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2.
Rev Neurol ; 66(10): 353-356, 2018 May 16.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29749596

ABSTRACT

The Argentine neuropsychological school is born of the hand of the European school and is part of the beginning of the Experimental Psychology. In 1896 Horacio Pinero creates the first Department of Psychology at the University of Buenos Aires and in 1898 the first laboratory of Experimental Psychology is annexed. Jose Ingeniero, psychiatrist, neurologist, politician and above all sociologist publishes in France his work about the musical aphasia, the first neuropsychological work with international significance. In the same redeems to Charcot instead of to Knoblauch like the first one to describe the amusias, it speaks of an intelligence instead of a musical language and proposes a new classification and a methodology of assessment with a neurological-psychiatric integrative perspective. This article gave rise to this book in French on the musical language and its hysterical alterations awarded by the Academy of Medicine of Paris.


TITLE: Jose Ingenieros y las amusias, sobre los origenes de la neuropsicologia argentina.La escuela neuropsicologica argentina nace de la mano de la escuela europea y forma parte del inicio de la psicologia experimental. En 1896, Horacio Pinero crea la primera catedra de psicologia de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, y en 1898 se anexa el primer laboratorio de psicologia experimental. Jose Ingenieros, psiquiatra, neurologo, politico y, sobre todo, sociologo publica en Francia su trabajo sobre afasias musicales, el primer estudio neuropsicologico argentino con trascendencia internacional. En el redime a Charcot y no a Knoblauch como el primero en describir la amusia, habla de una inteligencia y no de un lenguaje musical, y propone una clasificacion y una metodologia de evaluacion con una perspectiva integradora neurologica-psiquiatrica. Este articulo dio origen a su libro en frances sobre el lenguaje musical y sus alteraciones histericas, premiado por la Academia de Medicina de Paris.


Subject(s)
Auditory Perceptual Disorders/history , Music , Neuropsychology/history , Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Apraxias/history , Apraxias/physiopathology , Argentina , Auditory Perceptual Disorders/physiopathology , Auditory Perceptual Disorders/psychology , Dyslexia/history , Dyslexia/physiopathology , History, 19th Century , History, 20th Century , Psychophysiology/history , Sensation Disorders/history , Sensation Disorders/physiopathology , Sensation Disorders/psychology , Singing
3.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr ; 70(9): 718-26, 2012 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22990731

ABSTRACT

There is evidence that the explicit lexical-semantic processing deficits which characterize aphasia may be observed in the absence of implicit semantic impairment. The aim of this article was to critically review the international literature on lexical-semantic processing in aphasia, as tested through the semantic priming paradigm. Specifically, this review focused on aphasia and lexical-semantic processing, the methodological strengths and weaknesses of the semantic paradigms used, and recent evidence from neuroimaging studies on lexical-semantic processing. Furthermore, evidence on dissociations between implicit and explicit lexical-semantic processing reported in the literature will be discussed and interpreted by referring to functional neuroimaging evidence from healthy populations. There is evidence that semantic priming effects can be found both in fluent and in non-fluent aphasias, and that these effects are related to an extensive network which includes the temporal lobe, the pre-frontal cortex, the left frontal gyrus, the left temporal gyrus and the cingulated cortex.


Subject(s)
Aphasia/physiopathology , Cognition/physiology , Evoked Potentials/physiology , Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology , Semantics , Anomia/physiopathology , Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Aphasia, Wernicke/physiopathology , Comprehension/physiology , Evidence-Based Medicine , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Memory/physiology , Reaction Time
4.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; Arq. neuropsiquiatr;70(9): 718-726, Sept. 2012. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-649308

ABSTRACT

There is evidence that the explicit lexical-semantic processing deficits which characterize aphasia may be observed in the absence of implicit semantic impairment. The aim of this article was to critically review the international literature on lexical-semantic processing in aphasia, as tested through the semantic priming paradigm. Specifically, this review focused on aphasia and lexical-semantic processing, the methodological strengths and weaknesses of the semantic paradigms used, and recent evidence from neuroimaging studies on lexical-semantic processing. Furthermore, evidence on dissociations between implicit and explicit lexical-semantic processing reported in the literature will be discussed and interpreted by referring to functional neuroimaging evidence from healthy populations. There is evidence that semantic priming effects can be found both in fluent and in non-fluent aphasias, and that these effects are related to an extensive network which includes the temporal lobe, the pre-frontal cortex, the left frontal gyrus, the left temporal gyrus and the cingulated cortex.


Há evidências de que os déficits de processamento léxico-semântico explícitos que caracterizam a afasia podem ser observados na ausência de déficits semânticos implícitos. O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar criticamente a literatura internacional sobre processamento léxico-semântico na afasia, avaliado por meio do paradigma de priming semântico. Especificamente, esta revisão teve seu foco na afasia e processamento léxico-semântico, pontos fortes e fracos da metodologia dos paradigmas léxico-semânticos usados, e evidências recentes de estudos de neuroimagem sobre o processamento léxico-semântico. Além disso, evidências de dissociações entre processamento léxico-semântico implícito e explícito relatadas na literatura serão discutidas e interpretadas, relacionando-se aos dados de neuroimagem funcional de amostras saudáveis. Há indícios de que os efeitos de priming semântico podem ser encontrados tanto em afasias fluentes como em não fluentes, e que esses efeitos são relacionados a uma extensa rede que inclui o lobo temporal, o córtex pré-frontal, o giro frontal esquerdo, o giro temporal esquerdo e o córtex cingulado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aphasia/physiopathology , Cognition/physiology , Evoked Potentials/physiology , Pattern Recognition, Visual/physiology , Semantics , Anomia/physiopathology , Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Aphasia, Wernicke/physiopathology , Comprehension/physiology , Evidence-Based Medicine , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Memory/physiology , Reaction Time
5.
Brain Lang ; 105(3): 211-9, 2008 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17707500

ABSTRACT

In 1906, Pierre Marie triggered a heated controversy and an exchange of articles with Jules Déjerine over the localization of language functions in the human brain. The debate spread internationally. One of the timeliest responses, that appeared in print 1 month after Marie's paper, came from Christofredo Jakob, a Bavarian-born neuropathologist working in Buenos Aires. The present study comprises an English translation of Jakob's 1906 paper and a discussion of Jakob's ideas on the localizationist-holistic approach regarding the role of Broca's area. This issue is still at the core of scientific debate in the light of current neuropsychological and neuroimaging findings.


Subject(s)
Aphasia, Broca/history , Frontal Lobe/anatomy & histology , Neuroanatomy/history , Neurology/history , Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Argentina , France , Frontal Lobe/physiology , History, 20th Century , Humans
6.
Brain Dev ; 29(8): 455-61, 2007 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17475429

ABSTRACT

In 1906, the year of the renowned holistic-localizationist controversy between neurologists Pierre Marie and Jules Déjèrine in Paris, Christfried Jakob, a protagonist researcher of the cerebral cortex at the time working in Argentina, published two relevant articles entitled 'Does Broca's area exist?' and 'Anatomo-biological considerations on the centers of language'. The two articles addressed neuropsychological and developmental aspects of language functions in normality and pathology with regard to the brain areas that subserve them. The present article provides an English translation of Jakob's second paper, on the embryonic and postnatal development of brain areas related to language. The information given and the views expressed may still shed, a century later, useful light on our understanding of brain-language relationships.


Subject(s)
Aphasia, Broca/history , Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Frontal Lobe/anatomy & histology , Frontal Lobe/physiology , Neurology/history , Argentina , History, 20th Century , Humans , Medical Illustration , Paris
7.
Rev. chil. fonoaudiol ; 6(1): 31-40, jul. 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-419216

ABSTRACT

El paciente afásico comúnmente muestra alteraciones a nivel gestual, observándose diferencias entre afásicos fluentes y no fluentes. Sin embargo, no está claro si la naturaleza del déficit es simbólica o práxica. El presente estudio compara el rendimiento de la pantomima en pacientes afásicos (Broca y Wernicke) según: severidad de afasia, comprensión de la pantomima, apraxia ideomotora y déficit cognitivo. Además, compara el rendimiento entre pacientes y sujetos normales, realizándose un análisis cualitativo de los tipos de errores cometidos por los pacientes. Los resultados muestran que los pacientes afásicos rinden significativamente peor que los normales y que los afásicos de Broca rinden significativamente mejor que los afásicos de Wernicke. Por otra parte, la severidad de afasia correlaciona significativamente con el rendimiento de la pantomima en ambos. La comprensión de la pantomima y la apraxia ideomotora correlacionaron significativamente solo con los afásicos de Wernicke. La respuesta más común en los afásicos de Broca fue la de tipo incompleta y en los afásicos de Wernicke fue la de tipo relacionada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Apraxia, Ideomotor , Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Aphasia, Wernicke/physiopathology , Gestures , Attention/physiology , Case-Control Studies , Imitative Behavior/physiology , Nonverbal Communication , Psychomotor Performance , Reaction Time , Neuropsychological Tests
8.
Rosario; s.n; 1996. 294 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-206308

ABSTRACT

La intención del presente trabajo, fue aportar datos que permitieran profundizar el conocimiento del agramatismo morfosintáctico producido en los niños. Para ello, se seleccionaron niños concurrentes al servicio de Fonoaudiología del Hospital de Niños "Víctor J. Vilela", de la ciudad de Rosario, diagnosticados anteriormente como portadores de retardos anártricos puros, de los cuales sólo se recogieron los grados leves y moderados de severidad y aquellos cuyas edades se correspondieran con la segunda subetapa del segundo nivel lingüistico (de 7 años hasta 12 años aproximadamente). A la población elegida se la estudió mediante un protocolo uniforme elaborado con pruebas formales que brindaron información precisa respecto del estudio del agramatismo morfosintáctico. Una vez analizada esta información, se observó que los agramatismos eran producidos por un gran compromiso de las palabras gramaticales en todas las oportunidades que se hizo presente el síntoma


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Aphasia, Broca/diagnosis , Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Language Development Disorders/physiopathology
9.
Rosario; s.n; 1996. 294 p. tab, graf. (54153).
Thesis in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-54153

ABSTRACT

La intención del presente trabajo, fue aportar datos que permitieran profundizar el conocimiento del agramatismo morfosintáctico producido en los niños. Para ello, se seleccionaron niños concurrentes al servicio de Fonoaudiología del Hospital de Niños "Víctor J. Vilela", de la ciudad de Rosario, diagnosticados anteriormente como portadores de retardos anártricos puros, de los cuales sólo se recogieron los grados leves y moderados de severidad y aquellos cuyas edades se correspondieran con la segunda subetapa del segundo nivel ling³istico (de 7 años hasta 12 años aproximadamente). A la población elegida se la estudió mediante un protocolo uniforme elaborado con pruebas formales que brindaron información precisa respecto del estudio del agramatismo morfosintáctico. Una vez analizada esta información, se observó que los agramatismos eran producidos por un gran compromiso de las palabras gramaticales en todas las oportunidades que se hizo presente el síntoma(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Aphasia, Broca/diagnosis , Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Language Development Disorders/physiopathology
10.
Rosario; s.n; 1996. 294 p. tab, graf. (103131).
Thesis in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-103131

ABSTRACT

La intención del presente trabajo, fue aportar datos que permitieran profundizar el conocimiento del agramatismo morfosintáctico producido en los niños. Para ello, se seleccionaron niños concurrentes al servicio de Fonoaudiología del Hospital de Niños "Víctor J. Vilela", de la ciudad de Rosario, diagnosticados anteriormente como portadores de retardos anártricos puros, de los cuales sólo se recogieron los grados leves y moderados de severidad y aquellos cuyas edades se correspondieran con la segunda subetapa del segundo nivel ling³istico (de 7 años hasta 12 años aproximadamente). A la población elegida se la estudió mediante un protocolo uniforme elaborado con pruebas formales que brindaron información precisa respecto del estudio del agramatismo morfosintáctico. Una vez analizada esta información, se observó que los agramatismos eran producidos por un gran compromiso de las palabras gramaticales en todas las oportunidades que se hizo presente el síntoma(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Aphasia, Broca/diagnosis , Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Language Development Disorders/physiopathology
11.
Rosario; s.n; 1996. 294 p. tab, graf. (19810).
Thesis in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-19810

ABSTRACT

La intención del presente trabajo, fue aportar datos que permitieran profundizar el conocimiento del agramatismo morfosintáctico producido en los niños. Para ello, se seleccionaron niños concurrentes al servicio de Fonoaudiología del Hospital de Niños "Víctor J. Vilela", de la ciudad de Rosario, diagnosticados anteriormente como portadores de retardos anártricos puros, de los cuales sólo se recogieron los grados leves y moderados de severidad y aquellos cuyas edades se correspondieran con la segunda subetapa del segundo nivel ling³istico (de 7 años hasta 12 años aproximadamente). A la población elegida se la estudió mediante un protocolo uniforme elaborado con pruebas formales que brindaron información precisa respecto del estudio del agramatismo morfosintáctico. Una vez analizada esta información, se observó que los agramatismos eran producidos por un gran compromiso de las palabras gramaticales en todas las oportunidades que se hizo presente el síntoma(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Aphasia, Broca/diagnosis , Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Language Development Disorders/physiopathology
12.
Brain Lang ; 51(2): 355-68, 1995 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8564476

ABSTRACT

This article presents a case study of a Spanish-speaking Broca's patient with a selective deficit in syntactic production. The analysis indicates difficulties in processing certain abstract categories such as clitic pronouns without any other significant morphological errors. This pattern and the abundant use of strong pronouns in subject position are accounted as a syntactic production deficit related to the computation of phonetically null elements e that enter in a syntactic chain. At the same time, the patient shows a milder problem in the production of canonical word order at the sentence level, which is also explained in syntactic terms.


Subject(s)
Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Language , Semantics , Speech Production Measurement , Aged , Aphasia, Broca/diagnosis , Argentina , Cerebral Cortex/physiopathology , Cerebral Infarction/diagnosis , Cerebral Infarction/physiopathology , Concept Formation/physiology , Female , Humans , Psycholinguistics
13.
Brain Lang ; 50(1): 117-33, 1995 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7552228

ABSTRACT

This paper comments on Hagiwara's (1994b, this volume) proposals to account for the language deficits found in agrammatic aphasia, with special emphasis on Functional Categories (FCs). Some contemporary assumptions about FCs are reviewed focusing on their contentfulness, morphological features, and depiction as a heterogeneous set. This paper also discusses the view that the target of impairment in agrammatism constitutes a natural class. Treatment of FCs in their connection to chains and Lexical-Relatedness is discussed in terms of feature checking and morphological characteristics.


Subject(s)
Language Disorders/etiology , Aphasia, Broca/complications , Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Cross-Cultural Comparison , France , Germany , Humans , Italy , Japan , Language Disorders/diagnosis , Language Tests , Linguistics , Spain , Sweden
14.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr ; 53(1): 88-93, 1995 Mar.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7575214

ABSTRACT

This study concerns about brain electrical activity during auditory stimulation in 2 aphasic patients, one with classical (left hemisphere lesion) and another with cross aphasia (right hemisphere lesion). Both cases were submitted to dichotic listening test (consonant-vowel-consonant task) and music audition (gregorian chant), during brain mapping examination. We found, in both cases, a great proportion in delta frequency and power in non-lesional hemisphere during dichotic and musical stimulation. Besides, increasing in frequency of alpha activity was observed only in the non-lesional hemisphere restricted to temporal lobe region. Such findings suggest an interesting field of research about measurements of neurophysiological correlates of auditory stimulation and brain electrical activity in aphasia.


Subject(s)
Acoustic Stimulation , Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Brain Mapping , Brain/physiopathology , Electroencephalography , Adult , Aged , Alpha Rhythm , Aphasia, Broca/etiology , Brain Ischemia/complications , Brain Ischemia/diagnosis , Brain Ischemia/physiopathology , Delta Rhythm , Dichotic Listening Tests , Functional Laterality , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Neuropsychological Tests , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
15.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; Arq. neuropsiquiatr;53(1): 88-93, mar. 1995. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-155484

ABSTRACT

Este estudo diz respeito à atividade elétrica cerebral durante estimulaçäo auditiva em dois pacientes afásicos, um com afasia clássica (lesäo no hemisfério esquerdo) e outro com afasia cruzada (lesäo no hemisfério direito). Ambos foram submetidos ao teste de estimulaçäo auditiva dicótica (consoante-vogal-consoante) e de audiçäo musical (canto gregoriano) durante mapeamento eletrencefalográfico cerebral. Encontramos, em ambos, grande proporçäo da frequência delta e potência no hemisfério näo lesado, durante a estimulaçäo dicótica e musical. Alé disso, foi observado aumento na frequência de atividade alfa somente no hemisfério näo lesado, restrito à regiäo do lobo temporal. Esses achados sugerem um interessante campo de pesquisa acerca da medida de correlatos neurofisiológicos de estimulaçäo auditiva e de atividade elétrica cerebral na afasia


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Aged , Acoustic Stimulation , Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Brain Mapping , Cerebrum/physiology , Electroencephalography , Alpha Rhythm , Aphasia, Broca/etiology , Brain Ischemia/complications , Brain Ischemia/diagnosis , Brain Ischemia/physiopathology , Delta Rhythm , Dichotic Listening Tests , Functional Laterality , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Neuropsychological Tests , Tomography, X-Ray Computed
16.
Rev. neurol. Argent ; 18(3): 71-80, 1993. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-125860

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el caso de un paciente afásico quien muestra una producción inusitada de paralexias semánticas durante la lectura en voz alta de palabras y frases. No hemos encontrado en la literatura ninguna publicación que haga referencia a la producción de este síntoma en pacientes hispanoparlantes. Por el contrario, dada la transparencia del sistema lectográfico español (alta correspondencia grafema/fonema) se ha puesto en duda que las parilexias semánticas y el síndrome aléxico correspondiente (dislexia profunda) puedan presentarse en hispanoparlantes. Nuestro caso desdice esta presunción y permite discutir aspectos relevantes de los modelos neuropsicológicos de la lectura


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aphasia, Broca/etiology , Cerebrovascular Disorders , Dysarthria/diagnosis , Dyslexia, Acquired/diagnosis , Aphasia/etiology , Aphasia, Broca/diagnosis , Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Apraxias/etiology , Intracranial Aneurysm/complications , Dysarthria/diagnosis , Dyslexia, Acquired/etiology , Dyslexia, Acquired/physiopathology , Language Disorders/diagnosis , Language Disorders/etiology , Language Tests/instrumentation
17.
Rev. neurol. argent ; 18(3): 71-80, 1993. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-25406

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el caso de un paciente afásico quien muestra una producción inusitada de paralexias semánticas durante la lectura en voz alta de palabras y frases. No hemos encontrado en la literatura ninguna publicación que haga referencia a la producción de este síntoma en pacientes hispanoparlantes. Por el contrario, dada la transparencia del sistema lectográfico español (alta correspondencia grafema/fonema) se ha puesto en duda que las parilexias semánticas y el síndrome aléxico correspondiente (dislexia profunda) puedan presentarse en hispanoparlantes. Nuestro caso desdice esta presunción y permite discutir aspectos relevantes de los modelos neuropsicológicos de la lectura


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Dyslexia, Acquired/diagnosis , Dysarthria/diagnosis , Cerebrovascular Disorders , Aphasia, Broca/etiology , Aphasia/etiology , Aphasia, Broca/diagnosis , Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Intracranial Aneurysm/complications , Dyslexia, Acquired/etiology , Dyslexia, Acquired/physiopathology , Dysarthria/diagnosis , Apraxias/etiology , Language Disorders/diagnosis , Language Disorders/etiology , Language Tests/instrumentation
18.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr ; 45(1): 16-28, 1987 Mar.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3606436

ABSTRACT

The author studies three patients with Broca aphasia characterized by the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination, and following A.R. Luria's criterion on the use and comprehension of pragmatic elements of speech--deixis of time, person, place, discourse and social, implicatures of Grice, conventional, generalized and particularized and presupposition. For this, the author works on the development of three hours speech resulted from interviews and also uses specific tests. One of the patients lost the propositional content of speech and internal language, typical of severe dynamic aphasia. The other two showed instability in comprehension and use of time and place deixis only during the tests, not revealing this anomaly at non-artificial conditions. These findings suggest that metalanguage is upset with its specific temporo-spatial elements affected, and it is possible that there is a graduation in the loss of discourse linkage with verbal and nonverbal context in which mediation is made by pragmatic relation in frontal lesions.


Subject(s)
Aphasia, Broca/diagnosis , Aphasia/diagnosis , Neuropsychological Tests , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Adult , Aged , Aphasia, Broca/etiology , Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Cerebrovascular Disorders/complications , Female , Humans , Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery , Male , Middle Aged
20.
West Indian med. j ; 31(3): 159-61, Sept. 1982.
Article in English | MedCarib | ID: med-11375

ABSTRACT

Two cases of "aphasia without amusia" are described. The diagnosis was made fortuitously. The relevant literature is reviewed, and the implications of the reported findings are discussed. (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Aphasia/physiopathology , Aphasia, Broca/physiopathology , Music , Aphasia, Broca/diagnosis , Jamaica
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