4.8) months. PSA increased from 9.2°±1.8° preoperatively to 11.1°±2.4° postoperatively, and HKA increased from 168.7°±2.2° to 181.5°±2.2° (both P<0.01). The indicators such as VAS score (6.8±1.1 vs 1.8±0.4), Lysholm score (52.6±7.1 vs 82.0±6.4), IKDC score (64.7±6.2 vs 80.3±10.0), WOMAC score (51.8±6.3 vs 81.8±6.5), and Tegner score (1.9±0.6 vs 5.0±1.0) were all improved after the operation (all P<0.01). Complications occurred in 5 patients (15.6%), including hematomas, sensory abnormalities, intermuscular vein thrombosis and correction angle loss. Conclusion: MOWHTO combined with ACL reconstruction is a safe and effective approach for the treatment of varus knee OA with ACL injury.

[Use of the ETV6/RUNX1 probe to verify the performance of the fluorescence in situ hybridization probe before clinical detection].

Objective: To explore the standardized performance of a FISH probe before clinical detection. Methods: The probe sensitivity and specificity of ETV6/RUNX1 were analyzed via interphase and metaphase FISH in 20 discarded healthy bone marrow samples. The threshold system of the probe was established using an inverse beta distribution, and an interpretation standard was established. Finally, a parallel-controlled polymerase chain reaction detection study was conducted on 286 bone marrow samples from patients at our hospital. The clinical sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic coincidence rate of ETV6/RUNX1 FISH detection were analyzed, and the diagnostic consistency of the two methods was analyzed by the kappa test. Results: The probe sensitivity and specificity of the ETV6/RUNX1 probe were 98.47% and 100%, respectively. When 50, 100, and 200 cells were counted, the typical positive signal pattern cutoffs were 5.81%, 2.95%, and 1.49%, respectively, and the atypical positive signal pattern cutoffs were 13.98%, 9.75%, and 6.26%, respectively. The clinical sensitivity of FISH was 96.1%, clinical specificity was 99.6%, diagnostic coincidence rate was 99.00%, diagnostic consistency test kappa value was 0.964, and P value was <0.001. Conclusion: For FISH probes without a national medical device registration certificate, standardized performance verification and methodology performance verification can be performed using laboratory developed test verification standards to ensure a reliable and accurate reference basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

[Current status and prospects for the application of robot-assisted spine surgery].

Traditional spine surgery frequently encounters difficulties with inadequate surgical visualization and high risk.Robot-assisted spine surgery is quickly evolving,particularly in screw placement,providing three-dimensional imaging and precise positioning to optimize the surgical process. Robot-assisted systems can increase surgical precision,reduce operating time and radiation exposure,and improve patient prognosis. They also have strong image recognition and analysis capabilities,reducing intraoperative instability and fatigue and allowing remote manipulation.While robot-assisted spine surgery has demonstrated noteworthy advantages in regards to screw placement accuracy and reduced radiation exposure,its effects on operative time remain subject to debate,with cost being a significant hindrance to widespread implementation.Long-term clinical validation and studies of outcomes are necessary for the extensive use of robotic-assisted spine surgery.Future priorities include the enhancement of surgical navigation and imaging,integration of artificial intelligence,improvement of telesurgical capabilities,expansion of robotic functionality,and the development of policy guidance and clinical guidelines to accompany the growth of technology.Robot-assisted spine surgery enhances accuracy and safety,and is anticipated to assume an increasingly crucial role in spine surgery as technology advances and becomes more widely available.

[Genome-wide Mendelian randomization study of the pathogenic role of gut microbiota in benign biliary tract diseases].

Objective: To investigate the causal relationship between intestinal flora and benign biliary diseases by genome-wide Mendelian randomization. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study. The data from the genome-wide association study of the gut microbiota from 18 340 samples from the MiBioGen consortium were selected as the exposure group,and the data from the genome-wide association study of biliary tract diseases were obtained from the FinnGen consortium R8 as the outcome group. There were 1 491 cases of primary sclerosing cholangitis,32 894 cases of cholelithiasis,3 770 cases of acalculous cholecystitis,and 34 461 cases of cholecystitis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were screened as instrumental variables,and the Mendelian randomization method was used to infer the causal relationship between exposures and outcomes. The inverse variance weighting method (IVW) was used as the main basis, supplemented by heterogeneity,pleiotropy and sensitivity tests. Results: Coprococcus 2 was associated with a reduced risk of cholelithiasis (IVW OR=0.88,95%CI:0.80 to 0.97,P=0.012) and cholecystitis (IVW OR=0.88,95%CI:0.80 to 0.97,P=0.011). Coprococcus 3 was associated with cholelithiasis (IVW OR=1.15,95%CI:1.02 to 1.30,P=0.019) and acalculous cholecystitis(IVW OR=1.48, 95%CI: 1.08 to 2.04,P=0.016) and cholecystitis (IVW OR=1.17, 95%CI: 1.02 to 1.33, P=0.020). Peptococcus was associated with an increased risk of cholelithiasis (IVW OR=1.08, 95%CI:1.02 to 1.13, P=0.005) and cholecystitis (IVW CI=1.07, 95%CI:1.02 to 1.13,P=0.010). Clostridiumsensustricto 1 was associated with an increased risk of cholelithiasis (IVW OR=1.16,95%CI:1.02 to 1.31, P=0.020) and cholecystitis (IVW OR=1.16, 95%CI:1.03 to 1.30, P=0.015). Eubacterium hallii was associated with an increased risk of primary sclerosing cholangitis (IVW OR=1.43, 95%CI: 1.03 to 1.99, P=0.033). Eubacterium ruminantium (IVW OR=0.87, 95%CI: 0.76 to 1.00, P=0.043) and Methanobrevibacter (IVW OR=0.81, 95%CI: 0.68 to 0.98, P=0.027) were associated with a reduced risk of acalculous cholecystitis. Conclusions: Eight intestinal bacterial genera maybe play pathogenic roles in benign biliary diseases. Eubacterium hallii can increase the risk of primary sclerosing cholangitis. Peptococcus and Clostridiumsensustricto 1 can increase the risk of cholelithiasis and generalized cholecystitis. Coprococcus 3 have multiple correlations with biliary stones and inflammation.

[Epidemiological characteristics and analysis of related infection risk factors for influenza in Anhui Province from 2013 to 2021].

Objective: Analysis of the characteristics of influenza epidemic in Anhui Province and quantification of the impact of different factors on influenza occurrence, providing scientific basis for better influenza prevention and control. Methods: Descriptive analysis and factor analysis were conducted on influenza-like illness (ILI) cases and RT-PCR results in Anhui Province from 2013 to 2021 using data from China's Influenza Monitoring Information System. Results: The percentage of influenza-like illness (ILI%) of sentinel hospitals in Anhui Province from April 1, 2013 to March 31, 2021 was 3.80% (1 209 142/31 779 987), showing an overall increasing trend, with a relatively high proportion in 2017-2018 at 4.30% (191 148/4 448 211). The proportion of ILI cases in infants and young children aged 0-4 years was a relatively high at 54.14% (654 676/1 209 142), and the highest ILI% was observed in Fuyang City, Anhui Province (6.25%, 236 863/3 788 863). Laboratory monitoring results showed that the positive rate of ILI cases in sentinel hospitals in 8 influenza monitoring years was 16.38% (34 868/212 912), showing an increasing trend year by year, with a relatively proportion in 2017-2018 at 26.19% (6 936/26 488). The detection rate of school-age children aged 5-14 years was a relativelyhigh at 28.81% (13 869/48 144), and the positive rate was a relatively high in Wuhu City among the 16 cities, reaching 22.01% (2 693/122 237). Influenza activity showed a single peak in winter-spring and alternating double peaks in winter-spring and summer, with different subtypes alternating, and A (H3N2) was the dominant subtype in summer. The results of a multiple logistic regression model showed that the positive rate was higher in 2017-2018, among children aged 5-14 years, in winter, and in southern Anhui. Conclusions: Influenza epidemic in Anhui Province has a clear seasonal pattern, and the ILI% and detection rate have shown an upward trend from 2013 to 2021. Therefore, it is suggested to ensure vaccine supply before the winter-spring influenza season arrives, and to strengthen vaccine uptake and health education to avoid the risk of infection during the peak period of influenza.

[Expression and clinical significance of circRNA cSMARCA5 in patients with acute myocardial infarction].

Objective: To investigate the expression level and clinical significance of cSMARCA5 in the patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: This study was a case-control study. A total of 100 patients with AMI and 100 patients without coronary heart disease who received treatment in the Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital from September to December 2021 were included in the study according to the principle of 1∶1 frequency matching. The expression levels of cSMARCA5 in the peripheral blood of AMI patients and control groups were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to calculate the diagnostic ability of cSMARCA5 for AMI. Spearman or Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between cSMARCA5 and the degree of myocardial necrosis, coronary lesion severity and GRACE risk stratification score. Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the possible mechanism of cSMARCA5 in pathological changes of AMI. Results: The age [M (Q1,Q3)] of AMI patients and control group was 63.0 (56.0, 71.5) and 63.0 (53.0, 75.5) (P=0.622), and the proportion of males was 75.0% (75 cases) and 46.0% (46 cases) (P<0.001), respectively. The expression level [M (Q1,Q3)] of cSMARCA5 was significantly lower in AMI patients compared with the control group [0.37 (0.22, 0.73) vs 1.03(0.71, 1.75), P<0.001]. ROC analysis showed that the area under the curve of cSMARCA5 in diagnosing AMI was 0.83 (95%CI: 0.77-0.89, P<0.001), with a sensitivity of 89.0% and specificity of 67.7%. cSMARCA5 was negatively correlated with creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (r=-0.203, P=0.041), troponin T (r=-0.230, P=0.023) and N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide precursor (r=-0.250, P=0.012), and positively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (r=0.201, P=0.042). In addition, the expression level of cSMARCA5 was negatively correlated with SYNTAX score (r=-0.196, P=0.048) and GRACE risk score (r=-0.321, P=0.001). Bioinformatic analysis suggested that cSMARCA5 might be involved in the process of AMI through regulating the gene expression of tumor necrosis factor. Conclusions: The expression of cSMARCA5 is significantly decreased in peripheral blood of AMI patients compared with control group, and its expression level is negatively correlated with the severity of myocardial infarction. cSMARCA5 is expected to be a potential biomarker of AMI.

[Inhibition of receptor-interacting protein 3 improves experimental autoimmune hepatitis].

Objective: To evaluate the potential of receptor-interacting protein 3 (RIP3) as a therapeutic target for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Methods: Immunofluorescence assay was used to observe the activated expression levels of RIP3 and its downstream signal mixed lineage protein kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) in the liver tissues of patients with AIH and hepatic cyst. Concanavalin A (ConA) was injected into the tail vein to induce acute immune-mediated hepatitis in mice. Intervention was performed by intraperitoneal injection of RIP3 inhibitor GSK872 or solvent carrier. Peripheral blood and liver tissues were collected. Serum transaminases level, qPCR and flow cytometry were analyzed. The intergroup comparison was performed with an independent sample t-test. Results: The expression level of p-RIP3 (the activated forms of RIP3) and phosphorylated p-MLKL (MLKL after phosphorylation) downstream signal were significantly higher in the liver tissue of AIH patients than those of controls. Compared with the control group, the expression levels of RIP3 and MLKL mRNA were significantly increased in the liver tissue of AIH patients (relative expression levels 3.28±0.29 vs. 0.98±0.09, 4.55±0.51 vs. 1.06±0.11), and the differences were statistically significant (t=6.71 and 6.77, respectively, and P<0.01). The expression levels of RIP3 and MLKL mRNA were significantly higher in the mice liver tissue of ConA-induced immune hepatitis than those in the control group (relative expression levels 2.35±0.09 vs. 0.89±0.11,2.77±0.22 vs. 0.73±0.16,t=10.4,6.33, P<0.01). RIP3 inhibitor GSK872 had significantly attenuated ConA-induced immune liver injury and inhibited the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-1ß and NLRP3 in liver. Compared with the control group, the proportions of CD45+F4/80+ macrophages, CD4+ IL-17+ Th17 cells, CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and CD11b+ Gr-1+ myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were significantly increased in the liver of ConA + Vehicle group. Compared with ConA + Vehicle group, the proportion of CD45+F4/80+ macrophages and CD4+ IL-17+ Th17 cells were significantly decreased, while the proportion of CD4+ CD25+Treg cells and CD11b+ Gr-1+ MDSCs with immunomodulatory functions were significantly increased in mice liver of ConA+GSK872 group. Conclusion: AIH patients and ConA-induced immune hepatitis mice have activated RIP3 signal in liver tissues. Inhibition of RIP3 reduces the expression and proportion of proinflammatory factors and cells, and promotes the accumulation of CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells and CD11b+ Gr-1+ MDSCs with immunomodulatory functions in the liver of mice with immune hepatitis, thereby alleviating liver inflammation and injury. Therefore, the inhibition of RIP3 is expected to be a new approach for the treatment of AIH.

[Analysis of correlation factors of hyponatremia in elderly patients with hip fracture during perioperative period].

Objective: To examine the risk factors of hyponatremia during perioperative period for elderly hip fracture patients. Methods: Clinical data of 1 001 patients with hip fracture over 60 years old who received surgical treatment at Department of Orthopedics,Seventh Medical Center,People's Liberation Army General Hospital from January 2012 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 327 males and 674 females with a median age of 81 years (range: 60 to 104 years).There were 584 cases(58.34%) intertrochanteric fractures and 417 cases(41.65%) femoral neck fractures.Hyponatremia was defined as serum sodium concentration <135 mmol/L,and patients were divided into admission hyponatremia and postoperative hyponatremia according to the occurrence time of hyponatremia.Postoperative hyponatremia was divided into early postoperative hyponatremia (within 24 hours after surgery) and discharge hyponatremia (within 48 hours before discharge or death).Patients with hyponatremia can be divided into three types according to their condition changes:persistent hyponatremia,transient hyponatremia (hyponatremia on admission,but normal blood sodium after operation),and new postoperative hyponatremia (normal blood sodium on admission,hyponatremia after operation).The incidence rate,occurrence time and type of perioperative hyponatremia in elderly patients with hip fracture were analyzed,and univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the related factors of admission and postoperative hyponatremia. Results: Among 1 001 patients,126 patients (12.69%,126/1 001) had hyponatremia on admission,161 patients (16.3%,161/987) had hyponatremia after operation,140 patients (14.6%,140/960) had early postoperative hyponatremia,128 patients (14.0%,128/916) had discharge hyponatremia.Among the 916 patients with complete perioperative blood sodium concentration data,52 patients(5.7%) had persistent hyponatremia,64 patients(7.0%) had transient hyponatremia.Seventy-seven patients(8.4%) had new onset hyponatremia.Univariate analysis showed that age,male,intertrochanteric fracture of femur,white blood cell count,hemoglobin and albumin level were correlated with hyponatremia at admission (all P≤0.05). Hyponatremia at admission,dementia,and general anesthesia were associated with postoperative hyponatremia.Multivariate analysis showed that male(OR=1.788,95%CI:1.196 to 2.674,P=0.005) and white blood cell count(OR=1.116,95%CI:1.041 to 1.195,P=0.002) were independent risk factors for admission hyponatraemia,and albumin level(OR=0.932,95%CI:0.891 to 0.982,P=0.004) were protective factors, admission hyponatremia (OR=6.481,95%CI:4.125 to 10.182,P<0.01) was an independent risk factor for postoperative hyponatremia,while general anesthesia (OR=0.614,95%CI:0.383 to 0.986,P=0.044) was a protective factor. Conclusions: The incidence of hyponatremia in elderly hip fracture patients is high.Male and high level of white blood cell counts are independent risk factors for admission hyponatremia.High level of albumin is a protective factor for admission hyponatremia.Admission hyponatremia is an independent risk factor for postoperative hyponatremia,and general anesthesia is a protective factor for postoperative hyponatremia.

[Buddhist Medicine at Putuo Mountain since the late Qing Dynasty].

The Putuo Mountain, as one of the four famous Buddhist mountains in China, has a long history with Buddhist medicine. Buddhist medicine at Putuo Mountain was developed extensively in the late Qing Dynasty and was shaped with a variety of characteristics resulting in some great achievements. Hua Yu Tang, as a Chinese medicine clinic, was established by the Fa Yu Temple at the end of the Qing Dynasty. After that, Yi De Ji was written by Xin Chan, a Buddhist physician. Some medical hospitals, such as Pu Ji Hospital, and drug stores were also opened to serve people, and commonly did charity when there were epidemic or natural hazard outbreaks.Buddhist medicine was almost bogged down after the establishment of the New China. It has been well developed, however, since the 80s last century, through processes such as the operation of hospitals funded by Buddhist Associations and helping people in trouble in epidemic and natural hazard.The review of the Buddhist medicine at Putuo Mountain is meaningful to understand the significance of Buddhist medicine and also helpful to inherit traditional cultures.

[Two kinds of lateral retinacular release for lateral patellar compression syndrome:a retrospective comparative study].

Objective: To compare the clinical effects of arthroscopic lateral retinacular proximal release and "L" type release for lateral patellar compression syndrome. Methods: Sixty four lateral patellar compression syndrome (LPCS) patients were recruited who had arthroscopic surgery during September 2004 to January 2019 at Department of Sports Medicine,Peking University Third Hospital by the same group of doctors and a retrospective comparative study was conducted accordingly. Among them,24 cases underwent the traditional proximal release of lateral patellar retinaculum (traditional group),including 7 males and 17 females with an age of (42.9±14.6)years(range:23 to 72 years); 40 cases were treated with novel lateral retinacular release of "L" type release revised based on the previous experiences (novel group), consisting of 12 males and 28 females with an age of (54.9±13.1) years (range:28 to 76 years).All the patients participated surveys for the visual analogue scale (VAS),Lysholm score and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) knee function subjective evaluation before and after the operation. The comparison of scores within groups was performed by Wilcoxon test,and comparison between groups was performed by Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square test. Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the related factors affecting each score. Results: The follow-up durations of traditional group and novel group were (12.6±1.0) years (range:11.7 to 15.3 years) and (2.2±1.0)years(range:1.0 to 4.4 years) respectively. At the last follow-up,VAS(0(1.0)to 6.0(2.0),Z=-5.471,P<0.01),Lysholm score(98.0(10.0)to 48.0(40.0),Z=-5.511,P<0.01),and IKDC score(82.8(11.2)to 37.4(18.5),Z=-5.444,P<0.01) in novel group were statistically significantly improved,and the postoperative excellent rate of Lysholm score was 97.5% in general. There was no significant difference in the changes of the three scores (P>0.05) between the traditional group and the novel group. However,20.8% (5/24)patients in the traditional group reported significant weakness of the knee extension after surgery,while no such complain was received in the novel group (P<0.01).The results of univariate analysis showed that surgical method was a related factor affecting the changes of VAS before and after surgery (P<0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that whether or not with osteoarthritis and operation type were independent factors affecting the changes of Lysholm and IKDC scores (P<0.05). Conclusions: The long-term effect of arthroscopic lateral retinacular release for the treatment of LPCS is satisfactory. Compared with the traditional proximal release surgery,the "L" type release can effectively avoid the complication of significant weakness of the knee extension significantly.

[Clinical significance of hyponatremia in hip fracture in elderly patients].

Objective: To investigate the outcome of hip fracture patients associated with hyponatremia. Methods: From January 2012 to December 2016, the data of 1 001 elderly patients with hip fracture treated in the Seventh Medical Center of PLA General Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. According to the level of serum sodium, the patients were divided into hyponatremia group (sodium<135 mmol/L) and non-hyponatremia group (sodium≥135 mmol/L), in which≥130-135 mmol/L was mild hyponatremia, ≥125-130 mmol/L was moderate hyponatremia, and<125 mmol/L was severe hyponatremia. The length of hospital stay, incidence of complications and mortality were compared between patient with hyponatremia and without; and the above three indexes between patients with mild hyponatremia and moderate severe hyponatremia were also analyzed. Results: There were 126 patients with hyponatremia, including 98 with mild hyponatremia (9.8%, 98/1 001), 18 with moderate hyponatremia (1.8%, 18/1 001), and 10 with severe hyponatremia (1.0%, 10/1001); of those patients, there were 53 males and 73 females, aged 82(78, 87) years. There were 875 patients in non-hyponatremia group, including 274 males and 601 females, and aged 81(75, 85) years. The mortality of 30 days, 1 year and overall were 9.5% (12/126), 26.2% (33/126) and 40.5% (51/126) in hyponatremia group, 3.5% (31/875), 14.2% (124/875) and 27.7% (242/875) in non-hyponatremia group, respectively; the differences between the two groups were all statistically significant (χ2=9.583, 12.031, 9.839, all P<0.05). After adjusting the age, sex, fracture type and coexisting diseases, hyponatremia was an independent risk factor for 30 days, 1 year and overall mortality, the OR(95%CI) was 2.744(1.331-5.654), 1.975(1.251-3.119), 1.637(1.099-2.440), respectively (all P<0.05). The 30 days, 1 year and overall mortality for mild hyponatremia were 6.1%, 24.5% and 37.8%, respectively; and those were 21.4%, 32.1% and 50.0% in patients with moderate and severe hyponatremia, respectively; only the difference for 30 days mortality was statistically different between two groups (χ²=4.278, P=0.039). The length of hospital stay for mild hyponatremia patients were 11 (9,16) d, and it was 12(10,18) d in patients with moderate and severe hyponatremia patients, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (Z=1.613, P=0.107). The incidence of complications was 22.9% (200/875) in non-hyponatremia group and 32.5%(41/126) in hyponatremia group, and there was significant difference between the two groups (χ²=5.649, P=0.017). Conclusions: Compared with non-hyponatremia, patients with hyponatremia have higher incidence of perioperative complications, longer hospital stay and higher mortality. With the increasing degree of hyponatremia, the above indicators tend to be serious.

[Analysis of complications after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy].

Objective: To analyze the incidence of recent complications in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee (OA) after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy(MOWHTO) and its influence on clinical effect. Methods: The clinical data of 131 patients with knee OA who received MOWHTO at Department of Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy,Tianjin Hospital from April 2017 to September 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 75 males and 56 females, aged (62.8±5.1) years (range:48 to 70 years). Complications and clinical outcomes of patients were recorded and the proximal medial angle of tibia (MPTA), the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC), the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities(WOMAC) Osteoarthritis Index and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome score(KOOS) were collected before and 1 year after operation and compared between complication group and non-complication group. Data were analyzed by paired-samples t test, independent samples t test and χ(2) test. Results: The follow-up time was (18.5±3.4) months (range:13 to 22 months). Complications occurred in 22 patients(16.8%), including 8 cases(6.1%) of hematoma, 5 cases(3.8%) of neurosensory abnormality, 4 cases(3.1%) of intramuscular venous thrombosis, 2 cases(1.5%) of deep venous thrombosis, 3 cases(2.3%) of loss of correction angle, 3 cases(2.3%) of superficial infection, 2 cases(1.5%) of deep infection, 2 cases(1.5%) of delayed union of fracture, 1 case(0.8%) of postoperative stiffness, 1 case (0.8%) of hinge point cortex fracture. There were no significant difference in MPTA ((86.5±2.0)° vs. (86.7±2.1)°, t=-0.41, P=0.68) , IKDC ((86.4±4.8) vs.(85.5±6.9), t=0.74, P=0.50) , WOMAC ((87.7±6.5) vs. (86.1±5.8), t=1.16, P=0.25). There were no significant difference in knee scores except for the KOOS pain score ((79.4±4.4) vs. (87.2±5.9), t=-5.90, P<0.01) and sports and recreation score ((83.2±3.0) vs. (88.0±4.7), t=-6.14, P<0.01) . Conclusion: Short-term complications of MOWHTO can be managed appropriately through early diagnosis and individualized treatment and have no significant negative effect on knee function recovery of patients.

[Cytogenetic test and clinical study on cryptic acute promyelocytic leukemia with ins (15; 17)].

Objective: To investigate the genetic screening methods for cryptic acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) to further explore its clinical prognosis. Methods: From June 2016 to November 2018, we collected 373 newly diagnosed APL cases. The patients were retrospected by the results of PML-RARα detections both by RT-PCR and i-FISH, those who harbored positive PML-RARα detection by RT-PCR and negative by i-FISH were chosen. Metaphase FISH and Sanger sequencing were further performed to verify these results. Results: A total of 7 cryptic APL cases were discovered. These cases had tiny fragment of RARα inserted into PML in chromosome 15, formed ins (15;17) . The 7 cryptic APL cases had no PML-RARα gene subtype specificity, involving 5 cases in L subtype, 1 case in S subtype and 1 case in V subtype respectively. After the treatment of retinoic acid and arsenic or anthracyclines, 6 cases achieved complete remission, 1 case died of intracranial hemorrhage on the 6th day of therapy. Conclusion: The size and covering position of PML-RARα probe should be taken into account when PML-RARα was performed by FISH on APL patients. Furthermore, combination with Metaphase FISH could improve the recognition of cryptic APL. There were no differences between the cryptic and common APL patients in terms of clinical features and treatment choices. Cryptic APL patients also had a good response to the therapy of retinoic acid and arsenic or anthracyclines.

[Myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms with eosinophilia and FGFR1 rearrangement: 5 cases report and literatures review].

Objective: To investigate the clinic-pathological features, diagnosis and treatment of 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS) . Methods: Five patients diagnosed as EMS from Jan 2014 to May 2018 at Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were enrolled. The clinical manifestations, laboratory characteristics, treatment and outcome of these patients were summarized. Results: The peripheral blood leukocyte count of 5 patients with EMS increased significantly, accompanied with an elevated absolute eosinophils value (the average as 18.89×10(9)/L) . The hypercellularity of myeloid cells was common in bone marrow, always with the elevated proportion of eosinophils (the average as 17.24%) , but less than 5% of blast cells. The chromosome karyotype of the 5 cases differed from each other, but presenting with the same rearrangement of FGFR1 gene by fluorescence in situ hybridization technology. The average interval between onset and diagnosis was 4.8 months with a median survival of only 14 months. Conclusion: EMS was a rare hematologic malignancy with poor prognosis and short survival. It was commonly to be misdiagnosed. Analysis of cytogenetics and molecular biology were helpful for early diagnosis.

Scale-Dependent Waylaying Effect of Pollinators and Pollination of Mass-Flowering Plants.

Pollinators foraging for food resources can be waylaid by mass-flowering plants located in their foraging pathway in landscapes. The waylaying effect of pollinators is often studied at a single spatial scale; to date, little is known about the best spatial extent at which waylaying effect of pollinators can be measured. In this study, we selected a landscape with mass-flowering tufted vetches to determine the spatial scale of waylaying effect of honey bees as well as the consequence of waylaying effect on vetch pollination service. The spatial scale of waylaying effect was determined by the strongest association between honey bee density and distance, selected from a gradient of nested circular buffers centering on apiaries in three different locations. Linear models were used to predict the influence of flower visitor densities on pollination service. For our landscape, honey bee densities were best associated with distances at spatial scales of 500 m, 1150 m, and 1400 m respectively for the three locations of apiaries. Honey bee was the only pollinator whose density displayed a positive relationship with pollination service. At the scales of effect, honey bee density and pollination service declined along the distance. Our findings suggest that the waylaying effect of pollinators needs to be examined at a specific spatial scale and farmers who use honey bees to pollinate their mass-flowering crops need to consider the spatial scale of waylaying effect of pollinators in order to maximize pollination service within agricultural ecosystems.

[The diagnosis and treatment of traumatic optic nerve neuropathy combined with carotid artery injury].

Objective: To discuss the diagnosis and treatment strategy of traumatic optic nerve neuropathy (TON) combined with carotid artery injury. Methods: Retrospective analyses were performed 397 cases of TON at Neurosurgery department of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University (CMU), from January 2016 to December 2017.The clinical experience was concluded. Results: 9 cases of Traumatic Pseudo Aneurysm (TPA) and 16 cases of Traumatic Carotid Artery-Cavernous Sinus Fistula (TCCF) were found.7 cases of TPA were treated by covered stent, the other 2 cases were treated by detachable balloons.11 cases of TCCF were treated by detachable balloons, and 5 cases of fistulas were found spontaneously closed by DSA after 1-3 months.There was no disability rate and mortality in this study. Conclusion: TON combined with carotid artery injury was a critical situation, and sometime without obvious symptoms and sign, which was easily miss diagnosed.It should be with more concern in diagnosing and treating in such cases, to avoid disability rate and mortality.

[Study on the negative regulation of TIPE2 from peripheral blood mononuclear cells on tissue factor in patients with bronchial asthma].

Objective: To investigate the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha-inducible protein 8 like-2 (TIPE2) and tissue factor (TF) in patients with bronchial asthma. And to explore the regulation of TIPE2 on TF. Methods: Sixty-five asthmatic patients and 40 healthy controls were selected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from July to November, 2017. The expression of TIPE2 and TF in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of asthmatic patients and healthy controls were detected by Western blot.The level of TF protein in plasma was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The changes of TIPE2 and TF mRNA expression in THP-1 cells stimulated by house dust mite extract were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-PCR). The recombinant adenovirus Adv-TIPE2 was constructed and transfected into THP-1 cells and the effect of over-expression TIPE2 on TF expression in THP-1 cells was detected by RT-PCR. Results: The relative level of TIPE2 protein in asthmatic patients and healthy controls was 0.025±0.010 and 0.087±0.070, while that of TF was 0.40±0.27 and 0.15±0.10, respectively. Compared with healthy controls, the levels of TIPE2 protein decreased and TF protein increased in asthmatic patients, the differences were statistically significant (t=-5.06, 9.04, P<0.05) . TIPE2 protein level was negatively correlated with TF protein level (r=-0.460 3, P<0.05). The house dust mite extract reduced the expression level of TIPE2 mRNA in THP-1 cells, but increased the level of TF mRNA expression. When the concentration was 1 µg/ml, the change of TIPE2 mRNA was the most obvious at 4 h (P<0.05). The recombinant adenovirus Adv-TIPE2 was successfully constructed. The level of TF mRNA expression in THP-1 cells over-expressing TIPE2 gene was reduced (P<0.05). Conclusion: TIPE2, a negative regulator of inflammation, has a negative control effect on TF, and may be involved in the hyper-coagulable state of bronchial asthma by regulating TF expression.