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1.
Biol Cell ; 97(9): 687-97, 2005 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15859948

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND INFORMATION: The renal CCD (cortical collecting duct) plays a role in final volume and concentration of urine by a process that is regulated by the antidiuretic hormone, [arginine]vasopressin. This hormone induces an increase in water permeability due to the translocation of AQP2 (aquaporin 2) from the intracellular vesicles to the apical membrane of principal cells. During the transition from antidiuresis to diuresis, CCD cells are exposed to changes in environmental osmolality, and cell-volume regulation may be especially important for the maintenance of intracellular homoeostasis. Despite its importance, cell-volume regulation in CCD cells has not been widely investigated. Moreover, no studies have been carried out till date to evaluate the putative role of AQPs during this process in renal cells. RESULTS: In the present study, we have studied the regulatory cell-volume responses to hypo-osmotic or hyperosmotic challenges in two CCD cell lines: one not expressing AQPs and the other stably transfected with AQP2. We have used a fluorescent probe technique in which the acquisition of single-cell kinetic data can be simultaneously recorded with the intracellular pH. Experiments with hyperosmotic mannitol media demonstrated that, independent of AQP2 expression, CCD cells shrink but fail to show regulatory volume increase, at least under the studied conditions. In contrast, under hypo-osmotic shocks, regulatory volume decrease occurs and the activation of these mechanisms is more rapid in AQP2 transfected cells. This regulatory response takes place in parallel with intracellular acidification, which is faster in cells expressing AQP2. The acidification and the initial regulatory volume decrease response were inhibited by glibenclamide and BaCl2 only in AQP2 cells. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that increases in the osmotic water permeability due to the expression of AQP2 are critical for a rapid activation of regulatory volume decrease mechanisms, which would be linked to cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator and to barium-sensitive potassium channels.


Subject(s)
Aquaporins/metabolism , Cell Membrane Permeability , Cell Size , Kidney Tubules, Collecting/cytology , Kidney Tubules, Collecting/metabolism , Animals , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/metabolism , Aquaporin 2 , Barium Compounds/metabolism , Cell Line , Chlorides/metabolism , Glyburide/metabolism , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Mannitol/metabolism , Osmolar Concentration , Rats , Urea/metabolism , Water/metabolism
2.
Arch. Inst. Cardiol. Méx ; 60(5): 479-84, sept.-oct. 1990. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-99104

ABSTRACT

Se presentan los criterios que a nuestro juicio con las claves para la selección de un antiarrítmico dentro de los que se consideran el substrato de la arritmia, el factor disparador, los factores moduladores como puntos centrales. Al mismo tiempo se mencionan en forma general los sitios donde actúan los medicamentos antiarrítmicos, sus efectos generales, las posibilidades de falla y finalmente las bases para la combinación de estos fármacos


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/pharmacokinetics , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/metabolism , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/therapy , Drug Combinations
3.
Arch. Inst. Cardiol. Méx ; 57(1): 1-8, ene.-feb. 1987. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-65989

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un bosquejo histórico de la medicación antiarrítmica, basada inicialmente en datos empíricos, después en estudios electrofisiológicos y actualmente en el conocimiento directo de los movimientos iónicos a través de la membrana de la célula en las diferentes fases de los potenciales celulares. Así, fue posible llegar desde las observaciones clínicas que permitieron introducir la quinidina en la terapéutica, a la indicación de agentes antiarrítmicos específicos en base a sus efectos sobre los movimientos iónicos y los mecanismos de mantenimiento de las arrítmias activas. Estos mecanismos pueden distribuirse en tres grupos principales: el movimiento de circo, las reentradas y las descargas de focos ectópicos. Se justifica por tanto el empleo de fármacos que prolongan el período refractario de las fibras miocárdicas en el primer grupo, de los que amplian el bloqueo local en el segundo y de los que abaten el prepotencial o deprimen la despolarización sistólica en el tercero


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/therapeutic use , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/drug therapy , Heart , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/metabolism , Electrophysiology , Action Potentials
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